scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Yield and its Attributes in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L. Em. Thell) Under Irrigated and Rainfed Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Chaudhary ◽  
Swati ◽  
Kuldeep Nagar ◽  
Richa Dhyani
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Rainfed Condition ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Additive Gene

Abstract Experiments were conducted to study the genetics and combining ability for yield and its attributes under Irrigated (E1) and Rainfed (E2) conditions using F1 hybrids derived from Line X Tester mating design by crossing eleven lines with three testers. Significant differences were observed among all the genotypes for all the traits in both E1 and E2 environments as well as in pooled analysis. The σ2gca/σ2sca ratio indicated predominance of non-additive gene action for all the characters in both environments. Therefore, this component of variance can be utilize in breeding programme through exploitation of heterosis and the selection process for identification of superior plant type should be postponed to further generations like F4 or F5. VL3001 and KACHU*2//WHEAR/SOKOLL was identified as good general combiner in irrigated condition (E1) and in rainfed condition (E2), respectively for maximum number of traits. Parent VL3001 was also identified as good general combiner for maximum number of traits in case of pooled analysis. Cross BECARD/KACHU × WH1080, BOW/VEE/5/ND/VG9144//KAL/BBB/YACO/4/CHIL/6/CASKOR/3/… × WH1080 and C306 × WH1142 was identified as good specific combination for maximum number of traits in irrigated condition (E1), rainfed condition (E2) and in pooled analysis, respectively.

scholarly journals VARIASI GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, TINDAK GEN DAN KEMAJUAN GENETIK KEDELAI (Glycine max Merrill) PADA ULTISOL

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suprapto Suprapto ◽  
Narimah Md Kairudin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Broadsense Heritability

Information on genetic variation, heritability, gene action and genetic advance were important in the development of soybean varieties adapted on Ultisol. The objective of this experiment was to estimate genetic variation, hertability, gene action and genetic advance from the populaton used in breeding program. Six genotypes, i.e Dempo, Cikuray, Davros, Orba, Sindoro and Wilis were intercrossed using diallel Griffings’ Method 2 Model 1 (1956). These six genotypes and 15 F1  hybrids were planted on Ultisol using randomized complete block design with three replications located in Medan Baru village, Bengkulu city in 1999. The results of this experiment revealed that all traits showed low to high genetic variation, high broadsense heritability, low to high narrowsense heritability and genetic advance. Date of flowering and root length were fully controlled by additive gene action, however harvest index was fully controlled by   negative dominant gene action and epistasis. Other traits were controlled by positive and negative partially dominant, and positive overdominant  genes. 

Genetic analysis of partial rust resistance in faba beans

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Stoddard ◽  
I. H. M. H. B. Herath
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Transgressive Segregation ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Disease Score ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Cytoplasmic Effects ◽  
Female Line ◽  
Additive Gene

Five parent populations of faba bean, differing in reaction to rust disease, were crossed to prepare a complete diallel of F1 hybrids. Detached leaves of the parents and F1 hybrids were challenged with 3 Australian rust populations and symptom development was monitored from 11 to 16 days after inoculation, using a disease score related to the percentage of leaf area covered with pustules, and a nominal value for pustule size. Additive gene action was very important in determining the response to rust disease, with ILB 3025 and ILB 3107 having similar low disease scores, Fiord and Acc 327 having high values, and Icarus an intermediate value. Cytoplasmic effects were also critical, with ILB 3025 having the most susceptible cytoplasm and ILB 3107 the most resistant, and this was most readily detected in terms of the size of the pustule. Heterosis conferred slightly lower disease scores and dominance was significant but of lesser importance than additive gene action, particularly for disease score. Rust population host gene action interactions were significant by the end of the observation period, but were much smaller than the main effects. The hybrid ILB 3107 ILB 3025 had less disease development than either parent, indicating the potential for developing more resistant cultivars using transgressive segregation. ILB 3107 shows particular promise for use as a female line as it had both nuclear and cytoplasmic factors to contribute to the development of resistant cultivars.

Inheritance of kernel protein content in five spring wheat crosses

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Sampson ◽  
D. W. Flynn ◽  
P. Y. Jui
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Normal Frequency ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Kernel Protein

Kernel protein content was determined in the F4 and F6 generations, grown in 1976 and 1977, of five crosses of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using infrared reflectance spectroscopy. All crosses showed continuous variation in percent protein with more or less normal frequency distributions between the two parents. Progeny means were slightly lower than the midparent values in most crosses and significantly so in the cross between the two high protein parents. The ranks of the midparent values were excellent predictors of the ranks of the progeny means. Heritability in standard units, based on intergeneration correlations, ranged from 0.25 to 0.50. These results suggest additive gene action by at least two minor genes whose individual segregation patterns were masked by larger environmental and error variances. Epistatic effects are postulated to account for the lower mean protein in the high × high cross. Two of the five crosses showed significant correlations between kernel hardness and protein content of r = 0.22 and 0.25 in the F4 but these were negative and not significant in the F6.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Tomato Hybrids and Inbred Lines for Fruit Quality Traits

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 609
Author(s):  
Ilias D. Avdikos ◽  
Rafail Tagiakas ◽  
Pavlos Tsouvaltzis ◽  
Ioannis Mylonas ◽  
Ioannis N. Xynias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

Tomato is one of the most consumed fruit vegetables globally and is a high dietary source of minerals, fiber, carotenoids, and vitamin C. The tomato is also well known for its nutraceutical chemical content which strengthens human immune systems and is protective against infectious and degenerative diseases. For this reason, there has been recent emphasis on breeding new tomato cultivars with nutraceutical value. Most of the modern tomato cultivars are F1 hybrids, and many of the characteristics associated with fruit quality have additive gene action; so, in theory, inbred vigor could reach hybrid vigor. A sum of 20 recombinant lines was released from the commercial single-cross hybrids Iron, Sahara, Formula, and Elpida, through a breeding process. Those recombinant lines were evaluated during spring–summer 2015 under organic farming conditions in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) experimental design with three replications. A sum of eleven qualitative characteristics of the fruit was recorded on an individual plant basis. Results from this study indicated that the simultaneous selection of individual tomato plants, both in terms of their high yield and desired fruit quality characteristics, can lead to highly productive recombinant lines with integrated quality characteristics. So, inbred vigor can reach and even surpass hybrid vigor. The response to selection for all characteristics evaluated shows additive gene action of all characteristics measured. These recombinant lines can fulfill this role as alternatives to hybrid cultivars and those that possess high nutritional values to function as functional-protective food.

scholarly journals Genetic control of characters associated with bean golden mosaic geminivirus resistance in Phaseolus vulgaris L.

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Alberto Pessoni ◽  
Maria José de O. Zimmermann ◽  
Josias Corrêa de Faria
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene

Bean golden mosaic is the most important viral disease of the bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Latin America. The genetics of resistance to a Brazilian strain of bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV), was studied in a 4 x 4 diallel cross without reciprocals, among the parental genotypes DOR 303, EMGOPA 201 Ouro, Carnaval, and Redlands Greenleaf C. Seedlings of the four parents, six F1 hybrids, 12 backcrosses, and F2 generations for each combination were inoculated on the eighth day after sowing by exposure to a viruliferous whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) population for 24 h, in a glasshouse, prior to transplantation to field conditions. The full set of two parents, F1, F2 and respective backcrosses for each combination was considered to be a family. Data were recorded and analyzed for foliar yellowing, plant dwarfing, and pod malformation, using a randomized block design, with two replications. Weighted generation mean analysis was performed for each of the six families. An additive gene action model was significant for the three characteristics evaluated. On the other hand, non-additive gene action had greater absolute value in most cases. Resistance to foliar yellowing conferred by genes from DRO 303 was highly heritable and was expressed equally well in the different genetic backgrounds evaluated. Such resistance may be oligogenic. Broad- and narrow-sense heritabilities were relatively high for all response traits. The three traits studied were all positively correlated, indicating that they can be simultaneously selected for enhancement. The highest correlation coefficient was obtained for dwarfing x pod malformation.

scholarly journals GGE biplot analysis of Line by tester for seed yield and its attributes in sunflower

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Ali Abdelsatar ◽  
M A Attia ◽  
A A Abeer
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Economic Trait ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Better Than

Nine genetically diverse sunflower promising lines in their economic trait were crossed using line by tester mating design in 2018 spring season, to estimate per se performance, combining ability, heterosis, gene action and heritability for earliness, yield and its attributes traits. The parents involved four sunflower CMS lines namely L1 (A3), L2 (A5), L3 (A9) and L4 (A13) (called hereafter “Lines” (as female parents) and five sunflower genotypes T1 (RF9), T2 (RF10), T3 (RF11), T4 (RF14) and T5 (RF1) as male parents (called hereafter “Tester”). In 2018 and 2019 summer season, the nine parents along with their 20 F1s seeds were evaluated at Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station, ARC, Sohag Governorate, Egypt using a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Mean squares due to parents (P), crosses (C), CMS lines (L), RF testers (T), P vs C and L x T were significant for all studied traits. A larger magnitude of non-additive gene action than additive was revealed by greater ratios (GCA/ SCA) than unity for all studied traits (except for days to 50% flowering). A5 and A13 of CMS lines and RF11 and RF14 of RF lines proved to be the best general combiners for seed weight plant-1 and one or more of its attributes traits. Moreover, the best cross combinations A13 x RF11, A13 x RF1 and A5 x RF9 performed better than other developed hybrids in view of seed weight plant-1 and one or more of its attributes, hence these F1 hybrids could further be used on commercial exploitation.

scholarly journals Combining ability between common bean gene groups for root distribution trait

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Cerutti ◽  
Sibila Grigolo ◽  
Rita Carolina de Melo ◽  
Ana Carolina da Costa Lara Fioreze ◽  
Altamir Frederico Guidolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Reciprocal Effect ◽  
Gene Group ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Additive Gene

ABSTRACT When different gene groups are combined by hybridization, the expression of predominant genes for a trait must be known. This understanding is fundamental to the decisions made by breeders in the stages of cultivation and selection of segregating populations during the breeding program. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of combining ability and gene action for the root distribution traits of the Andean and Mesoamerican common bean gene groups. Six common bean parents from the Andean and Mesoamerican groups were hybridized in a complete diallel mating scheme, resulting in 30 F1 hybrids. The parents and hybrids were planted in the field in a simple lattice design. The target trait was root distribution, calculated as the relative number of roots in the topsoil. The effect of the general combining ability was significantly higher than that of the specific combining ability (58%) and the reciprocal effect (41%). Particularly, the combination estimates were modified according to the order of the gene groups used. The combinations IPR Uirapuru x BAF53 (Mesoamerican x Andean), BAF53 x CBS14 (Andean x Andean), and CBS14 x IPR Uirapuru (Andean x Mesoamerican) mainly exhibited an increase in the mean root distribution. However, the highest fraction of genetic variance correlated with additive components (60%), even in crosses involving different gene groups. Consequently, the additive gene action was predominant in the expression of root distribution trait in common bean, irrespective of the gene group used.

scholarly journals The Effects of Combining Ability for Yield Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Sodic Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Durgesh Kumar Shukla ◽  
S. N. Singh ◽  
S. C. Gaur ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Positive Effect

Information on combining ability is derived from data on twelve yield and yield contributing characters in fifteen male and three female parents utilised in line x tester fashion to estimate combining ability of rice genotypes under coastal saline condition. Forty Five hybrids generated from crossing three lines with fifteen testers were studied along with their parents for combining ability and gene action involved in the expression of characters in rice. The gca and sca effects were significant for all the characters. The magnitude of sca variance was higher than the gca variance for all the characters revealed the presence of predominance of non-additive gene action for all the characters under study. Halchal (-12.29) was found to be good general combiners for days to 50% flowering and early maturity, Halchal (-13.39). However, IR-24 (1.88) was good general combiners with significant positive effect for tallness. Magic (-12.05) good general combiners for dwarfness and Shriram 434 (1.57) was good general combiners for test weight however, Moti was best general combiner with gca estimates of 7.07 for harvest index and Kuber (3.48) was the good general combiners for yield/hill. Cross combinations RHR 27 x IR 24 (4.04) was significant and positive effect for yield/hill, performance for ear bearing tillers per plant were RHR 27 x IR 24 (1.88). In general, the crosses showing significant and desirable combining ability effects were associated with better per se performance for the respective traits. These hybrids could be utilized in heterosis breeding to exploit hybrid vigour.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Variability for Agro-Morphological Important Traits in Aman Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Golam Sarwar ◽  
Md. Sarowar Hossain ◽  
Md.Harun -Ur- Rashid ◽  
Shahanaz Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability

The present study was conducted in the experimental farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka during July 2013-December2013. The analysis of variance revealed significant deviation for all the characters studied and indicated the existence of variation among thegenotypes. The PCV values were slightly higher than the respective GCV values for all the characters except unfilled grains per panicleindicating that the characters were less influenced by the environment. Total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, filled grains per panicle,unfilled grains per panicle and yield per plant showed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance percentage of mean which indicatedthe preponderance of additive gene action and such characters could be improved through selection. High heritability along with low geneticadvance as percentage of mean was found for plant height, days to 50% flowering, panicle length, days to maturity and thousand grains weightwhich indicated the non additive gene action for expression of these characters. Considering the genetic parameters and other agronomicperformances, the genotypes Special from AL-29, AL-36, PP-4B(i), AL-17(iii)B, AL-17(iii), AL-17(ii)A, Special from-129, Special from17(iv), AL-44(i), AL-17, Special from AL-36(D), PP-48, IR-25B, Special from AL-33, IR-25B (Tall), P-5B (ii) might be considered betterparents for future hybridization programme.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i1.11896    Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 3(1): 73-79 

scholarly journals Assessment of Combining Ability Effects for several Yield and Quality Traits in a Complete Diallel Cross of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-524
Author(s):  
Sorin CIULCA ◽  
Natalia CARP ◽  
Emilian MADOŞA ◽  
Adriana CIULCA ◽  
Radu ŞUMĂLAN
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Additive Gene

Information on the inheritance of yield and quality traits is important for the selection of parents and breeding approaches to be adopted for the improvement of strawberry. The present study aimed to estimate the combining ability and gene effects for plant yield, fruits number/plant, fruit weight, pulp firmness and sugar content of strawberries in order to identify the best genitors and promising crosses, in 30 hybrids of six parents. The additive and non-additive gene action as well as the maternal effects was involved in the inheritance of the studied traits. For all traits, especially for fruit weight and plant yield, the additive gene action was more important than the non-additive one. The parents ‘A1’ and ‘Alba’ showed a higher concentration of favourable alleles for plant yield and fruits number, and they will allow the increase of plant yield when used as a donor of pollen and the increase of fruit number when used as a recipient of pollen. The variety ‘Marmolada’ was a good general combiner for sugar content, pulp firmness and fruit weight, especially when used as a female genitor. These parents could be used in hybridization in order to accelerate the genetic improvement of some yield and quality traits in strawberries. The cross ‘Mira’ × ‘Onda’ expressed desirable specific combining ability effects for yield traits and can be successfully use in strawberries breeding programs. In the case of ‘Alba’ × ‘Clery’ there is a high probability to select progenies with valuable yield traits associated with sweet fruits.

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