scholarly journals What is the level of uptake of Partner Notification Services in HIV testing  in Selected Health Facilities in Muranga County – Kenya; a retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rewel Kariuki ◽  
Gilbert Koome Rithaa ◽  
Oyugi Elvis ◽  
Daniel Gachathi
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Partner Notification ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Identification ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: Identification of people living with HIV is key in HIV prevention and control. Partner Notification service is a World Health Organization backed strategy of reaching out to sexual partners of people diagnosed with HIV for HIV testing. However, its adoption and success rate in Kenya remains unknown.Methods: A cross sectional facility based study was undertaken in five purposively selected health facilities in Muranga County, Kenya. A retrospective review of patient medical records data for HIV positive index clients and their Sexual Partners conducted. Census approach applied to extract data for study subjects from Partner Notification Service registers for the period covering January 2017 to August 2018. Epi Info software was used for data analysis.Results: A total of 183 index clients offered Partner notification services. The mean age of the indexed clients studied was 39(SD ±13.1). Females comprised 64 % of clients studied. Of the 183 indexed clients, 89% accepted the services and elicited 216 sexual partners for tracing. The ratio of elicited sexual partners to index client was 1.3:1. Out of the 216 sexual partners, 77% were reached and tested. A total of 46 [32%] of the sexual partners elicited and traced, tested HIV positive. The most preferred approaches were provider referral (51%) and contract referral (45%). Dual referral (4%) was the least preferred approach. Conclusions: Partner notification services is acceptable and an effective strategy of increasing HIV case identification and raising awareness to exposed sexual partners in low resource countries.

scholarly journals What is the level of uptake of Partner Notification Services in HIV testing in Selected Health Facilities in Gatanga Sub County, Muranga County – Kenya; a retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rewel Kariuki ◽  
Gilbert Koome Rithaa ◽  
Oyugi Elvis ◽  
Daniel Gachathi
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Partner Notification ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Identification ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: Identification of people living with HIV is key in HIV prevention and control. Partner Notification service is a World Health Organization backed strategy of reaching out to sexual partners of people diagnosed with HIV for HIV testing. However, its adoption and success rate in Kenya remains unknown.Methods: A cross sectional facility based study was undertaken in five purposely selected health facilities in Gatanga Sub county, Muranga County, Kenya. A retrospective review of patient medical records data for HIV positive index clients and their Sexual Partners conducted. Census approach was applied to extract data for study subjects from Partner Notification Services registers for the period covering January 2017 to August 2018. Epi Info software was used for data analysis.Results: A total of 183 index clients were offered Partner notification services. The mean age of the indexed clients studied was 39(SD ±13.1). Females comprised 64 % of clients studied. Of the 183 indexed clients, 89% accepted the services and elicited 216 sexual partners for tracing. The ratio of elicited sexual partners to index client was 1.3:1. Out of the 216 sexual partners, 77% were reached and tested. A total of 46 [32%] of the sexual partners elicited and traced, tested HIV positive. The most preferred approaches were provider referral (51%) and contract referral (45%). Dual referral (4%) was the least preferred approach. Conclusions: Assisted Partner notification services is acceptable and an effective strategy of increasing HIV case identification and raising awareness to exposed sexual partners in low resource countries.

scholarly journals What is the level of uptake of Partner Notification Services in HIV testing  in Selected Health Facilities in Muranga County – Kenya; a retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rewel Kariuki ◽  
Gilbert Koome Rithaa ◽  
Oyugi Elvis ◽  
Daniel Gachathi
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Partner Notification ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Identification ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: Identification of people living with HIV is key in HIV prevention and control. Partner Notification service is a World Health Organization backed strategy of reaching out to sexual partners of people diagnosed with HIV for HIV testing. However, its adoption and success rate in Kenya remains unknown. Methods: A cross sectional facility based study was undertaken in five purposively selected health facilities in Muranga County, Kenya. A retrospective review of patient medical records data for HIV positive index clients and their Sexual Partners conducted. Census approach applied to extract data for study subjects from Partner Notification Service registers for the period covering January 2017 to August 2018. Epi Info software was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 183 index clients offered Partner notification services. The mean age of the indexed clients studied was 39(SD ±13.1). Females comprised 64 % of clients studied. Of the 183 indexed clients, 89% accepted the services and elicited 216 sexual partners for tracing. The ratio of elicited sexual partners to index client was 1.3:1. Out of the 216 sexual partners, 77% were reached and tested. A total of 46 [32%] of the sexual partners elicited and traced, tested HIV positive. The most preferred approaches were provider referral (51%) and contract referral (45%). Dual referral (4%) was the least preferred approach. Conclusions: Partner notification services is acceptable and an effective strategy of increasing HIV case identification and raising awareness to exposed sexual partners in low resource countries.

scholarly journals Kondisi Psikologi, Sosial, dan Spiritual pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS Selama Pengobatan Antiretroviral di Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS Kota Bogor Tahun 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ervan Meidan Ariatama ◽  
Titik Respati ◽  
Eka Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Aids Prevention ◽  
World Health ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Organization Quality ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Penyakit HIV/AIDS selain mengakibatkan dampak kesehatan dapat juga mengakibatkan dampak negatif terhadap psikologi, sosial, dan spiritual pada kualitas hidup orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA). Antiretroviral (ARV) merupakan obat penghambat proses replikasi HIV yang merupakan solusi untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan harapan hidup penderita. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan kondisi psikologi, sosial, dan spiritual ODHA selama menjalani pengobatan ARV di Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS (KPA) Kota Bogor periode bulan Agustus–September 2019. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode observasi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data diambil menggunakan kuesioner World Health Organization Quality of Life-HIV Instrument (WHOQOL-HIV Instrument) yang terdiri atas 120 pertanyaan dan terbagi menjadi 6 domain (psikologi, sosial, spiritual, fisik, lingkungan hidup, dan tingkat kebebasan). Pada penelitian ini hanya diambil 3 domain, yaitu psikologi, sosial, dan spiritual dengan jumlah pertanyaan 52 butir yang dibagikan kepada 80 responden dan dilaksanakan selama bulan Agustus sampai bulan September 2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan non-probability sampling jenis consecutive sampling berdasar atas rumus besar estimasi proporsi dengan presisi absolut. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas kondisi psikologi, sosial, dan spiritual ODHA selama pengobatan antiretroviral di KPA Kota Bogor tahun 2019 dalam kondisi baik dengan persentase kondisi psikologi 96%, sosial 99%, dan spiritual 70%. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah kondisi psikologi, sosial, dan spiritual pada ODHA di Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS Kota Bogor tahun 2019 mayoritas dalam kondisi baik, walaupun kondisi spiritual ODHA masih terdapat hasil kurang baik. PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIAL, AND SPIRITUAL CONDITIONS IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS DURING ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT AT THE AIDS PREVENTION COMMISSION AT BOGOR CITY IN 2019Apart from having an impact on health, HIV/AIDS can also have a negative psychological, social, and spiritual impact on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Antiretroviral (ARV) as drugs that inhibits the process of replication of HIV, which is a solution to improve the quality of life and life expectancy of patients. The purpose of this study was to describe the psychological, social, and spiritual conditions of PLWHA during ARV treatment at the AIDS Prevention Commission in Bogor City in August to September 2019. The study was a cross-sectional study. The research material consisted of primary data taken using the World Health Organization-Quality Instrument HIV questionnaire (WHOQOL-HIV Instrument) consisting of 120 questions and divided into six domains (psychological, social, spiritual, physical, environment, degree of freedom). However, in this study, only three domains studied, which are psychological, social, and spiritual, with 52 questions and then distributed to 80 respondents and carried out from August to September. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling type consecutive sampling based on large formula of proportion estimation with absolute precision. Results showed the psychological, social, and spiritual condition of PLWHA during antiretroviral treatment at the Bogor City AIDS Commission in 2019 shows a good condition. The majority of good psychological, social, and spiritual domain experienced by 96%, 99%, and 70% of respondents, respectively. The conclusion of this research is the psychological, social, and spiritual conditions of PLWHA in the Bogor AIDS prevention commission in 2019 in the good conditions, even though there was a spiritual condition of ODHA that was still not good.

scholarly journals Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Elderly PLHIV Attending a Tertiary Care Center in South India

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 620-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Madi ◽  
Neha Ramakrishnan ◽  
Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan ◽  
John Ramapuram ◽  
Basavaprabhu Achappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Route Of Transmission

Background: Physicians are coming across a considerable number of HIV-positive patients belonging to older age-group, in practice. They pose a challenge as they might present with advanced forms and comorbid conditions. We aimed to describe the clinicoepidemiological profile of elderly people living with HIV. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study at Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. We analyzed the record of 120 patients from 2009 to 2014. Descriptive statistics were used to describe sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients. Results: Of 786 HIV-positive patients, 120 were elderly. Mean age was 55.9 ± 6.1 years. Majority 68% were male. In all, 63.33% were male. Commonest route of transmission was heterosexual intercourse, most presented at World Health Organization (WHO) stage 1 (64.17%). In all, 77.5% had hypertension and 26.6% had tuberculosis. The median CD4 count at presentation was 245 cells/mm3 (145-426 cells/mm3). Forty-two percent were late presenters (CD4 <200 cells/mm3). Conclusion: Treating physician should have a high index of suspicion in diagnosing HIV among elderly age-group.

scholarly journals Outcome of HIV Partner Notification Service Among People Living With HIV Infection in North-Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Partner Notification ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Hiv Testing Services ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Index Cases

Introduction: According to the Nigeria National HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey (NAIIS) conducted in 2018 but released in 2019 the current HIV prevalence in Nigeria is 1.4% among adults aged 15–49 years. This implies that there are about 1.9 million people living with HIV in Nigeria. Yet the percentage of Nigerians that had access to HIV counselling and testing services was just 37% in 2018 and about 46.9% of PLHIV aged 15-64 years knew their HIV status according to NAIIS 2018 report. . To improve on the HIV testing coverage, HIV testing services programming must be focused on utilizing strategies that maximise efficiency while expanding access to accurate, high-quality services. One of such strategies is to prioritise index case testing services for sexual partners of index clients. Partner Notification Services (PNS) Partner HIV Testing service is a type of index case testing among sexual network of an index case. Methods: Partner Notification Services (PNS) is a voluntary process where sexual partners of HIV-infected persons are contacted, counselled and are offered HIV test administered by a trained counselor. Each infected contact can then become the starting point for new contact tracing, until no more contacts can be found. This study was a retrospective review of the hospital records of HIV positive clients who participated in the HIV partner notification services. Results: A total of 705 HIV patients (Female-68%, Male-32%) enrolled in care at the two centers accessed the HIV partner notification services (PNS). These index cases were counselled and brought their 719 sexual partners to the hospitals for HIV testing. About 27% of the sexual partners were HIV infected and 71% were HIV negative while 2% were of unknown HIV status because they did not take the HIV test. Viral load suppression rate was about 48% among the index cases., more female are virally suppressed than men (71% vs 29%). About 100% of the index with suppressed viral load had one sexual partner while for index cases with unsuppressed viral load 80% had one sexual partner, 19% had two sexual partners and 1% had 3 sexual partners. The frequency of unmarried sexual partners was higher among index cases with suppressed viral load (22%) compared with index cases with unsuppressed viral load (36%). Surprisingly, incidence of HIV infection was higher at 36% among partners of index cases with suppressed viral load when compared with HIV incidence of 11% among partners of index with unsuppressed viral load. Conclusion and Recommendations: Uptake of PNS was 100% among index cases while 98% of their sexual contacts received HIV testing services. This shows PNS as a very effective strategy in increasing HIV testing services. Likewise, the HIV testing yield of 27% was higher than the yield from routine walk-in clients at the centers. It is therefore recommended that PNS be the standard of care at all centers offering HIV testing services

scholarly journals Post-Cesarean Section Maternal Health Outcome and its Determinants in Tigray Regional State, North Ethiopia.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mebrahtu Abay ◽  
Welay Gebremariam ◽  
Mirkuzie Woldie Kurie ◽  
Haileselassie Berhane ◽  
Abraham Mengstu
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maternal Outcome ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Referral Status

Abstract Back ground Cesarean section rate is increasing worldwide. However, the World Health Organization has declared that there is insufficient information on maternal outcome following cesarean section for decision making.Objective The aim of this study was to assess post cesarean section maternal outcome and its associated factors availing evidence for practice and policy.Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 357 mothers who underwent cesarean section in six selected public general hospitals of Tigray regional State, Ethiopia. Mothers were followed for the duration of post-operative period until they became safe for discharge. The maternal outcomes were categorized into either adverse or good outcomes depending on whether mothers develop any cesarean section related morbidity or not. Logistic regression model was constructed to determine the AOR and 95% CI of independent factors associated with maternal outcome following cesarean section.Results The proportion of adverse maternal outcome was 19.3% with 95% CI of (15.7% -23.8%). Route of anesthesia administration (AOR = 0.296, 95% CI: 0.126 - 0.695) and referral status (AOR = 0.371, 95%CI: 0.214 - 0.641) were statistically significant factors associated with maternal outcome following cesarean section.Conclusion There was high proportion of adverse maternal outcome. General anesthesia and referral from lower health facilities were associated with higher risk of post-CS adverse maternal outcome. Equipping lower level health facilities with the human and material capacity for timely detection of CS indications and provision of cesarean section services could decrease the number of referrals and subsequent delays that lead to adverse maternal outcome.

scholarly journals A comparative study of drug prescribing indicators in various hospitals of West Bengal, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2063
Author(s):  
Arijit Ghosh ◽  
Anjan Adhikari ◽  
Rania Indu ◽  
Srijita Ghosh ◽  
Santosh Banik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescribing Indicators ◽  
Rational Therapy ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Rational use of drugs is essential to ensure safety and welfare of patients. Thus, prescription audits are conducted to monitor the practice of writing prescriptions. Various standard parameters have been rationalized by World Health Organization (WHO) in order to regulate drug utilization, globally. Present study aimed to compare the pattern of prescriptions generated in different healthcare centres of West Bengal.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the inpatient and outpatient departments of RG Kar Medical College, Kolkata, in order to evaluate the prescriptions. Literature was also surveyed with the keywords “prescription audit”, “West Bengal”, to extract data on prescription audits conducted in various other hospitals of West Bengal. The WHO prescribing indicators of all these health facilities were then compared to estimate the rationality of drug prescribed by different physicians.Results: Seven published reports of prescription audits were published from the period of 2013 to 2017, the distribution being- 2 health facilities from Kolkata, 2 from Burdwan, 1 each from Bankura, Murshidabad and North Bengal. WHO standards were not strictly followed by any of the hospitals. Polypharmacy level were higher in all the hospitals. Drugs were mostly prescribed from the essential medicine list (EML).Conclusions: Present study clearly indicated that it is essential to improve these parameters for most of the healthcare centres in order to prevent irrational use of drugs. Prescription audits should also be implemented regularly so that the patients can receive better treatment at minimum cost with suitable rational therapy.

scholarly journals South African HIV self-testing policy and guidance considerations

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Venter ◽  
Mohammed Majam ◽  
Lauren Jankelowitz ◽  
Siraaj Adams ◽  
Michelle Moorhouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
South African ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Partner Notification ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Hiv Testing Services ◽  
Health Organization

The gap in HIV testing remains significant and new modalities such as HIV self-testing (HIVST) have been recommended to reach key and under-tested populations. In December 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) released the Guidelines on HIV Self-Testing and Partner Notification: A Supplement to the Consolidated Guidelines on HIV Testing Services (HTS) and urged member countries to develop HIVST policy and regulatory frameworks. In South Africa, HIVST was included as a supplementary strategy in the National HIV Testing Services Policy in 2016, and recently, guidelines for HIVST were included in the South African National Strategic Plan for HIV, sexually transmitted infections and tuberculosis 2017–2022. This document serves as an additional guidance for the National HIV Testing Services Policy 2016, with specific focus on HIVST. It is intended for policy advocates, clinical and non-clinical HTS providers, health facility managers and healthcare providers in private and public health facilities, non-governmental, community-based and faith-based organisations involved in HTS and outreach, device manufacturers, workplace programmes and institutes of higher education.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Risk in People Living with HIV: Comparison of Four Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Algorithms

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Abdou Razak Moukaila ◽  
Edem Komi Mossi ◽  
Nouroudine Amadou ◽  
Komi Dzidzonu Nemi ◽  
Mouhaman-Inouwa Kpelafia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hiv Drugs ◽  
Living With Hiv

Introduction: The objective of our study was to evaluate, in a population of Togolese People Living With HIV (PLWHIV), the agreement between three scores derived from the general population namely the Framingham score, the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), the evaluation of the cardiovascular risk (CVR) according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the CVR evaluation equation derived from the Data collection on Adverse effects of anti-HIV Drugs (D.A.D). Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study including 212 HIV-infected patients recruited from the day hospital of the Infectious Diseases Department of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital. The level of agreement between the different scores was estimated using the Pearson correlation test and the Cohen Kappa coefficient.

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