Evaluation of Calf Circumference, Mid-upper-arm Circumference and Ishii Test for the Assessment of Sarcopenia with Schizophrenia in a Mental Health Center

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Chen ◽  
Xiuping Lei ◽  
Tian Zhu ◽  
Qiuxia Li ◽  
Xiaoyan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Calf Circumference ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

Abstract ObjectiveOur objective was to understand the prevalence of sarcopenia in schizophrenic patients and to evaluate if calf circumference (CC), mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) and Ishii tests can be used to accurately screen for sarcopenia in schizophrenic patients.MethodWe enrolled schizophrenic patients aged 50 or older, who were regularly taking antipsychotic medications, at two mental health centres. Bioimpedance-based muscle-mass was analysed with an InBody 770 instrument, while muscle strength was measured with a digital grip-strength dynamometer. The physical performance of the patients was gauged from their gait speed over 6 m. Standard AWGS2019 diagnostic criteria were used, and the accuracies of the three screening methods were indicated by the sensitivity, specificity, receiver operating characteristic curve, positive predictive values and negative predictive values.ResultsA total of 339 stable schizophrenic patients were enrolled. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 53.1%, and the prevalence was, respectively, 55.6% and 47.66% for males and females. The prevalence of sarcopenia obesity in the total population was 16.22%, and that of males and females was 18.97% and 10.28%, respectively.The CC, MUAC and Ishii test sensitivity/specificity in screening for sarcopenia were 78.3%/67%, 76.74%/68.93%, 89.92%/67%, respectively, in males and 92.16 %/69.64%, 74.51%/78.57%, 96.08%/55.36%, respectively, in females. In males, the AUCs of the CC, MUAC and Ishii test were 0.8 (95%CI, 0.744-0.856), 0.78 (95%CI, 0.721-0.84) and 0.88 (95%CI, 0.837-0.922), respectively, and in females, they were 0.893 (95%CI, 0.833-0.953), 0.843 (95%CI, 0.772-0.915) and 0.855 (95%CI, 0.784-0.926), respectively.ConclusionThe incidence of sarcopenia in schizophrenia patients is high. Clinical doctors should screen for sarcopenia in patients with schizophrenia and provide timely interventions to reduce the occurrence of adverse events. The CC, MUAC and Ishii tests are simple and easy-to-use screening tools for sarcopenia in both males and females with schizophrenia.

Utility of Arm Circumference as a Screening Instrument to Identify Women at Nutritional Risk

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
V C Rodrigues ◽  
R S Phaneendra Rao ◽  
A Lena
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference ◽  
Study Setting

Anthropometric measurements of 567 healthy non-pregnant women aged 20–40 years were studied to assess the utility of mid-upper-arm-circumference as a screening test to detect malnutrition. The prevalence of malnutrition in the study sample was 38.4%. A cut-off point of 24 cm was found to be most appropriate in the study setting as at that level the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values were 71.1%, 69.6% and 59.4%, respectively.

scholarly journals Low Mid-Upper Arm Circumference, Calf Circumference, and Body Mass Index and Mortality in Older Persons

2010 ◽  
Vol 65A (10) ◽  
pp. 1107-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. H. Wijnhoven ◽  
M. A. E. van Bokhorst-de van der Schueren ◽  
M. W. Heymans ◽  
H. C. W. de Vet ◽  
H. M. Kruizenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Calf Circumference ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

scholarly journals A diagnostic test for malnutrition in adults: mid-upper arm circumference towards body mass index: A literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Fathiyyatul Khaira ◽  
Fiastuti Witjaksono ◽  
Diyah Eka Andayani
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Alternative Measurement ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

Body mass index is commonly used for detecting malnutrition. At certain conditions, body mass index cannot be measured, so mid-upper arm circumference can be an alternative measurement for detecting malnutrition. Several studies have proposed the cut-off point of mid-upper arm circumference in adults along with its sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC curve (AUC). This article aims to describe the diagnostic test for malnutrition using the upper arm circumference in adults and summarize the results of the related studies.

Use of mid-upper arm circumference to screen for thinness among sub-Saharan African male detainees

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
David CE Philpott ◽  
Valérie Belchior-Bellino ◽  
Mija Ververs
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

Abstract Objective: Body mass index (BMI) is a time-intensive measurement to assess nutritional status. Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) has been studied as a proxy for BMI in adults, but there is no consensus on its optimal use. Design: We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC) of MUAC for BMI <18.5, <17, and <16 kg/m2. We designed a system using two MUAC cutoffs, with a healthy (non-thin) “green” group, a “yellow” group requiring BMI measurement, and a “red” group who could proceed directly to treatment for thinness. Setting: We retrospectively analyzed monitoring data collected by the International Committee of the Red Cross in places of detention. Participants: 11,917 male detainees in eight African countries. Results: MUAC had excellent discriminatory ability with AUROCC: 0.87, 0.90, and 0.92 for BMI<18.5, BMI<17, and BMI<16 kg/m2, respectively. An upper cutoff of MUAC 25.5 cm to exclude healthy detainees would result in 64% fewer detainees requiring BMI screening and had sensitivity 77% (95%CI 69.4,84.7) and specificity 79.6 (95%CI: 72.6,86.5) for BMI<18.5 kg/m2. A lower cutoff of MUAC<21.0 cm had sensitivity 25.4% (95%CI: 11.7,39.1) and specificity 99.0% (97.9,100.0) for BMI<16 kg/m2. An additional 50kg weight requirement improved specificity to 99.6% (95%CI: 99.0,100.0%) with similar sensitivity. Conclusions: A MUAC cutoff of 25.5 cm, above which detainees are classified as healthy and below receive further screening would result in significant time savings. A cutoff of <21.0 cm and weight <50 kg can identify some detainees with BMI <16 kg/m2 who require immediate treatment.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN LINGKAR BETIS DAN LINGKAR LENGAN ATAS SEBAGAI UKURAN PENGGANTI BERAT LAHIR [Comparison between Calf and Mid-Upper Arm Circumference Alternative of Birthweight Measurement]

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Wahyu Kurnia Yusrin Putra ◽  
Kusharisupeni Kusharisupeni ◽  
Isna Aulia Fajarini
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Calf Circumference ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Alternative Measurement ◽  
Birth Records ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

High proportion of unmeasured birth weight as well as its improper documentation has become a problem in developing countries, including Indonesia. In 2017, a total of 9.9% labour were not assisted by health personnel and 43.4% of newborn did not have proper birth record. This condition increases the possibility of undetected low birth weight (LBW) cases. Therefore, this study aimed to determine an alternative measurement of birth weight which able to detect LBW. The study used cross sectional approach to analyse birth records from maternity clinic. A total of 100 records met the inclusion criteria, such as has complete record of birth weight, calf circumference, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) which were measured within fi rst 24 hours of birth. Data was analysed using correlation test, area under curve (AUC), sensitivity, specifi city, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and likelihood ratio. Result showed that calf circumference and MUAC were signifi cantly correlated with birth weight (p <0.001) with r value 0.529 and 0.674 respectively. At cut-off value 10.62 cm, calf circumference had AUC 0.90, sensitivity 66.7%, specifi city 97.9%, PPV 8.2%, NPV 98.2%, likelihood ratio (+) 31.7 and likelihood ratio (-) 0.03. Calf circumference had better performance as alternative measurement of birth weight to detect LBW compared to MUAC.

scholarly journals Mid-upper arm circumference, calf circumference and mortality in Chinese long-term care facility residents: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. e020485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Hsiang Weng ◽  
Chia-Ping Tien ◽  
Chia-Ing Li ◽  
Abby L’Heureux ◽  
Chiu-Shong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Calf Circumference ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Long Term Care Facility ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

scholarly journals Predicting youth diabetes risk using NHANES data and machine learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nita Vangeepuram ◽  
Bian Liu ◽  
Po-hsiang Chiu ◽  
Linhua Wang ◽  
Gaurav Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clinical Guideline ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Clinical Screening ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Screening Guideline ◽  
Demographic Subgroups ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

AbstractPrediabetes and diabetes mellitus (preDM/DM) have become alarmingly prevalent among youth in recent years. However, simple questionnaire-based screening tools to reliably assess diabetes risk are only available for adults, not youth. As a first step in developing such a tool, we used a large-scale dataset from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) to examine the performance of a published pediatric clinical screening guideline in identifying youth with preDM/DM based on American Diabetes Association diagnostic biomarkers. We assessed the agreement between the clinical guideline and biomarker criteria using established evaluation measures (sensitivity, specificity, positive/negative predictive value, F-measure for the positive/negative preDM/DM classes, and Kappa). We also compared the performance of the guideline to those of machine learning (ML) based preDM/DM classifiers derived from the NHANES dataset. Approximately 29% of the 2858 youth in our study population had preDM/DM based on biomarker criteria. The clinical guideline had a sensitivity of 43.1% and specificity of 67.6%, positive/negative predictive values of 35.2%/74.5%, positive/negative F-measures of 38.8%/70.9%, and Kappa of 0.1 (95%CI: 0.06–0.14). The performance of the guideline varied across demographic subgroups. Some ML-based classifiers performed comparably to or better than the screening guideline, especially in identifying preDM/DM youth (p = 5.23 × 10−5).We demonstrated that a recommended pediatric clinical screening guideline did not perform well in identifying preDM/DM status among youth. Additional work is needed to develop a simple yet accurate screener for youth diabetes risk, potentially by using advanced ML methods and a wider range of clinical and behavioral health data.

Mid upper arm circumference as an alternative measure to assess the nutritional status of adolescents: a study in India based on NFHS-4 data

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Aparna Roy ◽  
T. V. Sekher
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Use of body mass index (BMI) to assess the nutritional status of adolescents requires many resources, especially for country-level assessment. This study aimed to determine the relationship between BMI and mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) among adolescent males and females in India and to examine whether MUAC effectively represents the nutritional status of adolescents. The study utilized anthropometric measurement data collected by India’s National Family Health Survey-4 (2015–16). The weighted sample for analysis included 91,315 female and 14,893 male adolescents. The BMI and MUAC measurements showed a positive correlation in both female and male adolescents. Using BMI-for-age Z-score classifications, 12.7% of the adolescents were undernourished. Using MUAC (in cm) as per NACS (Nutrition Assessment, Counselling, and Support) guidelines and Mramba et al. (2017) classified 22.9% and 3.7% of the adolescents as undernourished respectively. Finally, using the MUAC-for-age Z-score classification, 98.4% of adolescents were determined to be normal and 1.7% undernourished. Sensitivity and specificity tests of the MUAC cut-offs, in comparison with BMI cut-offs, showed that all three MUAC cut-off classifications had high specificity (NACS cut-off: 81.3%; Mramba et al. cut-off (cm): 97.7%; Mramba et al. cut-off (Z-score): 99.1%). The NACS cut-off had moderately high sensitivity (52.2%) but the Mramba et al. cut-offs had low sensitivity (13.3% for the centimetre cut-off and 6.6% for the Z-score cut-off). Sensitivity and specificity tests proved the relationship between BMI and MUAC, and that MUAC represents adolescent nutritional status with considerable efficiency. With further research, it may be established that MUAC is a better and promising measure of adolescent nutrition, having the advantage of needing fewer resources for data collection. The MUAC has the potential to offer a simple and low-resource alternative to BMI to assess nutritional status among adolescents in poor countries.

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