scholarly journals Adaptation of farmers to climate-change and determinants of their adaptation decisions in South India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nirmal Ravi Kumar ◽  
M. Jagan Mohan Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Discriminant Model ◽  
Southern States ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Agriculture, with its allied sectors, is the largest source of livelihood in India and now faces a serious challenge from climate-change. In this context, this study investigated, how farmers in India perceive climate-change, what adaptation strategies they practice, and major determinants of their adaptation decisions. Primary data forms the database collected from 400 sample farmers from southern States of India to employ Discriminant model and Multinomial Logit Model (MNLM). The results of Discriminant analysis revealed that off-farm income, income from agriculture and farming experience are the major discriminating variables with largest contributions to motivate the farmers for tackling climate-change. Findings from MNLM revealed that in addition to above three variables, access to climate-change information and education background of the farmers are also the important determinants in adoption of climate-change adaptation strategies viz., crop diversification, integrating crops with livestock, change in the planting date and adoption of soil and water conservation measures. The study highlighted increasing role of Government in the future to safeguard interests of farmers through offering a wide range of institutional, policy and technology support. Further, providing off-farm employment opportunities to the farmers is crucial to sustain their livelihoods, as such activities are less sensitive to climate-change.

scholarly journals Assessment of the viability of climate adaptation strategies of cassava-based farmers in southern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
A. Henri-Ukoha
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
Adaptation Practices

The study examined the viability of climate adaptation strategies of cassava-based farmers in Southern Nigeria. A total of 300 cassava-based farmers were randomly selected. Primary data were obtained through administration of questionnaire, interview schedule and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics which involved the use of percentages, mean and frequency distributions as well as OLS multiple regression model. The specific objectives include: to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers, identify the climate change adaptation practices employed, ascertain the viability of the climate change adaptation practices and to determine the factors influencing the use of climate change adaptation strategies by the cassava-based farmers in the study area. Results show that majority of the cassava-based farmers were females, married, had a mean age of 46 years, 19 years farming experience, household size of 8 persons, and mean farm size of 1.23 hectares. Results further showed that the cassava farmers adopted various of adaptation strategies such as mixed cropping 24.3%, crop rotation 16.3%, change in planting date 36.6%, use of improved varieties 63.2%, minimum tillage 37%, early and late planting 35.3% and 13.5% respectively. These practices facilitated the adaptation to climate change by the farmers. However, farming experience, farm size, education, access to extension  services, credits and farm income influenced the viability of the climatic adaptation strategies of the cassava-based farmers in the area. Farmers are advised to take good advantage of seminars, workshops, symposiums, and conferences on climate change and its implications on agricultural production. Keywords: Assessment; Viability; Adaptation, Climate Change, Strategies, Cassava-based Farmers

scholarly journals Are perception and adaptation to climate variability and change of cowpea growers in Mali gender differentiated?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimata Bintou Diarra ◽  
Mathieu Ouédraogo ◽  
Robert B. Zougmoré ◽  
Samuel Tetteh Partey ◽  
Prosper Houessionon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Change Perception ◽  
Climate Change Perception

AbstractUnderstanding the gender dimension of climate change perception and choice of adaptation strategies is crucial for policy recommendations that foster the development and integration of gender-responsive climate-smart agricultural interventions into agricultural development programs. This study determined the differences in the perception and choice of adaptation strategies between men and women farmers in Cinzana in the Segou region of Mali. The study used questionnaire interviews involving 260 farmers (49% women) and focus group discussions for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multinomial logit model to understand the determinants of the level of adoption of adaptation strategies. The results showed that, irrespective of gender, majority of farmers perceived climate change as extended period of droughts, shortened duration of rains, increased frequency of strong winds and increased day and night temperatures. While climate change perception was similar between men and women, choice of adaptation strategies differed significantly in most instances. Women farmers were generally low adopters of crop and varieties-related strategies, soil and water conservation technics (contour farming, use of organic manure), etc., compare to men. Notably, being the household head, age and the availability of free labor were found to positively increased farmers’ probability of adopting many adaptation strategies. The study recommends improving women’s access and control of production resources (land, labor) as means to improving their adoption of adaptation strategies.

scholarly journals Effect of climate change in paddy production and adaptation strategies in Tharu communities of Dang district, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
Pradip Raj Poudel ◽  
Narayan Raj Joshi ◽  
Shanta Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maximum Rainfall

A study on effects of climate change on rice (Oryza sativa) production in Tharu communities of Dang district of Nepal was conducted in 2018A.D to investigate the perception and major adaptation strategies followed by Tharu farmers. The study areas were selected purposively. Cross-sectional data was collected using a household survey of 120 households by applying simple random sampling technique with lottery method for sample selection. Primary data were collected using semi-structured and pretested interview schedule, focus group discussion and key informants interview whereas monthly and annual time series data on temperature and precipitation over 21years (1996-2016) were collected from Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Kathmandu as secondary data. Descriptive statistics and trend analysis were used to analyze the data. The ratio of male and female was found to be equal with higher literacy rate at study area than district. Most of the farmers depended on agriculture only for their livelihood where there was large variation in land distribution. Farmers had better access to FM/radio for agricultural extension information sources. The study resulted that Tharu farmers of Dang perceived all parameters of climate. Temperature and rainfall were the most changing component of climate perceived by farmers. The trend analysis of temperature data of Dang over 21 years showed that maximum, minimum and average temperature were increasing at the rate of 0.031°C, 0.021°C and 0.072°C per year respectively which supports the farmers perception whereas trend of rainfall was decreased with 7.56mm per year. The yearly maximum rainfall amount was increased by 1.15mm. The production of local indigenous rice varieties were decreasing while hybrid and improved rice varieties were increasing. The district rice production trend was increasing which support the farmer’s perception. The study revealed that there were climate change effects on paddy production and using various adaptation strategies to cope in Dang district.

scholarly journals Assessing vulnerability and adaptation strategies of forest dependent people to climate change in the Mid-hills of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
K. Acharya ◽  
K. R. Tiwari ◽  
Y. P. Timilsina ◽  
S PC
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Rural People

Climate change is now recognized as one of the most serious challenges facing the world– its people, the environment and its economies. Rural people are more vulnerable to the effects of climate change due to its high dependence on climate-sensitive sectors like glaciers, agriculture and forestry, and its low financial adaptive capacity. This study was carried out with the aim of assessing and documenting vulnerability and adaptation strategies of forest-dependent people to climate change effects in Mid-hills of Nepal. Primary data were collected from household survey, interview with key informants, and focused group discussion. The results showed that the average annual rainfall was decreasing at the rate of 18.02 mm whereas the average annual mean temperature was increasing at the rate of 0.07°c per year. The major climatic hazards, of the study area, identified were long drought and landslide. The chi-square test shows that the poor forest-dependent people are more vulnerable to long drought, landslide and floods as compared to the rich rural people. Indigenous adaptation practices such as cultivation of vegetables and other crops that are less susceptible to droughts, and rearing of hybrid-varieties of livestock are mostly used to cope with climate change impacts. The results indicate that 15% of the respondents have changed their cropping pattern from paddy to off-seasonal vegetables crops because of more income from vegetable farming. Raising awareness and sharing information as well as increasing income from farming among the locals by applying new technologies should be done in order to build their capacity to cope with climate change impact.Banko Janakari, A Journal of Forestry Information for NepalVol. 25, No. 1Page: 55-62

scholarly journals Effect of Institutional and Farmer Based Climate Change Adaptation Measures on Crop Production in Mavuria Ward, Mbeere South Sub-county, Embu County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Samuel K. Nyaga ◽  
Geofrey K. Gathungu ◽  
Justin Nyaga ◽  
Jafford R. Njeru
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms

Africa is under pressure from climate stresses and is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. In Kenya, agriculture is the backbone of the economy making it an important contributor to food security of rural households. Currently crop productivity is being affected by continued climate variations and decline in soil fertility. Adaptation to climate change requires to be given high and urgent priority for sustainable crop production. A study was conducted in Mavuria ward, Mbeere South Sub-County, Embu County to evaluate the effects of climate change adaptation on crop production. The study used both descriptive and experimental research designs. The primary data on adaptation measures was collected from farmers and institutions using questionnaires. In the data analysis, descriptive statistics were used to organize the climate data and that of the respondents into frequencies. Further, a Pearson correlation test was done to determine the relationship between farmer and institutional based mechanisms on adaptation to climate change at α=0.05. The main adaptation mechanisms identified were soil fertility improvement, soil and water conservation, early planting, pest and disease control, provision of certified seeds, and awareness creation. In view of these findings, the study recommends continuous implementation of these measures that can help strengthen farmers and institutional adaptation mechanisms towards climate change for improved crop production.

scholarly journals ADAPTATION STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON FOOD CROPS PRODUCTION IN OYO STATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebisi Gbadebo ◽  
Owolade E. O. ◽  
Alonge G. O ◽  
Olatoye C. O
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The study assessed the adaptation strategies to mitigate effects of climate change on food crops production in Oyo State. Multi stage sampling procedure was used in selecting 120 respondents for the study. Primary data was collected through interview schedule and it was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results revealed that majority (84.2%) of the respondents were male, married (92.5%) and the crop they mainly cultivated are maize (45.8%) and cassava(37.5%). Further results revealed that majority (70.0%) have knowledge of climate change, majority (84.17%) regularly accessed information on climate change through radio and 88.3%  of them claimed to adopt planting crops favorable for the present weather condition as an adaptation strategies to mitigate the effect of climate change more frequently.  Correlation and Chi-square analysis revealed that there existed a relationship between household size (r= -0.089; p=0.002); knowledge (r= -0.157; p= 0.002), educational level of farmers (X2= 4.861; p= 0.003) and adaptation strategies to climate change effects among the food crops farmer..It was recommended that food crop farmers should be better educated and sensitized in order for them to be better acquainted with coping mechanisms and adaptation strategies that are currently been proffered by research.

scholarly journals Resilience to Climate Change in Industrial Shrimping in Bangladesh: Assessing the Comparative Role of the Stakeholders

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Shaikh Mohammad Kais ◽  
Md Saidul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Shrimp Aquaculture ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aquaculture Industry ◽  
Shrimp Industry

Over the last few decades, the global shrimp aquaculture industry has grown considerably and experienced important transformations in coastal regions in the Global South. However, despite being a major contributor to GDP and export earnings of the country, the shrimp industry in Bangladesh is not yet fully developed. This important sector is often plagued by numerous environmental challenges including frequent climate disasters. To address local climate perturbations, the shrimping industry undertakes a wide range of individual, communal, and institutional level resilience activities. Drawing on primary data collected through ethnography and qualitative interviews in three shrimping communities, this paper examines the nature, effects, and efficacy of resilience strategies adopted by various stakeholders in the shrimp industry in coastal Bangladesh. This research demonstrates that there is a clearly visible resilience gradient in the shrimp aquaculture industry in Bangladesh: individual shrimp farmers and households play a pivotal role in resilience enhancement, while other stakeholders including community, state, and civil society organizations have moderate-to-little involvement in aiding resilience in the sector. The study offers a series of recommendations for resilience to climate change.

scholarly journals Determinants of corn farmers to adapt to climate change impacts in Sagbayan, Bohol, Philippines

2018 ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
Zyra May Centino ◽  
Arvin Vista
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The need to adapt to the negative impacts of climate change is urgent especially in the agriculture sector. However, there have been no published reports whether upland corn farmers are applying climate change adaptation strategies. This study sampled 91 upland corn farmers in Sagbayan, Bohol, Philippines to determine the factors affecting their decision to employ adaptations strategies. The adaptation strategies are those soil and water management and conservation techniques employed by farmers, which is modelled using binary logistic regression. The average age of the respondents was 56 years old. Respondents have been in corn production for an average period of 30 years. More than 50% of their annual household income comes from farming (PhP 25,393). Results showed that gender, farm income, total land used in farming and value of farm assets were the determinants of farmers’ use of adaptation strategies. Overall, corn farmers are knowledgeable of the impacts of climate change; however, employment of adaptation strategies is minimal. Hence, intervention should focus on programs that will increase probability of farmers employing adaptation strategies. Such programs may include farm-to-market roads to minimize post-harvest losses, setting of farmer field school and information drive.

scholarly journals Climate change adaptation strategies and their predictors amongst rural farmers in Ambassel district, Northern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikre Destaw ◽  
Muluken Fenta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Climate Information ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies

The present study was conducted in Ambassel district of Northern Ethiopia to understand adaptation strategies employed by rural farmers to the adverse effects of climate change and variability and factors that determine their adaptation decisions. The study was based on multistage sampling techniques to select the study villages and sampled households (HHs). Data were collected through HH survey, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The collected data were analysed by using descriptive statistics and multinomial logit (MNL) model. The results revealed that in response to the effects of climate variability and change, the adaptation strategies deployed by farmers included terracing as soil and water conservation strategy, changing planting date, fertiliser application, crop diversification with improved variety, income diversification and livestock diversification. The result from MNL analysis showed that age, family size, educational level, farm size, income, livestock holding, access to extension, distance to market, access to climate information and agroecological zones were amongst the factors that had a significant influence on farmers’ choice of adaptation strategies. The basic barriers to climate change adaptation were lack of finance, shortage of land, inadequate climate information, lack of skill and shortage of labour. Therefore, strengthening interventions that enhance income generating activities and access to climate information should be an integral part of climate change adaptation strategies. Moreover, providing early maturing and high-value crop varieties that are more suited to the local environment is also crucial.

scholarly journals IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE INDUCED COPING AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES ON SEAWEED PRODUCTION IN TANZANIA: A CASE OF JAMBIANI VILLAGE, UNGUJA ISLAND

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 47-66
Author(s):  
Mohamed M.S Rijja ◽  
Amelia S. Buriyo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Seaweed Production ◽  
First Time

Climate change remains to be the biggest challenge of 21st century threatening to negatively impacts seaweed production levels in Tanzania. Seaweed farmers have coped and adapted to the impacts of the changes for several years but the implication of their efforts measured by the level of seaweed production is still not documented. The study investigated implications of various coping and adaptation strategies employed by farmers on seaweed production. A cross sectional study was adopted to collection information’s September-November, 2016. Primary data collection tools includes Questionnaires and Focus Group Discussion from 100 seaweed farmers and analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, measures of central tendency and variation, and liner regression model at 5% confidence level. The results indicated that, seaweed farmers continued to employ documented and have recently developed new undocumented coping and adaptation strategies, documented for the first time by this study which include, setting seaweed plot in partially drilled area and tying of big sized seedling as well as planting plenty of seaweeds during cooler months. Nevertheless, production level declined from 80 to 130 sacks per harvest before notable environmental changes to 20 sacks per harvest in a situation of weather and climate changes. It was shown that only planting plenty of seaweeds during cooler months slightly improved seaweed production and others, none at all. The study recommends initiation of ceased extension services to offer technical education and services to seaweed farmers on the best ways to integrate available coping and adaptation strategies on seaweed production as well as developing the best alternative coping and adaptation strategies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document