Frontotemporal Dementia: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Functional Measures ◽  
The Future ◽  
Clinical Measures

Abstract Background: Frontotemporal dementia is a common type of dementia and is a group of progressive neurodegenerative syndromes usually caused by the accumulation of pathological tau or TDP-43 proteins. The review is identifying the clinical measures including neuropsychological scores and functional measures. Methods: A systematic review was conducted covering the clinical trials done to investigate the Frontotemporal Dementia. The sample was taken from Pubmed library. 28 results were found in a range of time from 2016 to 2021. The excluded papers were 17. Results: A total of 10,349 articles were identified at the first stage of papers selecting. All records were screened in order to include and exclude by title/abstract and then based on full text. After excluding articles by year and type of papers, a total of 28 articles were identified through the databases. Following this, the irrelevant papers from databases were removed from original articles, and finally 11 articles were included based on their title/abstract. Full articles were then sourced for about 600 references. It included 732 patients and 195 controls as a total. Conclusions: The review describes the clinical and RCT trials for FTD in the last five years so it can be very updated information for the researchers to cover information required for their researches in the future ones.

scholarly journals P10 Reporting of offspring data in diabetes, HIV infection and hypertension trials during pregnancy: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. e21.1-e21
Author(s):  
B Aurich ◽  
T Martin-Montoya ◽  
D Zhang ◽  
E Jacqz-Aigrain
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Chronic Medication ◽  
Neonatal Deaths

BackgroundAccording to international guidelines clinical trials are conducted during pregnancy to evaluate benefits and risks of medicines for both the mother and her offspring. Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) reporting criteria apply to these trials and should include safety data on the offspring. The safety of maternal treatments is a key issue for health care professionals and parents. Diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and hypertension are among the most frequent chronic diseases worldwide in women of child bearing potential. The objective of this systematic review was to analyse offspring data reported in clinical trials conducted in pregnant women receiving chronic drug treatment for one of these conditions.MethodsPubmed and Embase (01/01/1997–31/12/2017) were searched for drug trials in pregnant women with diabetes, HIV infection or hypertension. Titles and abstracts were screened, followed by a full text review of eligible articles. Inclusion criteria were interventional clinical trials in pregnant women treated with chronic medication and full text in English. Trial characteristics, maternal and offspring data were extracted. Data was summarised by disease and study. Twelve key items were considered for the offspring. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42017057024).ResultsOverall, 196 articles reporting 132 clinical trials (diabetes n=55; HIV n=59; hypertension n=18) were included. The number of births were frequently not reported (diabetes 40%; HIV 24%; hypertension 56%). Congenital malformations were infrequently reported with sufficient detail (diabetes 27%; HIV 34%; hypertension 6%). Similar observations were made for other key items (e.g. foetal losses, neonatal deaths, birth weight corrected for gestational age).ConclusionsUnderreporting of key data for the offspring was frequent in publications of clinical trials in pregnant women with diabetes, HIV infection or hypertension making the assessment of the benefit-risk ratio of treatment options during pregnancy difficult.Disclosure(s)Nothing to disclose

scholarly journals Adaptive design methods in dialysis clinical trials – a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor Judge ◽  
Robert Murphy ◽  
Catriona Reddin ◽  
Sarah Cormican ◽  
Andrew Smyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Adaptive Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Sequential Designs ◽  
Over Time

AbstractBackgroundAdaptive design methods are intended to improve efficiency of clinical trials and are relevant to evaluating interventions in dialysis populations. We sought to quantify the use of adaptive designs in dialysis clinical trials.MethodsWe completed a full text systematic review and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Our review utilised a machine learning classifier and a novel full text systematic review method. We searched MEDLINE (Pubmed) and performed a detailed data extraction of trial characteristics and a completed a narrative synthesis of the data.Results50 studies, available as 66 articles, were included after full text review. 31 studies were conducted in a dialysis population and 19 studies had renal replacement therapy as a primary or secondary outcome. While the absolute number of adaptive design methods is increasing over time, the relative use of adaptive design methods in dialysis trials is decreasing over time (6.1% in 2009 to 0.3% in 2019). Adaptive design methods impacted 52% of dialysis trials they were used in. Group sequential designs were the most common type of adaptive design method used. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) was studied in 27 trails (54%), End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) was studied in 22 trials (44%) and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) was studied in 1 trial (2%). 26 studies (52%) were supported by public funding. 41 studies (82%) did not report their adaptive design method in the title or abstract and would not be detected by a standard systematic.ConclusionsAdaptive design methods are employed in dialysis trials, but there has been a decline in their relative use over time.Registration NumberPROSPERO: CRD42020163946Significance statementWhat was previously known about the specific topic of the manuscript?The use of adaptive designs methods in dialysis trials is unquantified.What were the most important findings? If studies are animals, this should be specifiedAlthough absolute numbers of adaptive design trials have increased over time, the proportion of dialysis trials using an adaptive design has reduced. Among trials that employed an adaptive design, 52% of dialysis trials were revised due to the adaptive criteria. Group sequential designs were the most common type of adaptive design method used in dialysis randomized clinical trials. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) was studied in 54% of trials and End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) was studied in 44% of trials, which used an adaptive design.How does the new information advance a new understanding of the kidney and its diseases?Adaptive design methods are effective in dialysis trials, but their relative use has declined over time.

scholarly journals Probiotic Strains and Intervention Total Doses for Modulating Obesity-Related Microbiota Dysbiosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana López-Moreno ◽  
Antonio Suárez ◽  
Camila Avanzi ◽  
Mercedes Monteoliva-Sánchez ◽  
Margarita Aguilera
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Gut Hormones ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Probiotic Strains

Obesity is a growing health threat worldwide. Administration of probiotics in obesity has also parallelly increased but without any protocolization. We conducted a systematic review exploring the administration pattern of probiotic strains and effective doses for obesity-related disorders according to their capacity of positively modulating key biomarkers and microbiota dysbiosis. Manuscripts targeting probiotic strains and doses administered for obesity-related disorders in clinical studies were sought. MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched using keywords during the last fifteen years up to April 2020. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and then full-text papers against inclusion criteria according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. From 549 interventional reports identified, we filtered 171 eligible studies, from which 24 full-text assays were used for calculating intervention total doses (ITD) of specific species and strains administered. Nine of these reports were excluded in the second-step because no specific data on gut microbiota modulation was found. Six clinical trials (CT) and 9 animal clinical studies were retained for analysis of complete outcome prioritized (body mass index (BMI), adiposity parameters, glucose, and plasma lipid biomarkers, and gut hormones). Lactobacillus spp. administered were double compared to Bifidobacterium spp.; Lactobacillus as single or multispecies formulations whereas most Bifidobacteria only through multispecies supplementations. Differential factors were estimated from obese populations’ vs. obesity-induced animals: ITD ratio of 2 × 106 CFU and patterns of administrations of 11.3 weeks to 5.5 weeks, respectively. Estimation of overall probiotics impact from selected CT was performed through a random-effects model to pool effect sizes. Comparisons showed a positive association between the probiotics group vs. placebo on the reduction of BMI, total cholesterol, leptin, and adiponectin. Moreover, negative estimation appeared for glucose (FPG) and CRP. While clinical trials including data for positive modulatory microbiota capacities suggested that high doses of common single and multispecies of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium ameliorated key obesity-related parameters, the major limitation was the high variability between studies and lack of standardized protocols. Efforts in solving this problem and searching for next-generation probiotics for obesity-related diseases would highly improve the rational use of probiotics.

Barriers to clinical trial enrollment of older adults with cancer: A systematic review.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18130-e18130
Author(s):  
Mina S. Sedrak ◽  
Arti Hurria ◽  
Daneng Li ◽  
Kevin George ◽  
Simran Padam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Oncology Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Trial Enrollment

e18130 Background: Despite the disproportionate impact of cancer on older adults, older patients are vastly underrepresented in clinical trials that set the standards for cancer treatment. To better understand the reasons for this disparity, we conducted a systematic review of studies that have specifically examined barriers and interventions to improve clinical trial enrollment of older adults with cancer. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive two-step search strategy. First, we consulted an information specialist to develop an electronic search for the following databases from inception to January 15, 2019: PubMed, Ovid/Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Cochrane library. Second, references of retrieved key articles were screened for relevant studies. Two authors then independently reviewed all titles and abstracts (N = 10,985) and examined studies for full text eligibility (N = 221). Inclusion criteria were: 1) original research; 2) study assessed barriers and/or interventions to enrollment in oncology clinical trials; 3) included patients ≥ 60 years with cancer. Narrative reviews and abstracts without full text were excluded. Data was extracted by independent raters and summarized using a qualitative analysis software, NVivo v12. Results: 12 observational studies examining barriers and 1 randomized intervention were included. Barriers were assessed at the patient level (N = 5 studies), healthcare professional (HCP) level (N = 5), and both patient and HCP levels (N = 2). Stringent eligibility criteria (N = 7) and oncologists’ concerns for toxicity (N = 7) were the most common barriers cited. Patient barriers included transportation (N = 6), time/burden (N = 6), and awareness (N = 6). Although caregiver barriers (N = 4) were identified, none of the studies examined caregiver perceptions. One study evaluated a physician-directed educational intervention and found no significant impact on accrual of older adults. Conclusions: Although several studies have examined the barriers to accrual of older adults with cancer, only one intervention study has attempted to address these barriers. Given the aging of the cancer population, new strategies for including older adults in cancer clinical trials are critically needed.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Incidence of Frontotemporal Dementia: a Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (S1) ◽  
pp. S96-S109 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Hogan ◽  
Nathalie Jetté ◽  
Kirsten M. Fiest ◽  
Jodie I. Roberts ◽  
Dawn Pearson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Incidence Studies ◽  
Limiting Case ◽  
Quality Assessments

AbstractBackgroundPopulation-based prevalence and incidence studies are essential for understanding the burden of frontotemporal dementia (FTD).MethodsThe MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched to identify population-based publications from 1985 to 2012, addressing the incidence and/or prevalence of FTD. References of included articles and prior systematic reviews were searched for additional studies. Two reviewers screened all abstracts and full-text reviews, abstracted data and performed quality assessments.ResultsTwenty-six studies were included. Methodological limitations led to wide ranges in the estimates for prevalence (point prevalence 0.01-4.6 per 1000 persons; period prevalence 0.16-31.04 per 1000 persons) and incidence (0.0-0.3 per 1000 person-years). FTD accounted for an average of 2.7% (range 0-9.1%) of all dementia cases among prevalence studies that included subjects 65 and older compared to 10.2% (range 2.8-15.7%) in studies restricted to those aged less than 65. The cumulative numbers of male (373 [52.5%]) and female (338 [47.5%]) cases from studies reporting this information were nearly equal (p=0.18). The behavioural variant FTD (bvFTD) was almost four times as common as the primary progressive aphasias.ConclusionsPopulation-based estimates for the epidemiology of FTD varied widely in the included studies. Refinements in the diagnostic process, possibly by the use of validated biomarkers or limiting case ascertainment to specialty services, are needed to obtain more precise estimates of the prevalence and incidence of FTD.

MO840ADAPTIVE DESIGN METHODS IN DIALYSIS CLINICAL TRIALS – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor Judge ◽  
Robert Murphy ◽  
Catriona Reddin ◽  
Sarah Cormican ◽  
Andrew Smyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Adaptive Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Lead Author ◽  
Secondary Outcome

Abstract Background and Aims Adaptive design methods are intended to improve efficiency of clinical trials, and relevant to evaluating interventions in dialysis populations. We sought to quantify the use of adaptive design clinical trials in dialysis. Method We completed a full text systematic review and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Our review utilised included a novel machine learning classifier and full text systematic review. We searched MEDLINE (Pubmed) and performed a detailed data extraction of trial characteristics and a narrative synthesis of the data. Results 50 studies, available as 66 articles, were included after full text review. 31 studies were conducted in a dialysis population and 23 studies had renal replacement therapy as a primary or secondary outcome. Group sequential designs were the most common type of adaptive design method used in dialysis randomized clinical trials and in general adaptive designs usage is increasing over time. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) was studied in 27 (54%) of trials, End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) was studied in 22 (44%) of trials and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) was studied in one trial (2%). The most common country of lead author was the United States of America in n=20 (40%) of studies. 26 (52%) studies were supported by public funding. 41 studies (82%) did not report their adaptive design method in the title or abstract and would not be detected by a standard systematic review involving title and abstract searches. Conclusion Adaptive design methods are infrequently used in dialysis randomized control trials.

scholarly journals Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and COVID-19: systematic review and narrative synthesis of efficacy and safety: Systematic review of (hydroxy)chloroquine efficacy and safety

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Takla ◽  
Kamalan Jeevaratnam
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Drug Safety ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has required clinicians to urgently identify new treatment options or the repurposing of existing drugs. Several drugs are now being repurposed with the aim of identifying if these drugs provide some level of disease resolution. Of particular interest are chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), first developed as an antimalarial therapy. There is increasing concern with regards to the efficacy and safety of these agents. The aims of this review are to systematically identify and collate studies describing the use of CQ and HCQ in human clinical trials and provide a detailed synthesis of evidence of its efficacy and safety.Methods and FindingsSearches for (“COVID” AND “chloroquine”[title/abstract] AND “outcomes”[full text]) and two (“COVID” AND “hydroxychloroquine”[title/abstract] AND “outcomes”[full text]) yielded 272 unique articles. Unique articles were manually checked for inclusion and exclusion criteria and also subjected to a quality appraisal assessment. A total of 19 articles were included in the systematic review. Seventy-five percent of observational studies employing an endpoint specific to efficacy recorded no significant difference in the attainment of outcomes, between COVID-19 patients given a range of CQ and/or HCQ doses, and the control groups. All clinical trials and 82% of observational studies examining an indicator unique to drug safety discovered a higher probability of adverse events in those treated patients suspected of, and diagnosed with, COVID-19. Seventy-five percent of the total papers focusing on cardiac side-effects found a greater incidence among patients administered a wide range of CQ and/or HCQ doses, with QTc prolongation the most common finding, in addition to its consequences of VT and cardiac arrest. Of the total studies using mortality rate as an end-point, 60% reported no significant change in the risk of death, while 30% showed an elevation, and 10% a depression, in treated relative to control patients.ConclusionThe strongest available evidence suggests that, relative to standard in-hospital management of symptoms, the use of CQ and HCQ to treat hospitalised COVID-19 patients has likely been unsafe. At the very least, the poor quality of data failing to find any significant changes in the risk of VT should preclude definitive judgment on drug safety until the completion of high-quality randomised clinical trials.

Abstract #273: Benefits of Extended Release Metformin: Systematic Review of the Ongoing Clinical Trials

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Hemant Thacker ◽  
Rajeev Chawla ◽  
Navneet Agrawal ◽  
Rohit Kapoor ◽  
Noel Somasundaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Extended Release

L-arginine effect on inflammatory mediators: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Reza Mirhafez ◽  
Mitra Hariri
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Factor Α

Abstract. L-arginine is an important factor in several physiological and biochemical processes. Recently, scientists studied L-arginine effect on inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). We conducted a systematic review on randomized controlled trials assessing L-arginine effect on inflammatory mediators. We searched data bases including Google scholar, ISI web of science, SCOPUS, and PubMed/Medline up to April 2019. Randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of L-arginine on inflammatory mediators in human adults were included. Our search retrieved eleven articles with 387 participants. Five articles were on patients with cancer and 6 articles were on adults without cancer. L-arginine was applied in enteral form in 5 articles and in oral form in 6 articles. Eight articles were on both genders, two articles were on women, and one article was on men. L-arginine could not reduce inflammatory mediators among patients with and without cancer except one article which indicated that taking L-arginine for 6 months decreased IL-6 among cardiopathic nondiabetic patients. Our results indicated that L-arginine might not be able to reduce selected inflammatory mediators, but for making a firm decision more studies are needed to be conducted with longer intervention duration, separately on male and female and with different doses of L-arginine.

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