scholarly journals Power-Based Estimation of Cutting Forces During Turning of Aluminium Biomass Ash Particulate Composite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuella Emefe ◽  
Chigbogu Ozoegwu ◽  
Sylvester Edelugo
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Particulate Composite ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Biomass Ash ◽  
Force Coefficients ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components

Abstract Aluminum-Biomass Ash Particulate Composite is a reinforced composite material of aluminum and biomass ash particles. The composite offers significant mechanical properties advantage and low-cost advantage because of the use of waste as the reinforcement material and as a result, it is gaining increased industrial attention because of the many advantages they offer over conventional Aluminium Matrix Composites. These materials are mostly accessed on the basis of their mechanical, microstructural and chemical properties with very limited interest on their machinability relative to the base material. The specific cutting force coefficients and cutting forces of the composite were estimated during CNC turning operations and the effects of reinforcement on the machinability responses were studied. In this work, power-based force estimation approach was adopted for this purpose for the first time. This approach is less expensive compared to the dynamometric approach since it relies on adapting existing equipment developed for other purposes. This was done by measuring the electric power of the direct-drive motors of the CNC machine during the turning process and the power measurements were analyzed to obtain the force coefficients. The cutting force components were observed to decrease as the percentage rice husk ash (RHA) reinforcement increased. This agrees with known results for the composite based on the dynamometric approach. Since the cutting force components decrease with increase in reinforcement, it can be deduced that increasing RHA in the Aluminium might reduce friction at the tool-chip interface and extend tool life, in other words, improving machinability. The composite therefore promises to be more cost effective than the base material in machinability terms.

scholarly journals Effect of the Relative Position of the Face Milling Tool towards the Workpiece on Machined Surface Roughness and Milling Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danil Pimenov ◽  
Amauri Hassui ◽  
Szymon Wojciechowski ◽  
Mozammel Mia ◽  
Aristides Magri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Face Milling ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Face Mill ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components

In face milling one of the most important parameters of the process quality is the roughness of the machined surface. In many articles, the influence of cutting regimes on the roughness and cutting forces of face milling is considered. However, during flat face milling with the milling width B lower than the cutter’s diameter D, the influence of such an important parameter as the relative position of the face mill towards the workpiece and the milling kinematics (Up or Down milling) on the cutting force components and the roughness of the machined surface has not been sufficiently studied. At the same time, the values of the cutting force components can vary significantly depending on the relative position of the face mill towards the workpiece, and thus have a different effect on the power expended on the milling process. Having studied this influence, it is possible to formulate useful recommendations for a technologist who creates a technological process using face milling operations. It is possible to choose such a relative position of the face mill and workpiece that will provide the smallest value of the surface roughness obtained by face milling. This paper shows the influence of the relative position of the face mill towards the workpiece and milling kinematics on the components of the cutting forces, the acceleration of the machine spindle in the process of face milling (considering the rotation of the mill for a full revolution), and on the surface roughness obtained by face milling. Practical recommendations on the assignment of the relative position of the face mill towards the workpiece and the milling kinematics are given.

An Experimental Study on Cutting Forces in the Threading and the Side Cut Turning With Coated and Uncoated Grades

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firat Kafkas
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components

The objective of this study is to obtain the cutting force components on the threading insert. The cutting force data used in the analysis are measured by a three-dimensional dynamic force dynamometer. The AISI 4140 and AISI 4340 low alloy steels are selected for the experiment on the threading and the side cut turning. The inserts used for testing is the TiAlN coated and uncoated grades. LT22NR35ISO type insert is used in the experiment. During the experiments, no cutting fluid and a constant spindle speed is used. The thread pitch and the depth of cut were kept fixed at 3.5 mm and 0.05 mm for the radial feed per pass, respectively. The study emphasizes on the effects on the workpiece material and the cutting tool grade of the cutting force components that occur during the threading. Also, these results are compared with the findings that are obtained during the side cut turning. It is determined that the measured primary cutting and radial forces during the threading are approximately three times bigger than those during the side cut turning, although feed forces during the threading are approximately 30 times lower compared with the side cut turning. The TiAlN coated WC/Co grade shows the best performance with respect to the cutting force components. The specific cutting forces are determined in order to understand the interference of chips that occur during the threading. With the increase in the cumulative radial feed, the corresponding specific cutting forces become higher. It is reasoned that the difference in the specific cutting forces results from the alteration of the interference of the flowing chips. The specific cutting forces decrease in the beginning of the threading and then increases with the cumulative radial feed. The results show that the interference of the chip flow influences the threading force components to a very large extent.

Effects of AlCl3 Additive on Cutting Forces and Diamond Wear Rate While Cutting Granite With a Single Diamond

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
F. C. Appl ◽  
B. N. Rao ◽  
B. H. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Surfactant Solution ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Diamond Cutting ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components ◽  
Diamond Cutting Tool

The effects of surfactant solution aluminum chloride on cutting granite rock with a diamond were investigated experimentally. Tests were conducted by cutting on the cylindrical surface of a granite cylinder in a lathe with a single spherically shaped diamond cutting tool. The cutting fluid consisted of various concentrations of aluminum chloride in deionized distilled water. The cutting force components were determined by means of a tool post dynamometer and were recorded continuously during the tests. Diamond wear was determined by periodically photographing the wear flat through an optical miscroscope. Results indicate that cutting forces and diamond wear rate are influenced by the additive. The normal cutting force is maximum at a concentration of 7 × 10−6 molar, and the tangential cutting force is maximum at 3 × 10−6 while the diamond wear rate is minimum at 3 × 10−6 molar. It is also found that there is an effect of concentration on relative tool life for constant depth cutting, but that maximum life occurs at higher levels of concentration.

Loading of the Manufacturing Systems Elements in the Process of Unsteady Mode Cutting and the Models of their Arrangement Deviations

2014 ◽  
Vol 682 ◽  
pp. 192-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.S. Putilova ◽  
Yu.I. Nekrasov ◽  
A.A. Lasukov
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
On Line ◽  
Servo Drives ◽  
Force Components

To improve the treatment accuracy by on-line correction of the paths of the executive working parts (EWP) the authors study the processes of loading, deformation and arrangement deviation of the elements of the manufacturing systems (MS) under the changes of the cutting force components in the process of turning on machine-tools equipped with CNC systems of PCNC class. Estimation of the values of the technological components of the cutting force Px, Py, Pz is based on the phenomenon of arrangement deviation Δωi of the elements monitoring the servo drives of machine tools. To determine the compliance of the deviation magnitude Δwi with the technological components of the cutting force Px, Py a diagnostic subsystem was developed, involving the loading devices and dynamometric equipment. The diagnostic system is controlled through PCNC with the application of a specially developed hardware-software system. The data on changes in the values Px, Py and the respective changes in the attitude misalignment parameters in servo drives at various EWP minute feeds in CNC machine tools were determined by prior diagnosis of load characteristics servo drives, registered in the PCNC. So, the data of cutting force components Px, Py compliance with arrangement error ratios ΔωXп, ΔωZп. were established.

scholarly journals Cutting Forces Prediction in the Dry Slotting of Aluminium Stacks

2014 ◽  
Vol 797 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Jorge Salguero ◽  
Madalina Calamaz ◽  
Moisés Batista ◽  
Franck Girot ◽  
Mariano Marcos Bárcena
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
The Individual

Cutting forces are one of the inherent phenomena and a very significant indicator of the metal cutting process. The work presented in this paper is an investigation of the prediction of these parameters in slotting processes of UNS A92024-T3 (Al-Cu) stacks. So, cutting speed (V) and feed per tooth (fz) based parametric models, for experimental components of cutting force, F(fz,V) have been proposed. These models have been developed from the individual models extracted from the marginal adjustment of the cutting force components to each one of the input variables: F(fz) and F(V).

Determination of Cutting Forces in Oblique Cutting

2015 ◽  
Vol 756 ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Filippov ◽  
E.O. Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Cutting Depth ◽  
Turning Operations ◽  
Error Check ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components

This study describes the method of determining cutting force components in oblique turning. The scheme of how the investigations were performed is presented. The characteristic curves of cutting force components vs. thickness of the material removed, tool clearance and tool rake angles are shown. The study presents the data, which have been obtained during the experimental investigations and analytically calculated, on how the cutting forces are subject to changes depending on a cutter angle, cutting depth and feed in oblique turning operations. The analysis of approximation of the experimental results and error check of the theoretical calculations relative to the experimental data are given.

scholarly journals Cutting Forces in Milling of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Sorrentino ◽  
Sandro Turchetta
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components

The machining of fibre reinforced composites is an important activity for optimal application of these advanced materials into engineering fields. During machining any excessive cutting forces have to be avoided in order to prevent any waste product in the last stages of production cycle. Therefore, the ability to predict the cutting forces is essential to select process parameters necessary for an optimal machining. In this paper the effect of cutting conditions during milling machining on cutting force and surface roughness has been investigated. In particular the cutting force components have been analysed in function of the principal process parameters and of the contact angle. This work proposes experimental models for the determination of cutting force components for CFRP milling.

Application of Taguchi Method for Cutting Force Optimization in Metal Machining

2015 ◽  
Vol 669 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Julia Hricova
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Single Action ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components

To evaluate and optimize the cutting process from the effective, qualitative and economic point of view, the detailed knowledge about size, direction and orientation of cutting forces is necessary. Cutting forces are an important indicator of machining performance. It helps to understand every single action which occurs during the machining process. In this study, the influence of selected cutting parameters (cutting speed and feed rate) on the behavior of cutting force components were experimentally investigated. AlMgSi1 aluminum alloy (EN AW 6082) was milled in dry and wet machining conditions utilizing uncoated sintered carbide end mills with a different helix angle. Cutting force components were measured and statistically analyzed with using of ANOVA.

scholarly journals Comparative Characteristics of Ductile Iron and Austempered Ductile Iron Modeled by Neural Network

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 2864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borislav Savkovic ◽  
Pavel Kovac ◽  
Branislav Dudic ◽  
Michal Gregus ◽  
Dragan Rodic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Austempered Ductile Iron ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Force Components

Experimental research of cutting force components during dry face milling operations are presented in the paper. The study was provided when milling of ductile cast iron alloyed with copper and its austempered ductile iron after the proper austempering process. In the study, virtual instrumentation designed for cutting forces components monitoring was used. During the research, orthogonal cutting forces components versus time were monitored and relationship of cutting forces components versus speed, feed and depth of cut were determined by artificial neural network and response surface methodology. An analysis was made regarding the consistency of the measured cutting forces and the values obtained from the model supported by an artificial neural network for the investigated interval of the cutting regime. Based on the results, an analysis of the feasibility of the application of austempered ductile iron in the industrial sector with the aspect of machinability as well as the application of the models based on artificial intelligence, was given. At the end of the presentation, the influence of the aforementioned cutting regimes on cutting force components is presented as well.

Experiment and Theory of Cutting Forces for Cemented Carbides Based Self-Lubricated Tool Embedded with Solid Lubricants

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 1975-1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Long Song ◽  
Jian Xin Deng ◽  
Pei Yan ◽  
Z. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Contact Length ◽  
Rake Face ◽  
Lubricating Film ◽  
Micro Holes ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components

Four micro-holes were fabricated on the tool-chip contact area of the cemented carbide (WC+14%TiC+6%Co) tool face. MoS2 solid lubricants were embedded into the micro-holes to form self-lubricated tool (SLT-1). Dry machining tests on hardened steel were carried out with the SLT-1 self-lubricated tool, the SLT-2 tool with four micro-holes on the rake face embedded without solid lubricants and the SLT-3 conventional tool. The variation of cutting forces with cutting speed were tested by the Kistler force tester. The result shows that the three cutting force components of SLT-1 self-lubricated tool decreased obviously. They went down by 25-35% in comparison with those of the SLT-3 tool. And the three force components of SLT-2 tool decreased about 10-14% compared with those of the SLT-3 tool. Through the analysis of cutting force distribution theory and test results, the mechanism of cutting forces decrease was considered to be forming a self-lubricating film on the rake face which decreases the shear stress and the reduction of contact length between the chip and the tool.

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