scholarly journals What happens to adiponectin, resistin and apelin-12 in colorectal adenomas? A cross sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
oguz dikbas ◽  
Ülkü Dagli ◽  
Handan Ankarali ◽  
Buket Kin Tekce ◽  
Fahri Yılmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Colorectal Adenomas ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oncogenic Potential ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Study Results

Abstract BackgroundColorectal adenomas are precancerous neoplastic lesions which may potentially differentiate to the colorectal carcinoma. We investigated whether adiponectin, resistin and apelin 12 serum levels might change in case of colorectal neoplasia. Aims In this study we intended to determine relationship between serum levels of adiponectin, resistin, apelin-12 and presence of colorectal adenoma using case-control approach. Methods Patients undergoing screening colonoscopy in the Abant Izzet Baysal University Medical Faculty Gastroenterology Polyclinics between years 2010 and 2013 were selected for study. Results In this study there were not any difference between groups according to age, body mass index, waist circumference and mean arterial blood pressure (all p>0.05). Adiponectin, resistin and apelin-12 serum levels were not statistically different between groups (p=0.642, p=0.890, p=0.618; respectively). On the other side: Serum apelin-12 levels were found to be statistically higher in patients with severe dysplastic adenoma group compared to both non-dysplastic and without adenoma groups (p=0.014). There was a negative correlation between the number of colorectal adenomas and serum adiponectin levels (p=0.035, r=-0.41). Conclusion Apelin-12 does increase in severe dysplastic adenomas. Apelin-12 is an angiogenic adipocytokine with oncogenic potential. The relation between cancer development and apelin has been shown in different types of tumors. Apelin-12 might be a candidate marker for detecting dysplastic colorectal adenomas.

Serum levels of ARMS2, COL8A1, RAD51B, and VEGF and their correlations in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Battu ◽  
Kaushal Sharma ◽  
Manjari Rain ◽  
Ramandeep Singh ◽  
Akshay Anand
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Study Results

Background: Many factors including genetic and environmental are responsible for the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, its pathogenesis has not been clearly elucidated yet. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the Age-Related Maculopathy Susceptibility 2 (ARMS2), Collagen type VIII Alpha 1 chain (COL8A1), Rad 51 paralog(RAD51B), and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) protein levels in serum of AMD and control participants and to further investigate their correlation to understand AMD pathogenesis. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, 31 healthy control and 57 AMD patients were recruited from Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. A blood sample was taken and serum was isolated from it. ELISA(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)was used for the estimation of proteins in the serum of patients. Results: ARMS2 and COL8A1 levels were significantly elevated in the AMD group than in the control group. The highest levels of ARMS2, COL8A1, and VEGF proteins were recorded for the wet AMD sub-group. The study results endorsed significant positive correlation between these following molecules; ARMS2 and COL8A1 (r=0.933, p<0.0001), ARMS2 and RAD51B (r=0.704, p<0.0001), ARMS2 and VEGF (r=0.925, p<0.0001), COL8A1 and RAD51B (r=0.736, p<0.0001), COL8A1 and VEGF (r=0.879, p<0.0001),and RAD51B and VEGF (r=0.691, p<0.0001). Conclusion: The ARMS2 and COL8A1 levels were significantly higher and RAD51B was significantly lower in the AMD group than controls. Also, a significant statistical correlation was detected between these molecules, indicating that their interaction may be involved in the pathogenesis of AMD.

scholarly journals Does the Access to Sun Exposure Ensure Adequate Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D?

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (03) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Ênio Damaso ◽  
Francisco Paula ◽  
Silvio Franceschini ◽  
Carolina Vieira ◽  
Rui Ferriani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Objectives To assess the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, altered arterial blood pressure, and serum levels of glucose and lipids in community-dwelling women in the city of Ribeirão Preto, in the southeast of Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of women aged 40–70 years old. Calcium intake and level of sun exposure were assessed by means of a questionnaire. A blood sample was used to determine glucose, lipid profile and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration. Results Ninety-one women were enrolled (age = 54.2 ± 7.1 years). The mean serum 25(OH)D concentration was 25.7 ± 8.9 ng/mL. A total of 24 (26.4%) women had 25(OH)D levels < 20 ng/mL. Seventy women (76.9%) had 25(OH)D levels < 30 ng/mL. Seventy-five women (90.4%) had inadequate calcium intake, and 61 women (67%) had appropriate sun exposure, 49 of whom (80.3%) had serum 25(OH)D levels < 30 ng/mL. Conclusion This study indicates that even in community-dwelling women, living in a city with high sun exposure, serum levels of 25(OH)D > 30 ng/ml are hardly reached. Thus, it is probable that other intrinsic factors besides sun exposure may regulate the levels of vitamin D.

EFFECTS OF ONLINE HEMODIAFILTRATION IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE PATIENTS TREATING WITH MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS IN CHO RAY HOSPITAL

2015 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Thi Thuy Duong Tran ◽  
Tam Vo ◽  
Minh Tuan Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Intermittent Hemodialysis ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Conventional Hemodialysis

Background: By combining diffisive and convective with a large volume in the same exchange method, Online Haemodiafiltration provide the highest clearances of both small and large solutes in the end stage renal disease patients who treated by maintenance hemodialysis. Objective: To investigate the serum levels of Ure, creatinin, phosphorus, Beta2-microglobulin and Homocystein before and after one session of Online Hemodiafiltration and one session of conventional Hemodialysis in the same patient. Method: Cross – sectional study. Results: 34 patients were treated by combining one session Online Hemodiafiltration and two sessions intermittent Hemodialysis/week. The urea reduction rate: 76.61 ± 7.37% Online Hemodiafiltration compare with 69.90 ± 7.55% conventional hemodialysis; the creatinin reduction rate: 67.76 ± 6.05% Online Hemodiafiltration compare with 61.40 ± 7.82% conventional hemodialysis; the phospho reduction rate: 52.37 ± 14.47% Online Hemodiafiltration compare with 42.81 ± 21.39% conventional hemodialysis; the Beta 2-microglobulin reduction rate: 72.42 ± 7.60% Online Hemodifiltration compare with 56.91 ± 12.76% conventional hemodialysis; the Homocysteine reduction rate: 43.23 ± 15.46% Online Hemodiafiltration compare with 33.68 ± 14.72% conventional hemodialysis. A differrent in two methods was significally and the solute reduction rate was higher with Online Hemodiafiltration, p < 0.01. Conclusion: Online Haemodiafiltration provide the highest clearances of both small and large solutes and helping to improve patient’s survival and quality of life.

scholarly journals Study on Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (52) ◽  
pp. 3137-3141
Author(s):  
Tonjam Hemchand Singh ◽  
Haobijam Nirendrakumar Singh ◽  
Nongthonbam Surajkumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

BACKGROUND We wanted to evaluate serum levels of thyroid hormones (FT3, FT4 and TSH) among the patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism among MDD patients. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Psychiatry, JNIMS for a period of one year from Nov. 2017 to Oct. 2018. After obtaining informed consent, confirmed cases of MDD who attended JNIMS psychiatry OPD were selected for study. RESULTS Prevalence of hypothyroidism among MDD patients was found to be 24 % and more in females, patients from low-socio-economic status and in older age group. CONCLUSIONS Considering the higher prevalence of hypothyroidism in females and low socioeconomic status among the major depressive disorder patients, attention has to be paid to screening thyroid hormone testing in all major depressive disorders and early treatment of hypothyroidism. KEYWORDS Euthyroid, Hypothyroidism, Major Depressive Disorder

ASSESSMENT OF SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS REGARDING HELPING BABIES BREATH INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE NEWBORN CARE IN RURAL DISTRICT OF SINDH

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Sheh Mureed ◽  
Muhammad Hassan Gandro ◽  
Walid Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Skilled Birth Attendants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Birth Attendants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Labour Room

Background: Globally, 3.1 million newborn deaths occur every year out of these estimated 400,000 neonatal deaths occur in Pakistan. All neonatal deaths 99% take place in poorest region and countries of the world, usually within hours of birth; mostly the cause of neonatal deaths is hypoxia. To access knowledge and practice of SBAs regarding HBB and to access the availability of equipments required for HBB. Methods: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study on SBAs as trained in HBB. All 46 SBAs trained on HBB working in Labour room eight rural Health centers, four Taluka, One district Head Quarter Health Facilities and thirteen Mlbcs of the district, were included in the sample for study. All 41 SBAs were trained on HBB participated in the study. Results: Mean age of 30 years. Out of total 41 participants 25 were working in B-EmoNC (61%), 3in C-EmoNC (7.3%) and 13 in mid wife laid birth Centre (MLBC) or birth station (31.7%). About 92.7% of participants said that main purpose of HBB training is to decrease the NMR by improving newborn care. Drying of newborn is 82.7%, hand washing is 95.12% and 85.3% of the study participants said that they gave 30-40 breaths per minutes. Cord clamp and pair of ties was accessible to 85% of participants versus 14.3% who reported it's not accessible. Almost one quarter (34.1%) participants have low knowledge and practice. Knowledge and training had significant effect on the overall practices of the skilled birth attendants for skilled birth deliveries and reduce the neonatal deaths (P <0.001). Conclusion: Tools play a vital role for the implication of the knowledge into practices and tools were available almost to every participant. Although few barriers also identified for the less application of the helping hand babies trainings in the community.

Blood Analysis Requests of Patients’ and Clinical Reflections in Primary Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Zerrin Gamsizkan ◽  
Mehmet Ali Sungur ◽  
Yasemin Çayır
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Study Results

Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the factors that may affect the demands of patients who come with the request to have a blood test without any chronic disease or a planned examination check. Methods: The data of this descriptive, cross-sectional study, were collected with a questionnaire that was prepared to examine the opinions of the patients who claim to have a blood test by coming to the family health center without any complaints. Patients over 18 years of age, who did not have any chronic disease and had no scheduled examination appointments were included in the study. Results: A total of 278 patients who wanted to have a blood test within the 6-months period were included in the study. Female patients who wanted to have a blood test were significantly more than male patients. When we look at the causes of patients who wanted to have a blood test; 61.2% (n=170) patients stated that they are concerned about their health and 6.1% (n=17) stated that they were affected by media warnings. There was no significant relationship between the frequency of blood test requests of patients and their age, gender, education, and general health status. Conclusion: Patients with high expectations and anxiety may be more willing to perform blood tests at inappropriate intervals. Family physicians, whose primary role is preventive medicine, have consultancy and information duties in order to protect their patients from the risk of over-examination and diagnosis. Keywords: blood tests, patient, screening, routine diagnostic tests

STUDYING OF CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION IN HUE CITY IN 2011

2012 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Xuan Doan ◽  
Xuan Chuong Tran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Study Results

Children with mental retardation have low intelligence, slow thinking, low learning ability in comparison with the same age children. Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence of children with mental retardation in Hue City. 2. To study some characteristics of children with mental retardation. Materials and methodes: All children with mental retardation in Hue city. Cross sectional study. Results: The prevalence of children with mental retardation (CMR) among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. The highest prevalences ware in Phu Binh, Xuan Phu quarters (0.79 and 0.66%), lowest in Thuan Loc, Thuan Thanh quarters (0.03 and 0.06%). Children over 5 yrs old were 75.95%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities. More than 78% have late walking, 84% have late speaking. Conclusions: The prevalence of children with mental retardation among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Inadequate Bowel Preparation for Screening Colonoscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2740
Author(s):  
Efrat L. Amitay ◽  
Tobias Niedermaier ◽  
Anton Gies ◽  
Michael Hoffmeister ◽  
Hermann Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Screening Practice ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Inadequate Bowel Preparation

The success of a colonoscopy in detecting and removing pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions depends heavily on the quality of bowel preparation. Despite efforts, 20–44% of colonoscopy participants have an inadequate bowel preparation. We aimed to assess and compare risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation and for the presence of advanced colorectal neoplasms in routine screening practice. In this cross-sectional study, among 8125 participants of screening colonoscopy in Germany with a comprehensive assessment of sociodemographic factors, lifestyle and medical history, we examined factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation and with findings of advanced neoplasms using adjusted log-binomial regression models. Among the identified risk factors assessed, three factors were identified that were significantly associated with inadequate bowel preparation: age ≥ 70 years (adjusted prevalence ratios, aPR, 1.50 95%CI 1.31–1.71), smoking (aPR 1.29 95%CI 1.11–1.50) and abdominal symptoms (aPR 1.14 95%CI 1.02–1.27). The same risk factors were also associated with the prevalence of advanced neoplasms in our study (aPR 1.72, 1.62 and 1.44, respectively). The risk factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation in this study were also associated with a higher risk for advanced neoplasms. Inadequate bowel preparation for colonoscopy might lead to missed colorectal cancer (CRC) precursors and the late diagnosis of CRC. People at high risk of advanced neoplasms are in particular need of enhanced bowel preparation.

scholarly journals Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Screening in Female Osteoporosis Patients—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2344
Author(s):  
Franca Genest ◽  
Dominik Rak ◽  
Elisa Bätz ◽  
Kerstin Ott ◽  
Lothar Seefried
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Not At Risk

Sarcopenia and malnutrition are important determinants of increased fracture risk in osteoporosis. SARC-F and MNA-SF are well-established questionnaires for identifying patients at risk for these conditions. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and potential added benefit of such assessments as well as the actual prevalence of these conditions in osteoporosis patients. We conducted a cross-sectional, single-center study in female osteoporosis patients ≥ 65 years (SaNSiBaR-study). Results of the sarcopenia (SARC-F) and malnutrition (MNA-SF) screening questionnaires were matched with a functional assessment for sarcopenia and data from patients’ medical records. Out of 107 patients included in the analysis, a risk for sarcopenia (SARC-F ≥ 4 points) and a risk for malnutrition (MNA-SF ≤ 11 points) was found in 33 (30.8%) and 38 (35.5%) patients, respectively. Diagnostic overlap with coincident indicative findings in both questionnaires was observed in 17 patients (16%). As compared to the respective not-at-risk groups, the mean short physical performance battery (SPPB) score was significantly reduced in both patients at risk for sarcopenia (7.0 vs. 10.9 points, p < 0.001) and patients at risk for malnutrition (8.7 vs. 10.5 points, p = 0.005). Still, confirmed sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 criteria was present in only 6 (6%) of all 107 patients, with only 3 of them having an indicative SARC-F score. Bone mineral density was not significantly different in any of the at-risk groups at any site. In summary, applying SARC-F and MNA-SF in osteoporosis patients appears to be a complementary approach to identify individuals with functional deficits.

scholarly journals Variation in performance on common content items at UK medical schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hope ◽  
David Kluth ◽  
Matthew Homer ◽  
Avril Dewar ◽  
Richard Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pass Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Institutional Differences ◽  
Common Content ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Due to differing assessment systems across UK medical schools, making meaningful cross-school comparisons on undergraduate students’ performance in knowledge tests is difficult. Ahead of the introduction of a national licensing assessment in the UK, we evaluate schools’ performances on a shared pool of “common content” knowledge test items to compare candidates at different schools and evaluate whether they would pass under different standard setting regimes. Such information can then help develop a cross-school consensus on standard setting shared content. Methods We undertook a cross-sectional study in the academic sessions 2016-17 and 2017-18. Sixty “best of five” multiple choice ‘common content’ items were delivered each year, with five used in both years. In 2016-17 30 (of 31 eligible) medical schools undertook a mean of 52.6 items with 7,177 participants. In 2017-18 the same 30 medical schools undertook a mean of 52.8 items with 7,165 participants, creating a full sample of 14,342 medical students sitting common content prior to graduation. Using mean scores, we compared performance across items and carried out a “like-for-like” comparison of schools who used the same set of items then modelled the impact of different passing standards on these schools. Results Schools varied substantially on candidate total score. Schools differed in their performance with large (Cohen’s d around 1) effects. A passing standard that would see 5 % of candidates at high scoring schools fail left low-scoring schools with fail rates of up to 40 %, whereas a passing standard that would see 5 % of candidates at low scoring schools fail would see virtually no candidates from high scoring schools fail. Conclusions Candidates at different schools exhibited significant differences in scores in two separate sittings. Performance varied by enough that standards that produce realistic fail rates in one medical school may produce substantially different pass rates in other medical schools – despite identical content and the candidates being governed by the same regulator. Regardless of which hypothetical standards are “correct” as judged by experts, large institutional differences in pass rates must be explored and understood by medical educators before shared standards are applied. The study results can assist cross-school groups in developing a consensus on standard setting future licensing assessment.

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