Trophectoderm Biopsy of Blastocysts for a Preimplantation Genetic Test does not Affect Serum β-hCG Levels in Early Pregnancy: A Study using Propensity Score Matching
Abstract Background: Although preimplantation genetic test (PGT) has been used worldwide, few studies investigated the effect of trophectoderm biopsy of the blastocysts on early embryo development. This study aimed to investigate whether trophectoderm (TE) biopsy of blastocysts for a PGT affected serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels 14 days after transfer.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. The study population comprised pregnant women who underwent the transfer of single vitrified-warmed blastocysts after PGT between January 1, 2018, and July 30, 2020. The control group had non-PGT cycles with other inclusion criteria identical to those for the study group. Propensity score matching was used to screen a group of patients so that the baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. Serum β-hCG levels were compared between the PGT and non-PGT cycles. Multiple linear regression was applied to analyze the influence of PGT on serum β-hCG levels, while receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC curves) were plotted to predict pregnancy outcomes using serum β-hCG levels. Results: Serum β-hCG levels were comparable between the PGT and non-PGT patients: live birth: 2478 ± 1675 mIU/mL vs 2303 ± 1300 mIU/mL (P = 0.361); clinical pregnancy: 2244 ± 1537 mIU/mL vs 2270 ± 1387 mIU/mL (P = 0.634); and ongoing pregnancy: 2391 ± 1600 mIU/mL vs 2360 ± 1372 mIU/mL (P = 0.852) respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated no impact of PGT on the serum β-hCG level (standardized coefficients = –0.016, P = 0.756). For clinical pregnancy, the cutoff value was 482 mIU/mL and 277 mIU/mL for PGT and non-PGT patients, respectively. The threshold to predict live birth was 1345 mIU/mL and 1113 mIU/mL in the PGT and non-PGT cycles, respectively.Conclusion: Trophectoderm biopsy of blastocysts for PGT did not affect the serum β-hCG level 14 days after transfer.