scholarly journals Differential Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Plasma Levels of ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Bini ◽  
Laura D’Erasmo ◽  
Brenno Astiarraga ◽  
Ilenia Minicocci ◽  
Maria Palumbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fat Mass Loss

Abstract Introduction: Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) and 4 (ANGPTL4) are regulators of triglycerides storage and utilization. Bariatric surgery (BS) determines profound changes in adipose tissue composition and energy metabolism. We evaluated the impact of BS on plasma levels of ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4.Method: Twenty-seven morbidly obese subjects with or without type 2 diabetes (T2D) underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and 18 patients with advanced T2D received Biliopancreatic Diversion (BPD). Fasting ANGPTLs levels, insulin sensitivity (evaluated by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp), total bile acids (TBA) and free fatty acids (FFA) were measured at baseline and 1year after surgery.Results: Both surgical procedures resulted in fat mass loss, improved glucose control, and a ~2-fold increase of insulin sensitivity. ANGPTL4 levels decreased significantly with both RYGB (26.6 ± 0.6 to 24.4 ± 0.3 ng/mL, p=0.001) and BPD (27.9 ± 1.5 to 24.0 ± 0.5 ng/mL, p=0.003). In contrast, ANGPTL3 concentrations did not change after RYGB but rose following BPD (225 ± 20 to 300 ± 15 ng/mL, p=0.003). By multiple regression analysis, changes in ANGPTL4 were independently associated with those of blood glucose, p=0.0169) whereas changes in ANGPTL3 after BPD were associated with variations in FFA (p=0.008) and insulin sensitivity (p=0.0427). Discussion: Circulating ANGPTL4 is reduced by BS probably due to the loss of fat mass and improved insulin sensitivity. Conversely, ANGPTL3 levels increased after BPD, presumably because of the metabolic changes induced by the malabsorptive effect of this surgical procedure.

scholarly journals Longitudinal study on the effect of surgical weight loss on beat-to-beat blood pressure variability in patients undergoing bariatric surgery: a study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e050957
Author(s):  
Souha Fares ◽  
Nour-Mounira Z Bakkar ◽  
Ramzi Alami ◽  
Issam Lakkis ◽  
Kamal Badr
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionAlterations in linear and non-linear parameters of beat-to-beat blood pressure variability (BPV) have been shown to predict disease prognosis and distinguish between risk categories in various pathological conditions, independently of average blood pressure levels. Obesity places subjects at elevated risk of vascular diseases, including hypertension, resulting in serious cardiac, respiratory and cerebral events. However, little is known about the status of vascular dynamics in obese and morbidly obese adults.Methods and analysisIn this present quasi-experimental longitudinal study, changes in beat-to-beat BPV, using continuous, non-invasive blood pressure monitoring, in obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery are characterised. The capacity of linear and non-linear measures of BPV to detect differences between hypertensive, prehypertensive and normotensive obese subjects prebariatric and postbariatric surgery are tested. Additionally, potential correlations between beat-to-beat BPV and age, body mass index, gender and comorbidities will be investigated. In parallel, the impact of the unsteady fluctuations of beat-to-beat blood pressure on the dynamic stresses imparted by blood flow on blood vessel walls will be explored. We expect to find altered BPV profiles in hypertensive and prehypertensive subjects as compared with normotensive subjects. We also expect to see differential normalisation in BPV profiles between hypertensive, prehypertensive and normotensive subjects over time.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board at the American University of Beirut (IRB ID: BIO-2018-0040). Study results will be made available to the public through publications in peer-reviewed journals and conference papers and/or presentations.

scholarly journals Human Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue is a Metabolically Active and Insulin-Sensitive Distinct Fat Depot

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 2300-2310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tam T Pham ◽  
Kaisa K Ivaska ◽  
Jarna C Hannukainen ◽  
Kirsi A Virtanen ◽  
Martin E Lidell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue ◽  
Marrow Adipose Tissue ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Fat Depot

Abstract Context Bone marrow (BM) in adult long bones is rich in adipose tissue, but the functions of BM adipocytes are largely unknown. We set out to elucidate the metabolic and molecular characteristics of BM adipose tissue (BMAT) in humans. Objective Our aim was to determine if BMAT is an insulin-sensitive tissue, and whether the insulin sensitivity is altered in obesity or type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Design This was a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Setting The study was conducted in a clinical research center. Patients or Other Participants Bone marrow adipose tissue glucose uptake (GU) was assessed in 23 morbidly obese subjects (9 with T2DM) and 9 healthy controls with normal body weight. In addition, GU was assessed in another 11 controls during cold exposure. Bone marrow adipose tissue samples for molecular analyses were collected from non-DM patients undergoing knee arthroplasty. Intervention(s) Obese subjects were assessed before and 6 months after bariatric surgery and controls at 1 time point. Main Outcome Measure We used positron emission tomography imaging with 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose tracer to characterize GU in femoral and vertebral BMAT. Bone marrow adipose tissue molecular profile was assessed using quantitative RT-PCR. Results Insulin enhances GU in human BMAT. Femoral BMAT insulin sensitivity was impaired in obese patients with T2DM compared to controls, but it improved after bariatric surgery. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed that BMAT was distinct from brown and white adipose tissue. Conclusions Bone marrow adipose tissue is a metabolically active, insulin-sensitive and molecularly distinct fat depot that may play a role in whole body energy metabolism.

scholarly journals Partial restoration of normal intestinal microbiota in morbidly obese women six months after bariatric surgery

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10442
Author(s):  
Jukka Koffert ◽  
Leo Lahti ◽  
Lotta Nylund ◽  
Seppo Salminen ◽  
Jarna C. Hannukainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

We studied the impact of bariatric surgery on the intestinal microbiota of morbidly obese study subjects. A total of 13 morbidly obese women (five of which had type 2 diabetes) and 14 healthy age- and gender-matched controls were recruited and the microbiota composition of fecal samples were determined by using a phylogenetic microarray. Sampling of the patients took place just one month before and 6 months after the operation. Within six months after bariatric surgery, the obese subjects had lost on average a quarter of their weight whereas four of the five of the diabetic subjects were in remission. Bariatric surgery was associated with an increased microbial community richness and Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio. In addition, we observed an increased relative abundance of facultative anaerobes, such as Streptococcus spp., and a reduction in specific butyrate-producing Firmicutes. The observed postoperative alterations in intestinal microbiota reflect adaptation to the changing conditions in the gastrointestinal tract, such as energy restriction and the inability to process fiber-rich foods after bariatric surgery.

scholarly journals Changes in the Composition and Function of Lipoproteins after Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Severe Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1716
Author(s):  
Idoia Genua ◽  
Núria Puig ◽  
Inka Miñambres ◽  
Sonia Benítez ◽  
Pedro Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Ldl Particles ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Lipoprotein Composition ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

The effect of bariatric surgery on lipid profile and the qualitative characteristics of lipoproteins was analyzed in morbidly obese subjects. Thirteen obese patients underwent bariatric surgery. Plasma samples were obtained before surgery and at 6 and 12 months after the intervention. Thirteen healthy subjects comprised the control group. Lipid profile, hsCRP, and the composition and functional characteristics of VLDL, LDL, and HDL were assessed. At baseline, plasma from subjects with obesity had more triglycerides, VLDLc, and hsCRP, and less HDLc than the control group. These levels progressively normalized after surgery, although triglyceride and hsCRP levels remained higher than those in the controls. The main differences in lipoprotein composition between the obese subjects and the controls were increased apoE in VLDL, and decreased cholesterol and apoJ and increased apoC-III content in HDL. The pro-/anti-atherogenic properties of LDL and HDL were altered in the subjects with obesity at baseline compared with the controls, presenting smaller LDL particles that are more susceptible to modification and smaller HDL particles with decreased antioxidant capacity. Bariatric surgery normalized the composition of lipoproteins and improved the qualitative characteristics of LDL and HDL. In summary, patients with obesity present multiple alterations in the qualitative properties of lipoproteins compared with healthy subjects. Bariatric surgery reverted most of these alterations.

scholarly journals Postural Stability in Obese Preoperative Bariatric Patients Using Static and Dynamic Evaluation

Obesity Facts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-513
Author(s):  
Gabriel M. Pagnotti ◽  
Amna Haider ◽  
Ariel Yang ◽  
Kathryn E. Cottell ◽  
Catherine M. Tuppo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Stability ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Tissue Quality ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Globally, 300 million adults have clinical obesity. Heightened adiposity and inadequate musculature secondary to obesity alter bipedal stance and gait, diminish musculoskeletal tissue quality, and compromise neuromuscular feedback; these physiological changes alter stability and increase injury risk from falls. Studies in the field focus on obese patients across a broad range of body mass indices (BMI &#x3e;30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) but without isolating the most morbidly obese subset (BMI ≥40 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). We investigated the impact of obesity in perturbing postural stability in morbidly obese subjects elected for bariatric intervention, harboring a higher-spectrum BMI. <b><i>Subjects and Methods:</i></b> Traditional force plate measurements and stabilograms are gold standards employed when measuring center of pressure (COP) and postural sway. To quantify the extent of postural instability in subjects with obesity before bariatric surgery, we assessed 17 obese subjects with an average BMI of 40 kg/m<sup>2</sup> in contrast to 13 nonobese subjects with an average BMI of 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. COP and postural sway were measured from static and dynamic tasks. Involuntary movements were measured when patients performed static stances, with eyes either opened or closed. Two additional voluntary movements were measured when subjects performed dynamic, upper torso tasks with eyes opened. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Mean body weight was 85% (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) greater in obese than nonobese subjects. Following static balance assessments, we observed greater sway displacement in the anteroposterior (AP) direction in obese subjects with eyes open (87%, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.002) and eyes closed (76%, <i>p</i> = 0.04) versus nonobese subjects. Obese subjects also exhibited a higher COP velocity in static tests when subjects’ eyes were open (47%, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Dynamic tests demonstrated no differences between groups in sway displacement in either direction; however, COP velocity in the mediolateral (ML) direction was reduced (31%, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.02) in obese subjects while voluntarily swaying in the AP direction, but increased in the same cohort when swaying in the ML direction (40%, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.04). <b><i>Discussion and Conclusion:</i></b> Importantly, these data highlight obesity’s contribution towards increased postural instability. Obese subjects exhibited greater COP displacement at higher AP velocities versus nonobese subjects, suggesting that clinically obese individuals show greater instability than nonobese subjects. Identifying factors contributory to instability could encourage patient-specific physical therapies and presurgical measures to mitigate instability and monitor postsurgical balance improvements.

EFFECTS OF BARIATRIC SURGERY ON INSULIN SENSITIVITY AND SYMPATHETIC NERVE TRAFFIC IN OBESE SUBJECTS. A LONGITUDINAL STUDY

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. e14
Author(s):  
F. Quarti ◽  
G. Seravalle ◽  
M. Colombo ◽  
P. Perego ◽  
V. Giardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Obese Subjects

Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Morbidly Obese Japanese and the Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Disease Progression

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaro Wakamatsu ◽  
Yosuke Seki ◽  
Kazunori Kasama ◽  
Kohei Uno ◽  
Kenkichi Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Impact ofLEPG-2548A andLEPRGln223Arg Polymorphisms on Adiposity, Leptin, and Leptin-Receptor Serum Levels in a Mexican Mestizo Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efraín Chavarria-Avila ◽  
Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado ◽  
Eduardo Gomez-Bañuelos ◽  
Sandra-Luz Ruiz-Quezada ◽  
Jorge Castro-Albarran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Impact

The polymorphisms in leptin (LEPG-2548A) and leptin-receptor (LEPRGln223Arg) seem to influence obesity and lipid metabolism among others. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of these polymorphisms on adiposity, leptin (sLeptin), and leptin-receptor (sLeptin-receptor) serum concentrations as well as inflammation markers. We included 382 adults originally from Western Mexico. They were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Obese individuals showed higher sLeptin (58.2±31.35 ng/mL) but lower sLeptin-receptor (12.6±3.74 ng/mL) levels than normal weight ones (17.6±14.62 ng/mL,17.4±4.62 ng/mL, resp.),P<0.001. Obese subjects carriers of Arg/Arg genotype had more (P=0.016) sLeptin-receptor (14.7±4.96 ng/mL) and less (P=0.004) sLeptin (44.0±28.12 ng/mL) levels than Gln/Gln genotype (11.0±2.92 ng/mL,80.3±33.24 ng/mL, resp.). Body fat mass was lower (Pfrom 0.003 to 0.045) for A/A (36.5%±6.80) or Arg/Arg (36.8%±6.82) genotypes with respect to G/G (41.3%±5.52) and G/A (41.6%±5.61) or Gln/Gln (43.7%±4.74) and Gln/Arg (41.0%±5.52) genotypes carriers. Our results suggest thatLEP-2548A andLEPR223Arg could be genetic markers of less body fat mass accumulation in obese subjects from Western Mexico.

Contrasting association of circulating sCD14 with insulin sensitivity in non-obese and morbidly obese subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora de Courten ◽  
José Maria Moreno-Navarrete ◽  
Jasmine Lyons ◽  
Georgia Soldatos ◽  
Maximilian de Courten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Subjects

scholarly journals Metabolic Effects of Betaine: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Betaine Supplementation in Prediabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 3038-3049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Grizales ◽  
Mary-Elizabeth Patti ◽  
Alexander P Lin ◽  
Joshua A Beckman ◽  
V Anik Sahni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hepatic Fat ◽  
Betaine Supplementation

AbstractContextPlasma betaine correlates with insulin sensitivity in humans. Betaine supplementation improves metabolic effects in mice fed a high-fat diet.ObjectiveTo assess metabolic effects of oral betaine in obese participants with prediabetes.DesignA 12-week, parallel arm, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial.SettingUniversity-affiliated hospital.Participants and InterventionsPersons with obesity and prediabetes (N = 27) were randomly assigned to receive betaine 3300 mg orally twice daily for 10 days, then 4950 mg twice daily for 12 weeks, or placebo.Main Outcome MeasuresChanges from baseline in insulin sensitivity, glycemia, hepatic fat, and endothelial function.ResultsThere was a 16.5-fold increase in plasma dimethylglycine [dimethylglycine (DMG); P < 0.0001] levels, but modest 1.3- and 1.5-fold increases in downstream serine and methionine levels, respectively, in the betaine vs placebo arm. Betaine tended to reduce fasting glucose levels (P = 0.08 vs placebo) but had no other effect on glycemia. Insulin area under curve after oral glucose was reduced for betaine treatment compared with placebo (P = 0.038). Insulin sensitivity, assessed by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, was not improved. Serum total cholesterol levels increased after betaine treatment compared with placebo (P = 0.032). There were no differences in change in intrahepatic triglyceride or endothelial function between groups.ConclusionDMG accumulation supports DMG dehydrogenase as rate limiting for betaine metabolism in persons with prediabetes. Betaine had little metabolic effect. Additional studies may elucidate mechanisms contributing to differences between preclinical and human responses to betaine, and whether supplementation of metabolites downstream of DMG improves metabolism.

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