scholarly journals Deuterium-depleted Water Stimulates GLUT4 Translocation in the Presence of Insulin, which Leads to Decreased Blood Glucose Concentration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miklós Molnár ◽  
Katalin Horváth ◽  
Tamás Dankó ◽  
Ildikó Somlyai ◽  
Bea Zs Kovács ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Glut 4 ◽  
Deuterium Depleted Water

Abstract BackgroundDeuterium (D) is a stable isotope of hydrogen (H) with a mass number of 2. It is present in natural waters in the form of HDO, at a concentration of 16.8 mmol/L, equivalent to 150 ppm. In a phase II clinical study, deuterium depletion reduced the fasting glucose concentration and insulin resistance.MethodsIn the study, we tested the effect of subnormal D-concentration on glucose metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Animals were randomly distributed into 9 groups to test the effect of D2O (in a range of 25-150 ppm) on glucose metabolism in diabetic animals with or without 2X1 unit/day insulin treatment. Serum glucose, -fructose amine-, -HbAIC, –insulin, and urine glucose were tested. After the 8-week treatment, membrane associated GLUT-4 from soleus muscle content was estimated by Western blot technique.ResultsOur results indicate, that deuterium depletion in the presence of insulin reduced the serum glucose, -fructose amine, and -HbAIC, level on dose dependent manner. The optimal concentration of deuterium was between 125-140 ppm. After 8-week period of deuterium depletion the highest membrane-associated GLUT-4 content was detected at 125 ppm.ConclusionsThese data suggest that deuterium depletion dose-dependently enhances insulin’s effect on GLUT-4 translocation and potentiates glucose uptake in diabetic rats, which explains the lower serum glucose, -fructose amine, and -HbAIC concentrations. Based on our experimental data, deuterium-depleted water could be used to treat patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) by increasing the insulin sensitivity. The experiment indicates that the naturally occurring deuterium has an impact on metabolic regulation.

scholarly journals Deuterium-depleted water stimulates GLUT4 translocation in the presence of insulin, which leads to decreased blood glucose concentration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miklós Molnár ◽  
Katalin Horváth ◽  
Tamás Dankó ◽  
Ildikó Somlyai ◽  
Beáta Zs. Kovács ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Glut4 Translocation ◽  
Deuterium Depleted Water

AbstractDeuterium (D) is a stable isotope of hydrogen (H) with a mass number of 2. It is present in natural waters in the form of HDO, at a concentration of 16.8 mmol/L, equivalent to 150 ppm. In a phase II clinical study, deuterium depletion reduced fasting glucose concentration and insulin resistance. In this study, we tested the effect of subnormal D-concentration on glucose metabolism in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Animals were randomly distributed into nine groups to test the effect of D2O (in a range of 25–150 ppm) on glucose metabolism in diabetic animals with or without insulin treatment. Serum glucose, fructose amine-, HbA1c, insulin and urine glucose levels were monitored, respectively. After the 8-week treatment, membrane-associated GLUT4 fractions from the soleus muscle were estimated by Western blot technique. Our results indicate that, in the presence of insulin, deuterium depletion markedly reduced serum levels of glucose, -fructose amine, and –HbA1c, in a dose-dependent manner. The optimal concentration of deuterium was between 125 and 140 ppm. After a 4-week period of deuterium depletion, the highest membrane-associated GLUT4 content was detected at 125 ppm. These data suggest that deuterium depletion dose-dependently enhances the effect of insulin on GLUT4 translocation and potentiates glucose uptake in diabetic rats, which explains the lower serum glucose, -fructose amine, and –HbA1c concentrations. Based on our experimental data, deuterium-depleted water could be used to treat patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) by increasing insulin sensitivity. These experiments indicate that naturally occurring deuterium has an impact on metabolic regulations.

scholarly journals Deuterium-Depleted Water Stimulates GLUT4 Translocation in the Presence of Insulin, Which Leads to Decreased Blood Glucose Concentration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miklós Molnár ◽  
Katalin Horváth ◽  
Tamás Dankó ◽  
Ildikó Somlyai ◽  
Bea Zs Kovács ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Glut4 Translocation ◽  
Deuterium Depleted Water

Abstract Deuterium (D) is a stable isotope of hydrogen (H) with a mass number of 2. It is present in natural waters in the form of HDO, at a concentration of 16.8 mmol/L, equivalent to 150 ppm. In a phase II clinical study, deuterium depletion reduced fasting glucose concentration and insulin resistance. In this study, we tested the effect of subnormal D-concentration on glucose metabolism in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Animals were randomly distributed into 9 groups to test the effect of D2O (in a range of 25–150 ppm) on glucose metabolism in diabetic animals with or without insulin treatment. Serum glucose, fructose amine-, HbA1c, –insulin and urine glucose levels were monitored, respectively. After the 8-week treatment, membrane associated GLUT4 fractions from the soleus muscle were estimated by Western blot technique. Our results indicate that, in the presence of insulin, deuterium depletion markedly reduced serum levels of glucose, -fructose amine, and –HbA1c, in a dose-dependent manner. The optimal concentration of deuterium was between 125–140 ppm. After a 4-week period of deuterium depletion, the highest membrane-associated GLUT4 content was detected at 125 ppm. This data suggests that deuterium depletion dose-dependently enhances the effect of insulin on GLUT4 translocation and potentiates glucose uptake in diabetic rats, which explains the lower serum glucose, -fructose amine, and –HbA1c concentrations. Based on our experimental data, deuterium-depleted water could be used to treat patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) by increasing insulin sensitivity. These experiments indicate that naturally occurring deuterium has an impact on metabolic regulations.

scholarly journals BANANA PEEL FLAKES ALLEVIATE BLOOD GLUCOSE AND STRESS IN A DOSE-DEPENDENT MANNER

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
ANDREANYTA MELIALA ◽  
YUSTINA ANDWI ARI SUMIWI ◽  
PARAMITA NARWIDINA ◽  
SRI LESTARI SULISTYO RINI ◽  
WIDIASTUTI SETYANINGSIH
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Healthy Control

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic and antidepressant effects of banana peel flakes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty-five male Wistar rats were classified into five groups with different treatments. Groups I to IV were diabetic rats model groups that consumed only standard diet, standard diet containing 5%, 10%, and 20% of banana peel flakes, respectively. While group V was a healthy control group fed a standard diet. Immunohistochemistry staining was measured to examine serotonin expression in the colon and pancreas. Results: The diabetic rats treated with 20% banana peel flakes had a lower blood glucose concentration (p<0.05) compared with diabetic control and showed a shorter duration of immobility time (p<0.05) than the healthy control. Additionally, compared with diabetic control, the diabetic rats treated with 5% banana peel flakes showed higher serotonin expression (p<0.05) in the colon. In contrast, serotonin expression in the pancreas did not show any significant difference (p>0.05). Conclusion: The present study disclosed that the banana peel flakes provided an antidepressant effect in the diabetic rats model, which might occur through the mechanism of controlling blood glucose concentration.

scholarly journals Syzygium polyanthum protects against diabetic cardiac apoptosis in the chronic diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Flori R Sari ◽  
Hari Hendarto ◽  
Chris Adhiyanto ◽  
Fadhlurrahman Ananditya ◽  
Irfiani N ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Beneficial Role ◽  
Cell Death Pathway ◽  
Cardiac Apoptosis ◽  
Persistent Hyperglycemia

Introduction: Hyperglycemia has become the main characteristic of diabetes mellitus. Persistent hyperglycemia directly activates cell death pathway that plays pivotal role in the diabetic complication including diabetic cardiomyopathy. Syzygium polyanthum plays a beneficial role in the diabetic condition by reducing the blood glucose concentration, however the role of this natural resources in preventing further complication of diabetes mellitus has not been revealed fully yet.Method: Syzygium polyanthum dry extract (300 mg/kg body weight) were given daily for 28 days in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Measurement of blood glucose concentration were done three times during the study, meanwhile cholesterol concentration, myocardial diameter and cardiac apoptosis were measured on the day 28 of the study. Cardiac apoptosis was analyzed by the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end-labelling (TUNEL Assay).Results: Persistent hyperglycemia as well as cardiac apoptosis was significantly observed in the diabetic rat (D) on the day 28 of the study confronted to the normal rat (N). Interestingly, significant blood glucose reduction in concomitant with a lesser concentration of cardiac apoptosis were observed in the diabetic rat received 28 days Syzygium polyanthum extract (DS) confronted to the D rat. Additionally, lower plasma cholesterol concentration was significantly observed in the DS rat confronted to the D rat.Discussion: Significant cardiac apoptosis was observed in consistent with persistent hyperglycemia in the D rat as well as lesser cardiac apoptosis was observed in accordance with blood glucose concentration reduction in the DS rat. Therefore, Syzygium polyanthum may play beneficial role in the diabetic-associated cardiac apoptosis through its direct effect on the blood glucose concentration reduction. However further analysis should be done to fully elucidate the apoptotic pathway that involved.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 01 January’21 Page: 16-21

Renal Glycosuria in Pyelonephritis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOWARD TRACHTMAN ◽  
RONALD KAHN
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Pediatric Nephrology ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Renal Glycosuria

Standard pediatric nephrology textbooks do not include acute pyelonephritis in the differential diagnosis of renal glycosuria. Recently, we encountered a 9-month-old girl who had fever up≤39.4°C(103°F) for five to six days. On the sixth day of her illness, a Chemstrip urinalysis was performed and demonstrated the presence of 2+ pyuria, 1+ protein, 1+ hematuria, and 4+ glycosuria. A simultaneous blood glucose concentration was 107 mg/ dL. A repeat urinalysis, done 32 hours after a feeding, confirmed the presence of renal glycosuria, a concurrent serum glucose of 129 mg/dL, pyuria, minimal hematuria, and proteinuria.

scholarly journals Blood glucose concentration measured in EDTA/F plasma and serum in a referral clinical laboratory in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1837-1841
Author(s):  
Vivek Pant ◽  
Keyoor Gautam ◽  
Santosh Pradhan ◽  
Devish Pyakurel ◽  
Abha Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Glucose Estimation

Background: Sodium fluoride tubes or serum separator tubes are mostly used for blood glucose estimation in the clinical laboratories of Nepal. The study aimed to investigate the stability of glucose in samples collected in serum separator tubes and sodium fluoride/sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic tubes by comparing the glucose concentration at 30 minutes and 4 hours collected and handled differently to simulate prolonged sample transport between venipunctures, centrifugation, and measurement.Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from healthy volunteers into two different serum separator tubes and two different sodium fluoride/sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic tubes. Glucose concentration was measured at 30 minutes after venipuncture and compared with results from the same samples analyzed at four hours and with the results from tubes centrifuged with a delay of 4 hours. Differences between baseline and respective delayed analyzed glucose values for each tube type were tested using the Student’s paired t-test and Deming regression.Results: When comparing plasma glucose at 30 minutes, glycolysis caused a relative reduction of the glucose concentration in serum at 30 minutes of 3.1 %, which is only slightly less than at 4 hours (3.7 %). This is still substantially more than the reduction in plasma at 4 hours (1.3 %). Surprisingly, the difference between plasma glucose at 30 minutes and serum glucose at 4 hours was only 1.9% which is not clinically significant.Conclusions: The Na-F/Na2 EDTA tubes and serum separator tubes can be used interchangeably for analysis of blood glucose up to 4 hours if centrifuged within 30 minutes.

scholarly journals The Effect of Some Synthetic Food Colorants on Selected Biochemical Indices of Male Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Wopara, Iheanyichukwu ◽  
C. Awarajih, Uwaezuoke ◽  
Ike, Amanda
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Triglyceride Concentration ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 5

The aim is to evaluate the effect of tartrazine and erythrosine on serum glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. A total of 20 adult male Wistar rats were divided into five groups with 4 rats per group. Group 1 served as the control and was given only water and feed. Whereas group 2, 3, 4, 5 were administered 5 mg/kgb.wt, 10 mg/kgb.wt, 20 mg/kgb.wt, 40 mg/kgb.wt of Tartrazine and Erythrosine via orogastric feeding for 21 days. At the end of 21 days, blood samples were collected via ocular puncture and used to measure glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride concentration in the serum of the animals. The results were analyzed using One way ANOVA, followed by post hoc multiple comparisons and level of significance set at p<0.05. The result revealed that there was a significant difference p<0.05 in the mean glucose concentration of Group 4 (5.81±0.40 mmol/L) and Group 5 (5.28±0.25 mmol/L) when compared with the control (3.27±0.11 mmol/L). Although Group 4 showed a higher mean cholesterol concentration (0.92±0.27 mmol/L) when compared with the control (0.18±0.05 mmol/L) the difference was not significant p>0.05. Furthermore, Group 5 showed no significant mean triglyceride concentration (2.01±0.15 mmol/L) when compared with the control (2.95±0.04 mmol/L). This result revealed that the colourants increased the glucose and cholesterol levels in the test group in a dose-dependent manner. The increase in serum glucose concentration may be an indication of pancreatic cancer caused by the hydrocarbons contained in the colourants.

Transgenic GLUT-4 overexpression in fat enhances glucose metabolism: preferential effect on fatty acid synthesis

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (5) ◽  
pp. E956-E964 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tozzo ◽  
P. R. Shepherd ◽  
L. Gnudi ◽  
B. B. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Glut 4 ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
The Impact

GLUT-4 expression varies widely among normal humans and those with obesity and diabetes. Using the alpha P2 promoter/enhancer ligated to the human GLUT-4 gene, we created transgenic mice to study the impact of alterations in GLUT-4 expression selectively in adipocytes on glucose homeostasis and body composition. Here we investigated molecular mechanisms for enhanced glucose tolerance and obesity in these mice. [U-14C]glucose incorporation into triglycerides, glyceride-glycerol, glyceride-fatty acids, CO2, and lactate was measured in adipocytes incubated at 3, 0.5, and 3 microM glucose with or without maximally stimulating insulin. In nontransgenic and transgenic mice, the major pathway for glucose metabolism shifts from lipogenesis at tracer glucose concentration to glycolysis at physiological glucose concentration. In transgenic adipocytes incubated at 3 microM glucose, metabolism via all major pathways is enhanced by 8.6- to 38-fold in the absence of insulin and 3- to 13-fold in the presence of insulin. At physiological glucose concentration, constitutive metabolism to triglycerides, CO2, and lactate is two- to threefold greater in transgenic than in nontransgenic adipocytes. De novo fatty acid synthesis is preferentially increased: 31-fold for basal and 21-fold for insulin-stimulated compared with nontransgenic adipocytes. Thus overexpression of GLUT-4 in adipocytes of transgenic mice results in increased glucose metabolism in all major pathways, with differential regulation of the pathways involved in lipogenesis.

scholarly journals The Effect of Low Dose Ionizing Radiation and Cadmium Chloride on Glucose Metabolism in Broiler Chickens

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denisa Daňová ◽  
Igor Kafka ◽  
Zuzana Kaleničová ◽  
Jaroslava Nováková
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Group 3

The aim of the study was to observe the effect of ionizing radiation and cadmium chloride on glucose metabolism in broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted on 28-day-old chickens divided into four groups (A, B, C and D). The first group (A) served as control, groups 2 (B) and 3 (C) were irradiated with a single, whole body dose of gamma rays (3 Gy, input 1.14 Gy·min-1) and group 3 (C) was administered a water solution of CdCl2 intraperitoneally at a dose of 6 mg·kg-1 body weight. Group 4 (D) was administered a water solution of CdCl2 intraperitoneally at the same dose as group 3 but chickens of this group were not irradiated with gamma rays. The serum glucose concentration in the chickens that were irradiated and administered CdCl2 solution (C) was decreased significantly (p < 0.05) on days 7, 14 and 21 (p < 0.01) of the experiment compared to control (A). The serum glucose concentration in the chickens administered only CdCl2 (D) was decreased significantly on day 7 compared to control (A). No significant changes in serum glucose concentrations were observed in the remaining group. The results of our experiment indicate that a combined influence of ionizing radiation and administered cadmium chloride resulted in a significant decrease in serum glucose concentration and the influence was more evident than that caused either by cadmium chloride or irradiation alone. The changes in serum glucose concentration observed on days 7 and 14 in gamma-irradiated chickens were lower than those induced only by administration of cadmium chloride.

scholarly journals Insulin and C-peptide response in healthy persons and individuals with impaired glucose metabolism during oral glucose tolerance test

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olgica Nedic ◽  
Jasminka Miloradovic ◽  
Marija Ratkovic ◽  
Romana Masnikosa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
C Peptide

Serial measurements of blood glucose concentration before and after giving a specific amount of glucose orally provide a standard method to evaluate glucose metabolism. Although the reference ranges for glucose concentration in various disease states that are based on impaired glucose homeostasis have been established, the reference values are not clearly defined for insulin and C-peptide concentrations. The aim of this work was to study the insulin and C-peptide response during OGTT. Healthy individuals exhibited the following profile of insulin and C-peptide levels: 15 ? 4.9 mU/L and 0.5 ? 0.19 nmol/L (0 h), 116 ? 52.8 mU/L and 2.3 ? 0.79 nmol/L (1 h) and 59 ? 26.7 mU/L and 2.0 ? 0.67 nmol/L (2 h). Persons with impaired glucose tolerance had higher C-peptide levels at 0 h, 0.6 ? 0.17 nmol/L, and significantly higher insulin and C-peptide concentrations after 1 h, 209 ? 63.8 mU/L and 3.5 ? 1.00, nmol/L and 2 h, 188 ? 48.8 mU/L and 3.6 ? 0.92 nmol/L. Diabetic patients had higher basal levels of C-peptide, 0.8 ? 0.23 nmol/L, insulin and C-peptide increased after 1 h similarly as in healthy people, but further continued to increase significantly, 181 ? 137.6 mU/L and 3.7 ? 1.49 nmol/L. Subjects that exhibited low blood glucose levels demonstrated lower insulin concentrations at all time intervals, 11 ? 2.5 mU/L (0 h), 63 ? 31.1 mU/L (1 h) and 44 ? 22.9 mU/L (2 h), but the concentration of C-peptide leveled with that of the healthy ones. The results of this work may be useful in establishing reference ranges for insulin and C-peptide concentrations for defined time intervals during OGTT, in health and disease.

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