scholarly journals Season, Weather, Arthritis, Dermatitis, and Cardiovascular Abnormalities – Systemic Diseases Caused by Foot Fungal Infection and Its Secreted Proteins, Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHARLES XIAOXIANG ZHU
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Chronic Arthritis ◽  
Secreted Proteins ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Cardiovascular Abnormalities ◽  
Partial Lesion

Abstract Background The cause of many rheumatic diseases is still unknown. Some Infections might play a role, but the causative evidence is far from definitive. In this arthritic case, an association between a chronic foot fungal infection with Aspergillus sydowii (Aspsy) and arthritis was initially suggested when the treatment of foot hyperkeratosis-like lesions (Xiangya lesions) provoked multiple joints arthritis symptoms. In order to find the association of fungal infection and arthritis, data from scrupulous observations of plantar lesions, arthritic symptoms, and weather features in events of the fungal infection relapses, foot lesion manipulation, or subcutaneous injection of fungal secreted proteins were gathered and analyzed in three years. Case presentation Of the patient, relapses of the fungal infections on Xiangya lesions often occurred after rainy and humid days in winter and spring. Significant relapses of the infection aggravated the symptoms of arthritis within a few days, and the symptoms gradually improved in 2-3 weeks after the remission of fungal infection by topical antifungal treatment. Also, repeated trimming/debriding Xiangya lesion or subcutaneous injection of fungal secreted proteins also induced the arthritis symptoms similar to those of foot fungal infections. Arthritis Dermatitis, bradycardia, hypertension, and elevated blood monocytes were concurrent abnormalities. Topical methotrexate on the fresh trimmed plantar lesions was able to prevent and relieve arthritis. Conclusions Active fungal infections on plantar Xiangya lesions were associated with cold and humid weather in winter-spring or partial lesion debridement. The active fungal infections induced and exacerbated arthritis, dermatitis, and cardiovascular abnormalities. Fungal secreted proteins may mediate the fungal pathogenicity. Effective treatments of the fungal infection improved arthritis and dermatitis. These pathological characteristics have not been described before and could be a new disease, or one of the unknown pathogenic mechanisms for some known rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. The results of this research may provide an insight into a novel pathogenic mechanism for some chronic arthritis and may shed light on further clinical studies on the pathogenesis and environmental factors of some rheumatic diseases. Keywords: Arthritis of fungal protein, Aspergillus skin infection, rheumatic diseases pathogenesis, methotrexate, case report

scholarly journals Sinus maxillaris mycetoma of odontogenic origin: case report

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matjaz Rode ◽  
Jernej Podboj ◽  
Mirela Kogoj-Rode
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Odontogenic Origin ◽  
Upper Jaw ◽  
Root Apices ◽  
Diagnostic Changes

Fungal infections are on the increase and those of the jaw cavities with Aspergillus species may be connected with the root apices of teeth in the upper jaw. Diagnostic changes in the sinus maxillaris and certain types of facial pain may be indicative of fungal infection. The authors report a case of aspergillosis sinusitis and describe the diagnostic methods and treatment of this infection that may be associated with endodontic treatment.

Renal mucormycosis following COVID-19 treatment with immune modulators: a case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Chaudhary ◽  
Ashish Behera ◽  
Navneet Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Immune Modulators ◽  
Steep Rise

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection that occurs primarily in immunocompromised individuals, usually affecting the rhino-orbital areas followed by the lungs. This case report presents renal mucormycosis in a young man after COVID-19 pneumonia that escalates the need for regular follow-up of COVID-19 patients. Post-COVID-19 fungal infections are on a steep rise, and the increased use of steroids and immune modulators for COVID-19-associated immune dysregulation and cytokine syndrome increases the risk among patients treated for COVID-19.

scholarly journals The Prediction and Prognosis of Fungal Infection in Lung Transplant Recipients—A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Yae-Jee Baek ◽  
Yun-Suk Cho ◽  
Moo-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jong-Hoon Hyun ◽  
Yu-Jin Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Lung Transplant ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Lung Transplant Recipients

(1) Background: Lung transplant recipients (LTRs) are at substantial risk of invasive fungal disease (IFD), although no consensus has been reached on the use of antifungal agents (AFAs) after lung transplantation (LTx). This study aimed to assess the risk factors and prognosis of fungal infection after LTx in a single tertiary center in South Korea. (2) Methods: The study population included all patients who underwent LTx between January 2012 and July 2019 at a tertiary hospital. It was a retrospective cohort study. Culture, bronchoscopy, and laboratory findings were reviewed during episodes of infection. (3) Results: Fungus-positive respiratory samples were predominant in the first 90 days and the overall cumulative incidence of Candida spp. was approximately three times higher than that of Aspergillus spp. In the setting of itraconazole administration for 6 months post-LTx, C. glabrata accounted for 36.5% of all Candida-positive respiratory samples. Underlying connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease, use of AFAs before LTx, a longer length of hospital stay after LTx, and old age were associated with developing a fungal infection after LTx. IFD and fungal infection treatment failure significantly increased overall mortality. Host factors, antifungal drug resistance, and misdiagnosis of non-Aspergillus molds could attribute to the breakthrough fungal infections. (4) Conclusions: Careful bronchoscopy, prompt fungus culture, and appropriate use of antifungal therapies are recommended during the first year after LTx.

scholarly journals Estimated Burden of Fungal Infections in Oman

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Abdullah M. S. Al-Hatmi ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-Shuhoumi ◽  
David W. Denning
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Underlying Pathology

For many years, fungi have emerged as significant and frequent opportunistic pathogens and nosocomial infections in many different populations at risk. Fungal infections include disease that varies from superficial to disseminated infections which are often fatal. No fungal disease is reportable in Oman. Many cases are admitted with underlying pathology, and fungal infection is often not documented. The burden of fungal infections in Oman is still unknown. Using disease frequencies from heterogeneous and robust data sources, we provide an estimation of the incidence and prevalence of Oman’s fungal diseases. An estimated 79,520 people in Oman are affected by a serious fungal infection each year, 1.7% of the population, not including fungal skin infections, chronic fungal rhinosinusitis or otitis externa. These figures are dominated by vaginal candidiasis, followed by allergic respiratory disease (fungal asthma). An estimated 244 patients develop invasive aspergillosis and at least 230 candidemia annually (5.4 and 5.0 per 100,000). Only culture and microscopy are currently available for diagnosis, so case detection is suboptimal. Uncertainty surrounds these figures that trigger the need for urgent local epidemiological studies with more sensitive diagnostics.

scholarly journals Rapidly dissolving microneedle patch of amphotericin B for intracorneal fungal infections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyaa A. Albadr ◽  
Ismaiel A. Tekko ◽  
Lalitkumar K. Vora ◽  
Ahlam A. Ali ◽  
Garry Laverty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Microneedle Patch

AbstractChronic fungal infection of the cornea could lead to blindness if not treated properly. Topical amphotericin B (AMP-B) is considered the first treatment of choice for ocular fungal infection. However, factors related to its poor solubility and penetration through intact cornea lead to poor bioavailability. Microneedles (MNs) are emerging as a minimally invasive method to enhance ocular drug delivery. This study aims to investigate the potential use of biodegradable poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and hyaluronic acid (HA)–based rapidly dissolving MNs for delivery of AMP-B to treat fungal infection. The data obtained illustrates PVP/HA MN arrays’ reproducibility, good mechanical strength, and faster dissolution with 100% drug recovery. Multiphoton microscopic results revealed that MNs successfully penetrate the corneal tissue and enhance AMP-B permeation through corneal layers. Furthermore, PVP/HA MN arrays showed high solubility. Both PVP and HA successfully decreased AMP-B cytotoxicity when compared to free drug. More interestingly, the biocompatible MN formulations preserved the antifungal activity of AMP-B, as demonstrated by significant inhibition of fungal growth. Therefore, this study shows the feasibility of ocular delivery of the poorly soluble AMP-B using a fast-dissolving MN patch. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Successful treatment of gastrointestinal mucormycosis in an adult with acute leukemia: case report and literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Alghamdi ◽  
A. Lutynski ◽  
M. Minden ◽  
C. Rotstein
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Invasive Fungal Infection ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Considerable Morbidity ◽  
Delays In Diagnosis

Mucormycosis has emerged as an important cause of invasive fungal infection in patients with hematologic malignancies. Gastrointestinal mucormycosis is an unusual presentation of this invasive fungal infection, and it causes considerable morbidity and mortality. Such outcomes are due in part to a nonspecific presentation that results in delays in diagnosis and treatment. Successful treatment of gastrointestinal mucormycosis involves surgical debridement and appropriate antifungal therapy.

Fungal infection after endothelial keratoplasty: association with hypothermic corneal storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 1487-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Lau ◽  
Aida Hajjar Sesé ◽  
Victor A Augustin ◽  
Geert Kuit ◽  
Mark R Wilkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Endothelial Keratoplasty ◽  
Donor Tissue ◽  
Purpureocillium Lilacinum ◽  
Eye Banks ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Host Cornea

PurposeTo compare the incidence of fungal infection after endothelial keratoplasty (EK) when donor tissue had been stored in hypothermic medium or organ culture.MethodsWe describe the clinical features of 10 cases of fungal infection (keratitis or endophthalmitis) following EK identified at three European centres. Case definition was the culture of fungus or a positive PCR from the host cornea or anterior chamber after EK. A survey of the incidence of infection after EK was conducted by the European Eye Bank Association. The main outcome measure was the number of cases in which donor tissue had been stored in hypothermic medium compared with organ culture.ResultsThe 10 cases occurred between 2014 and 2017. All donor corneas had been stored in hypothermic medium sourced from three US eye banks. Three pairs of mate corneas caused infections in six recipients. Candida spp were identified from nine cases, with one isolate of Purpureocillium lilacinum. Data on 16 862 corneas supplied for EK were available from 16 European eye banks for the 5-year period from 2012. There were 17 reported cases of infection, of which 15 (88%) were fungal infections and 14 (82%) were Candida spp. Fungal infection was reported from 3 of 14 476 (0.02%) corneas supplied in organ culture compared with 12 of 2386 (0.50%) corneas supplied in hypothermic medium (p<0.0001). The incidence of infection after hypothermic storage was similar for material sourced from Europe (0.52%) or the USA (0.61%).ConclusionsInfection after EK is strongly associated with Candida spp. The possible explanations for the higher incidence of infection when tissue is stored in hypothermic medium are discussed.

CAPD Catheter Exit-Site and Tunnel Infection with Fungal Etiology—Treatment and Catheter Reinsertion for an Extremely Rare Complication

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-239
Author(s):  
Manmeet Singh Jhawar ◽  
Jasmin Das ◽  
Pratish George ◽  
Anil Luther
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Exit Site ◽  
Duration Of Therapy ◽  
Tunnel Infection ◽  
Few Data

Fungal infection is an extremely rare etiology of exit-site and tunnel infection in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). There are few data available regarding its management—especially choice of antifungals, duration of therapy, and removal of catheter. There are no guidelines pertaining to reinsertion of the CAPD catheter following fungal exit-site and tunnel infection. This case report highlights Candida albicans as a rare cause of exit-site and tunnel infection of the CAPD catheter. The catheter was removed and the patient received appropriate antifungal therapy followed by reinsertion of the CAPD catheter and re-initiation on CAPD.

scholarly journals Effect of Prophylactic Antifungal Protocols on the Prognosis of Liver Transplantation: A Propensity Score Matching and Multistate Model Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chan Chen ◽  
Ting-Shuo Huang ◽  
Yu-Chao Wang ◽  
Chih-Hsien Cheng ◽  
Chen-Fang Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Antifungal Prophylaxis ◽  
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital ◽  
Multistate Model ◽  
End Stage

Background. Whether routine antifungal prophylaxis decreases posttransplantation fungal infections in patients receiving orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of antifungal prophylaxis for patients receiving OLT.Patients and Methods. This is a retrospective analysis of a database at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. We have been administering routine antibiotic and prophylactic antifungal regimens to recipients with high model for end-stage liver disease scores (>20) since 2009. After propensity score matching, 402 patients were enrolled. We conducted a multistate model to analyze the cumulative hazards, probability of fungal infections, and risk factors.Results. The cumulative hazards and transition probability of “transplantation to fungal infection” were lower in the prophylaxis group. The incidence rate of fungal infection after OLT decreased from 18.9% to 11.4% (p=0.052); overall mortality improved from 40.8% to 23.4% (p<0.001). In the “transplantation to fungal infection” transition, prophylaxis was significantly associated with reduced hazards for fungal infection (hazard ratio: 0.57, 95% confidence interval: 0.34–0.96,p=0.033). Massive ascites, cadaver transplantation, and older age were significantly associated with higher risks for mortality.Conclusion. Prophylactic antifungal regimens in high-risk recipients might decrease the incidence of posttransplant fungal infections.

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