scholarly journals Characteristics and Prognosis of Antibody Non-Responders with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
JunYu Ding ◽  
Changxin Liu ◽  
Zhao Wang ◽  
Hua Guo ◽  
Kan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Virus Clearance ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts

Abstract Background：The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading globally. The information regarding the characteristics and prognosis of antibody non-responders with COVID-19 is scarce.Method: In this retrospective, single-center study, we included all the patients with confirmed COVID-19 using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) admitted to the Fire God Mountain hospital from February 3, 2020, to April 14, 2020. A total of 1921 patients were divided into the antibody-negative group (n=94) and antibody-positive group (n=1827), and the 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was used to match two groups.Results: In the antibody negative group, 40 patients (42.6%) were male, 54 patients (57.4%) were female, and 49 patients (52.1%) were older than 65 years old. Cough was the most common symptoms in the antibody negative group. White blood cell counts (WBC) 6.6×109/L [5.0, 9.1], Neutrophils 4.3×109/L [3.1, 6.6], C-reactive protein 7.3 mg/L [1.3, 49.0], Procalcitonin (PCT) 0.1 ng/mL [0.0, 0.2], Interleukin-6 (IL-6) 64.2 [1.5, 28.7], Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 193.8 U/L [154.9,260.6], Creatine kinase 60.5 U/L [40.5, 103.7], Creatine kinase isoenzyme 10.3 ng/mL [8.2, 14.5], Urea nitrogen 5.3 mmol/L [4.0, 8.7] and Creatinine 77.7 μmol/L [60.6, 98.7] were significantly higher in antibody negative patients than in antibody positive group (P<0.005). The days of nucleic acid negative conversion in the antibody negative group was shorter than that in the antibody positive group (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the hospitalization time of antibody negative patients was shorter than that of antibody positive patients (8.0 [6.0, 10.0] VS 13.0 [8.2, 23.0], P < 0.001).Conclusion: Some COVID-19 patients without specific antibodies had mild symptoms, but the inflammatory reaction caused by innate clinical immunity was more intense than those with antibodies, and the virus was cleared faster. The production of specific antibodies was unnecessary for SARS-CoV-2 clearance, and non-specific immune responses played an essential role in virus clearance.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON HOST FACTORS IN PNEUMOCOCCUS INFECTIONS

1934 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Goodner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Type I ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

The power of specific antipneumococcus serum to protect rabbits against infection with Type I Pneumococcus has been studied with reference to the capacity of the animal to utilize the specific antibodies. Under conditions ensuring relatively controlled genetic factors it was found that heavier animals and those with high white blood cell counts are much better able to utilize the passively conferred immune principles. The interrelationships of the extrinsic and intrinsic factors responsible for immunity have been discussed.

scholarly journals Role of C-Reactive Protein, White Blood Cell Counts, Bilirubin Levels, and Imaging in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis as a Cause of Right Iliac Fossa Pain

Cureus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shetty Sushruth ◽  
Chellappa Vijayakumar ◽  
Krishnamachari Srinivasan ◽  
Nagarajan Raj Kumar ◽  
Gopal Balasubramaniyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Right Iliac Fossa Pain ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts

scholarly journals Combined C-Reactive Protein and Novel Inflammatory Parameters as a Predictor in Cancer—What Can We Learn from the Hematological Experience?

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øystein Bruserud ◽  
Helene Hersvik Aarstad ◽  
Tor Henrik Anderson Tvedt
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts

The acute phase reaction is a systemic response to acute or chronic inflammation. The serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP) is the only acute phase biomarker widely used in routine clinical practice, including its uses for prognostics and therapy monitoring in cancer patients. Although Interleukin 6 (IL6) is a main trigger of the acute phase reactions, a series of acute phase reactants can contribute (e.g., other members in IL6 family or IL1 subfamily, and tumor necrosis factor α). However, the experience from patients receiving intensive chemotherapy for hematological malignancies has shown that, besides CRP, other biomarkers (e.g., cytokines, soluble cytokine receptors, soluble adhesion molecules) also have altered systemic levels as a part of the acute phase reaction in these immunocompromised patients. Furthermore, CRP and white blood cell counts can serve as a dual prognostic predictor in solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Recent studies also suggest that biomarker profiles as well as alternative inflammatory mediators should be further developed to optimize the predictive utility in cancer patients. Finally, the experience from allogeneic stem cell transplantation suggests that selected acute phase reactants together with specific markers of organ damages are useful for predicting or diagnosing graft versus host disease. Acute phase proteins may also be useful to identify patients (at risk of) developing severe immune-mediated toxicity after anticancer immunotherapy. To conclude, future studies of acute phase predictors in human malignancies should not only investigate the conventional inflammatory mediators (e.g., CRP, white blood cell counts) but also combinations of novel inflammatory parameters with specific markers of organ damages.

scholarly journals Viscum pleurodesis is as effective as talc pleurodesis and tends to have less adverse effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 5463-5467 ◽  
Author(s):  
YongJin Chang ◽  
DeogGon Cho ◽  
KyuDo Cho ◽  
MinSeop Cho
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Malignant Pleural Effusion ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Chemical Pleurodesis ◽  
Talc Pleurodesis ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts

Abstract Purpose Many patients diagnosed with advanced cancer have malignant pleural effusion that does not respond to chemotherapy or radiation therapy. These patients often have respiratory symptoms, especially dyspnea. In order to relieve these symptoms, various procedures including chemical pleurodesis have been performed. Although talc is the most widely used and effective sclerosing agent, there it has various adverse effects. The objective of this study was to determine whether Viscum (ABNOVA Viscum® Fraxini Injection, manufactured by ABNOVA GmbH, Germany) could be used as an agent to replace talc in clinical practice. Methods Data of 56 patients with malignant pleural effusion who received chemical pleurodesis after tube thoracostomy from January 2003 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed to analyze clinical course and response after pleurodesis with each agent. Results After pleurodesis, changes in numeric rating scale (NRS) was 1.4 ± 1.6 in the talc group and 0.5 ± 1.5 in the Viscum group (p = 0.108). Changes in white blood cell counts after pleurodesis were 4154.8 ± 6710.7 in the talc group and 3487.3 ± 6067.7 in the Viscum group (p = 0.702). Changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) were 9.03 ± 6.86 in the talc group and 6.3 ± 7.5 in the Viscum group (p = 0.366). The success rate of pleurodesis was 93.3% in the talc group and 96% in the Viscum group (p = 0.225). Conclusion Viscum pleurodesis showed comparable treatment results with talc pleurodesis while its adverse effects such as chest pain and fever tended to be relatively weak.

The Investigation of JAK2 and C-MPL Mutations of Myeloproliferative Disorders Patiens

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 5261-5261
Author(s):  
Jun Xia ◽  
Yunfeng Shen ◽  
Jianyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Jak2v617f Mutation ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts

Abstract Most studies have shown that JAK2V617F was found in nearly all the patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and half of patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF). However, JAK2 exon 12 mutations in JAK2V61F-negetive PV patiens and MPLW515L/K mutations in IMF patiens implied other pathogenesis in these myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). Two parts were included in our research to investigate the JAK2 and c-MPL mutations of MPD patients. Firstly, to evaluate the JAK2 exon 12 mutations and its clinical significance in patients with PV, polymerase chain reaction was used to amply the region of JAK2 exon 12 and direct sequencing was performed to detect mutations of JAK2 exon 12. Clinical features of the PV patients with JAK2 exon 12 mutations and JAK2V617F mutation were retrospectively reviewed. The results showed that the JAK2 exon 12 mutations were detected in 3 of 12 JAK2V617F-negtive PV patients (25.0%). Three JAK2 exon 12 mutations were H538QK539L, K539L and N542-E543del respectively. The patients carrying the mutations of JAK2 exon 12 displayed higher hemoglobin(223.6±15.0 vs190.3±20.2g/l, P&lt;0.05), lower white blood cell counts (7.8±2.3 vs16.2±6.7 *109/l, P&lt;0.05)compared with JAK2V617F-positive PV patients (n=31). Secondly, allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) and gene sequencing were used to detected JAK2V617F, MPLW515L and four types of JAK2 exon 12 mutations (F537-K539delinsL, H538QK539L, K539L, N542-E543del) in 30 IMF patients. Results showed that 15 of 30 (50.0%) patients had JAK2V617F mutation and 2 of 30 (6.7%) patients had MPLW515L mutation. JAK2 exon 12 mutations were not detected in IMF patients. Literature reviews show that this is the first report of JAK2 and c-MPL mutations in a number of Chinese patients with BCR/ABL-negative MPD. It is concluded that the JAK2 exon 12 mutations exist in PV patient and the patients with JAK2 exon 12 mutations are characterized by isolated erythrocytosis. The frequency of MPLW515L mutations is high in IMF, which supports recent studies.

scholarly journals Clinical Analysis of 9 Cases of Neonatal Influenza A

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlan Zhang ◽  
Lin Xu ◽  
Caiying Wang ◽  
Lin Pang
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
History Of ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Medical University

Abstract Background: The population is generally susceptible to influenza A, while neonatal cases are relatively rare. The study aims to explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of neonates with influenza A.Methods: The clinical data from neonates with influenza A who were treated in the neonatal department of Beijing Ditan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University from November 2017 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Results: A total of 9 neonates with influenza A were admitted and treated, with a distribution of 7 males and 2 females. The onset was 1.44 ± 1.46 days (mean ± SD), and age at diagnosis was 21.44 ±6. 53 days. All cases had a history of exposure to febrile patients, The main symptoms are fever, nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, coughing, other respiratory symptoms and digestive symptoms such as vomiting milk, choking milk, less milk, diarrhea. Laboratory tests showed 7 cases of decreased white blood cell counts, 3 cases of increased plasma C-reactive protein concentrations. All cases were administered antiviral therapy on the day of admission. Eight neonates reverted to a normal temperature within 48 hours after hospitalization, one neonate’s temperature returned to normal after 48 hours of hospitalization, and all cases' symptoms gradually improved.Conclusion: The symptoms of influenza A in neonates are atypical, once a diagnosis is confirmed, the prognosis is likely to be favorable as long as antiviral treatment with antiviral is initiated as soon as possible.

scholarly journals The Relation Between Otolaryngology-Specific Symptoms and Computed Tomography Findings in Ambulatory Care COVID-19 Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132097550
Author(s):  
Hakan Avcı ◽  
Burak Karabulut
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ambulatory Care ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Positive Groups

Objective: This study aimed to conduct a study to evaluate the relation between otolaryngology-specific symptoms and computed tomography findings in ambulatory care COVID-19 patients. Patient and Methods: The study was conducted with medical records of 987 (82%) patients with confirmed COVID-19 virus via real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction between March 11, 2020, and April 21, 2020. Patients were divided into 2 groups as computed tomography (CT)-negative and CT-positive groups considering the presence of the CT findings depicting COVID-19 disease. Results: The mean age was significantly higher in CT-positive group than CT-negative group (41.53 ± 12.82 vs 36.61 ± 11.81, P < .001). Cough and shortness of the breath were observed with a significantly higher rate in CT-positive group than that of CT-negative group (44% vs 29.9%, P = .001 and 18.4% vs 9.7%, P = .002, respectively). Conclusions: In conclusion, advanced age, cough, and shortness of breath could be related to CT scan positivity.

scholarly journals Taste and Smell Impairment in COVID-19: An AAO-HNS Anosmia Reporting Tool-Based Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
İbrahim Sayin ◽  
Kadriye Kart Yaşar ◽  
Zahide Mine Yazici
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Reporting Tool ◽  
Taste And Smell

Objective To identify the taste and smell impairment in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–positive subjects and compare the findings with COVID-19–negative subjects using the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) Anosmia Reporting Tool. Setting Tertiary referral center/COVID-19 pandemic hospital. Study Design Comparative study. Subjects and Methods After power analysis, 128 subjects were divided into 2 groups according to real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) COVID-19 testing results. Subjects were called via telephone, and the AAO-HNS Anosmia Reporting Tool was used to collect responses. Results The mean age of the study group was 38.63 ± 10.08 years. At the time of sampling, rhinorrhea was significantly high in the COVID-19–negative group, whereas those complaints described as “other” were significantly high in the COVID-19–positive group. There was a significant difference in the smell/taste impairment rates of the groups (n = 46% [71.9%] for the COVID-19–positive group vs n = 17 [26.6%] for the COVID-19–negative group, P = .001). For subjects with a smell impairment, anosmia rates did not differ between the groups. The rates of hyposmia and parosmia were significantly high in the COVID-19–positive group. For the subjects with taste impairment, ageusia rates did not differ between groups. The rate of hypogeusia and dysgeusia was significantly high in the COVID-19–positive group. Logistic regression analysis indicates that smell/taste impairment in COVID-19–positive subjects increases the odds ratio by 6.956 (95% CI, 3.16-15.29) times. Conclusion COVID-19–positive subjects are strongly associated with smell/taste impairment.

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