scholarly journals Electronic Polarizability and Optical Basicity of BaO-B2O3-TeO2 Glass System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Amat ◽  
M. K. Halimah ◽  
M. Ishak ◽  
S. N. Nazrin ◽  
N. N. Syamimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urbach Energy ◽  
Glass Structure ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Optical Basicity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lorenz Equation ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Molar Polarizability ◽  
Quenching Method ◽  
Oxide Ion

Abstract [(TeO2)0.7(B2O3)0.3]1-x (BaO)x, x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30 and 0.35 mol fraction glass series were successfully synthesized by conventional melt quenching method. Amorphous phase of all samples was confirmed through X-ray diffraction while optical properties were determined using UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis showed that the glass structure consisted of TeO3, TeO4, TeO6, BO3 and BO4 structural units. The optical band gap energy, Eopt which was calculated from Tauc’ plots decreased as the amount of BaO increases, whereas, the Urbach energy value increased. The increase in Urbach energy value was attributed to the increase of defects in glass structure. The refractive indices of glass were found to increase along with the increased amount of BaO, due to the high polarization and high density of host material and glass modifier. The molar polarizability, αm, oxide ion polarizability, αo2- and optical basicity, Λ of the glasses are calculated by Lorentz-Lorenz equation. The glasses were found to possess αm values between 8.106 – 8.489 Å3, and αo2- values between 3.303 to 4.772. Meanwhile, optical basicity increases from 0.115 to 0.893.

scholarly journals OPTICAL PROPERTIES ON Li2O-K2O-WO3-B2O3 GLASS SYSTEM

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 278-283
Author(s):  
A. EDUKONDALU ◽  
M. A. SAMEE ◽  
SHAIKH KAREEM AHMMAD ◽  
SAIR MD. TAQIULLAH ◽  
SYED RAHMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Structure ◽  
Glass System ◽  
Alkali Concentration ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Mixed Alkali ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
Mixed Alkali Effect ◽  
Oxide Ion ◽  
B2o3 Glass

Mixed alkali tungsten borate glasses xLi2O–(30–x) K2O–10WO3–60B2O3 (0 < x < 30) were prepared from the melts. These glasses were characterized using X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and density measurements. Optical absorption studies were carried out as a function of alkali content to look for mixed alkali effect (MAE) on the spectral properties of these glasses. From the study of ultraviolet absorption edge, the optical band gap energies and Urbach energies were evaluated. The average electronic polarizability of the oxide ion, optical basicity and the interaction parameters were also evaluated for all the glasses. Many of these parameters vary non-linearly exhibiting a minima or maxima with increasing alkali concentration, indicating the mixed alkali effect. An attempt is made to interpret MAE in this glass system in terms of its glass structure.

Optical Absorption of Er3+/Nd3+ Co-Doped Tellurite Glass

2012 ◽  
Vol 501 ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Akmar Roslan ◽  
M. Rahim Sahar ◽  
Ramli Arifin ◽  
Sib Krishna Ghoshal ◽  
M. Supar Rohani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tellurite Glass ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Urbach Energy ◽  
Tellurite Glasses ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Melt Quenching ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Quenching Method ◽  
Co Doped

Tellurite glasses of varying Er3+/Nd3+ concentration were successfully prepared by melt-quenching method. The X-Ray diffraction pattern was determined by using Siemens Diffractometer D5000 while the optical properties were measured using Shimadzu 3101 pc UV-VIS NIR scanning spectrophotometer. It was found that the diffraction patterns of all samples showed glasses characteristics. The optical band gap, Eopt¬ increased proportionally with the content of Er¬2O3 but Urbach energy, ∆E decreased due to the increasing Er2O3 contents.

scholarly journals Comprehensive study of electronic polarizability and band gap of B2O3–Bi2O3–ZnO–SiO2 glass network

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (05) ◽  
pp. 1750031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iskandar Shahrim Mustafa ◽  
Nur Ain Nabilah Razali ◽  
Nurul Zahirah Noor Azman ◽  
Nor Zakiah Yahaya ◽  
Muhammad Zulhafiz Mohamad Zaini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Energy Band ◽  
Urbach Energy ◽  
Glass Structure ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Glass Network ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Electronic Polarizability ◽  
Energy Band Gap ◽  
Composition Formula

Quaternary glasses were successfully fabricated using melt quenching technique based on the chemical compound composition ([Formula: see text])Bi2O3–([Formula: see text]) ZnO–(0.2)B2O3–(0.3)SiO2, where ([Formula: see text], 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.45) mole. The sources of SiO2 was produced from rice husk ash (RHA) at 99.36% of SiO2. The Urbach energy was increased from 0.16[Formula: see text]eV to the 0.29[Formula: see text]eV as the mole of Bi2O3 increased in the glass structure. The indirect energy band gap is indicated in decrement pattern with 3.15[Formula: see text]eV towards 2.51[Formula: see text]eV. The results of Urbach energy and band gap energy that were obtained are due to the increment of Bi[Formula: see text] ion in the glass network. The refractive indexes for the prepared glasses were evaluated at 2.36 to 2.54 based on the Lorentz–Lorentz formulation which correlated to the energy band gap. The calculated of molar polarizability, electronic polarizability and optical basicity exemplify fine complement to the Bi2O3 addition in the glass network. The glass sample was indicated in amorphous state.

Optical Properties and Structural Studies on Nd3+ Doped Borate Glasses Containing Heavy Metal Oxide

2012 ◽  
Vol 584 ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijaya Chikkaveeraiah Veeranna Gowda ◽  
K.R Sardar Pasha ◽  
M. Sudhakar Reddy ◽  
C. Narayana Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
Amorphous Nature ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Quenching Method ◽  
Bi2o3 Content

Abstract. Neodymium doped sodium bismuth borate (Na2O-Bi2O3-B2O3) glasses were prepared by melt quenching method. Amorphous nature of the glass is confirmed through the X-ray diffraction study. Density of the investigated glasses increases systematically with Bi2O3 concentration. Glass transition temperature decrease slightly with increase of Bi2O3 content and could be due to increase in the number of weaker Bi-O linkages by stronger Nd-O linkages. Fourier Transform - Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been carried out. The IR spectra of the glasses reveal that the strong network consisting of diborate units and is unaffected by the variation of Nd3+ concentration. UV-Visible absorption studies have been performed on these glasses to examine the optical spectra and the optical band gap energy has been calculated. The intensity of the absorption band increases with the increase of Nd3+ concentration. This is due to the formation of non-bridging oxygens (NBO’s) in the structure.

scholarly journals Synthesis of MgO Nanoparticles by Solvent Mixed Spray Pyrolysis Technique for Optical Investigation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Nemade ◽  
S. A. Waghuley
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Technique ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Optical Investigation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mgo Nanoparticles ◽  
Electron Microscope Analysis

Solvent mixed spray pyrolysis technique has attracted a global interest in the synthesis of nanomaterials since reactions can be run in liquid state without further heating. Magnesium oxide (MgO) is a category of the practical semiconductor metal oxides, which is extensively used as catalyst and optical material. In the present study, MgO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using a solvent mixed spray pyrolysis. The X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the formation of MgO phase with an excellent crystalline structure. Debye-Scherrer equation is used for the determination of particle size, which was found to be 9.2 nm. Tunneling electron microscope analysis indicated that the as-synthesized particles are nanoparticles with an average particle size of 9 nm. Meanwhile, the ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy of the resulting product was evaluated to study its optical property via measurement of the band gap energy value.

N-rich GaNAs with High As Content Grown by Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy

2003 ◽  
Vol 798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akitaka Kimura ◽  
H. F. Tang ◽  
C. A. Paulson ◽  
T. F. Kuech
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Vapor Phase Epitaxy ◽  
Miscibility Gap ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Specular Surfaces ◽  
Rich Side ◽  
Absorption Measurements

ABSTRACTGaN1-yAsy epitaxial alloys on the N-rich side with high As content were grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. They had specular surfaces and the single-phase epitaxial nature was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The As incorporation increased through both a decrease in the growth temperature and V/III ratio. These trends were similar to that found in other III-V alloy systems which exhibit a large miscibility gap and the anion incorporation was considered to have been limited kinetically under the conditions of the low V/III ratio. The range of achieved As content was extended up to y=0.067, which is a composition well within the miscibility gap. The As-content dependence of the band gap energy was determined by optical absorption measurements and large bowing parameter of 16.8 ± 0.9 eV was determined.

The Optical Performance of Holmium Oxide Doped Tellurite Glass for Potential Optical Fiber

2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Muhammad Noorazlan Abd Azis ◽  
Halimah Mohamed Kamari ◽  
Suriani Abu Bakar ◽  
Azlina Yahya ◽  
Umar Saad Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Tellurite Glass ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Gap Energy ◽  
Xrd Method ◽  
Nonlinear Pattern

Borotellurite glass had been widely applied in the field of optical communications and devices. In this work, holmium oxides doped borotellurite glass had been successfully fabricated via conventional melt-quenched technique. The structural properties of holmium doped tellurite glass were found using x-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The nonexistence of sharp peaks in XRD pattern shows that the inclusion of holmium tellurite glass leads to the formation long range of disorderness. The optical properties of the glass system such as refractive index and optical band gap energy are investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The value of refractive index is found in nonlinear trend along with holmium oxides concentration. It is found that the refractive index is more than 2 at 0.01, 0.03 and 0.04 of holmium concentrations. The optical band gap energy was found in similar trend with refractive index which is in nonlinear pattern.

FeAl2O4 Nanopowders; Structural Analysis and Band Gap Energy

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 789-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Enhessari
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Mixed Metal Oxide ◽  
Nanoscale Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Organic Precursor ◽  
Gap Energy ◽  
Acid Gel

AbstractNanoscale FeAl2O4 was successfully synthesized via sol–gel method. The sol constituents containing iron and aluminum cations were formed homogenously in stearic acid gel (formation of organic precursor). The pure structural analysis and the size of the spinels were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was observed that the size of the nanoscale materials obtained at around 30–40nm. The micrographs of FeAl2O4 evidenced the homogenous and nanosize formation of spinel. The semiconducting behavior of this mixed metal oxide was observed at 3.14eV based on the band gap energy (Eg). The final nanoscale materials exhibited a superparamagnetic behavior with a saturation magnetization of 9.8 emu/g at applied field of 10 kOe.

scholarly journals One-Pot Synthesis of Ru-Doped ZnO Oxides for Photodegradation of 4-Chlorophenol

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Manríquez ◽  
Luis Enrique Noreña ◽  
Jin An Wang ◽  
Lifang Chen ◽  
Jose Salmones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
The One

The photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol in water using Ru-doped ZnO mixed oxides (0, 0.5, 1, and 3 wt% RuO2) synthesized by the one-pot homogeneous coprecipitation method is reported. ZnO with wurtzite structure was present in the mixed oxide as corroborated by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. All the samples showed nanorod morphological features. The presence of Ru6+/Ru4+ couples on ZnO modified the band gap of the mixed oxides and led to a shift of the band gap energy from 3.20 eV to 3.07 eV. Ru addition increased the surface area and significantly promoted the formation of active surface oxygen species such as hydroradicals evidenced by the fluorescence spectroscopy measurement. In the photodegradation of 4-chlorophenol solution under UV irradiation, a notable increase in photoactivity was obtained as the amount of RuO2 in the mixed oxides increased to 3 wt%. The charge transfer between Ru6+/Ru4+ couples and ZnO nanoparticles together with the formation of free radical oxidant species effectively inhibits electron-hole recombination rate, thus favoring the photodegradation of 4-chlorophenol.

scholarly journals The Use of Tailings to Make Glass as an Alternative for Sustainable Environmental Remediation: The Case of Osor, Catalonia, Spain

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 819
Author(s):  
Pura Alfonso ◽  
Oriol Tomasa ◽  
Luis Miguel Domenech ◽  
Maite Garcia-Valles ◽  
Salvador Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Glass Structure ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Melting Temperatures

Tailings from the Osor fluorite mines release large amounts of potentially toxic elements into the environment. This work is a proposal to remove these waste materials and use them as a raw material in the manufacture of glass. The chemical composition of the tailings was determined by X-ray fluorescence and the mineralogy by X-ray diffraction. Waste materials have SiO2, Al2O3 and CaO contents suitable for a glass production, but Na as NaCO3 has to be added. Two glass formulations, with 80–90% of the residue and 10–20% Na2CO3, have been produced. The crystallization temperatures, obtained by differential thermal analysis, were 875 and 901 °C, and the melting temperatures were 1220 and 1215 °C for the G80-20 and G90-10 glasses, respectively. The transition temperatures of glass were 637 and 628 °C. The crystalline phases formed in the thermal treatment to produce devitrification were nepheline, plagioclase and diopside in the G80-20 glass, and plagioclase and akermanite-gehlenite in the G90-10 glass. The temperatures for the fixed viscosity points, the working temperatures and the coefficient of expansion were obtained. The chemical stability of the glass was tested and results indicate that the potentially toxic elements of the tailings were incorporated into the glass structure.

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