scholarly journals Evaluación de la eficacia de un programa de tutoría formativa

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Renata Clerici ◽  
Lorenza Da Re
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Educación Superior ◽  
Central Process ◽  
Educacion Superior ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Selection Of

La tutoría universitaria es un proceso central en el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), en sus distintas modalidades y con sus distintas estrategias. Actualmente, en la educación superior coexiste una transformación basada en una renovada visión del pasado donde la atención personalizada ocupa un lugar privilegiado, con la finalidad de fomentar el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes, favoreciendo el aprendizaje y atenuando el abandono, y donde la tutoría universitaria tiene un papel decisivo. El presente estudio se centra en la evaluación de un programa de tutoría formativa en tres grados de la Universidad de Padua. Se realiza una verificación de la eficacia a través de la creación de un grupo control ex-post, compuesto por los sujetos no-tratados, cuyas características eran similares a las de los sujetos tratados. Se utiliza un procedimiento de propensity score matching. Los resultados muestran que la verificación contra-factual de las hipótesis de investigación acerca de la eficacia del programa da resultados significativos, en relación al abandono, se redujo a la mitad y el rendimiento académico mejoró, sobre todo en términos de resultados de aprendizaje. University tutoring is a central process in the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), with its different modalities and strategies. Nowadays, in post-secondary education a new attention to customer-tailored educational actions coexists with the goal to promote a wholeperson development of students in order to improve learning and contrast drop-outs: university tutoring plays a crucial role in this new vision. The study is focused on the evaluation of a programme of formative tutoring that involved three first-cycle degree courses at the University of Padova. The hypothesis of effectiveness, in particular, was verified by ex-post selection of a control group, composed of the most similar not treated students to treated ones. The selection of the control group members was carried out by propensity score matching, a statistical technique that predicts the probability to receive the treatment accounting for a set of students observable characteristics. This counter-factual causal analysis gave significant results: the drop-out rate fell by half, and performance increased in terms of learning outcomes.

scholarly journals Diferencias en resultados académicos entre educación técnico-profesional y humanista-cientifica en Chile.

2012 ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Mauricio Farías ◽  
Rafael Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Educación Superior ◽  
Educacion Superior

Este estudio compara las diferencias en el rendimiento académico entre estudiantes de enseñanza media técnico-profesional y humanista-científica en Chile, usando propensity score matching y análisis de sensibilidad. Las estimaciones indican que los estudiantes de educación técnico-profesional obtienen en promedio 0,28 desviaciones estándar por debajo de estudiantes similares en educación humanista-científica. Adicionalmente, la evidencia muestra efectos diferenciados según nivel de logro inicial. Estos efectos alcanzan hasta 0,59 desviaciones estándar para alumnos con mayores habilidades académicas. Estos estudiantes podrían limitar seriamente sus oportunidades de acceso a educación superior al preferir educación técnico-profesional. El análisis de sensibilidad sugiere que la mayoría de estas diferencias son suficientemente grandes como para ser significativas incluso ante la posible presencia de variables importantes omitidas.

scholarly journals Effects of Polymyxin B Hemoperfusion on Septic Shock Patients Requiring Noradrenaline: Analysis of a Nationwide Administrative Database in Japan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kenji Fujimori ◽  
Kunio Tarasawa ◽  
Kiyohide Fushimi
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Administrative Database ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Continuous Hemodiafiltration ◽  
Significant Survival ◽  
Maximum Daily Dose ◽  
Polymyxin B Hemoperfusion

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Polymyxin B hemoperfusion (PMX) reduces endotoxin in septic shock patients’ blood and can improve hemodynamics and organ functions. However, its effects on the reduction of septic shock mortality are controversial. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using the Japanese diagnosis procedure combination database from April 2016 to March 2019, we identified adult septic shock patients treated with noradrenaline. This study used propensity score matching to compare the outcome between PMX-treated and non-treated patients. The primary endpoint was 28-day mortality, counting from the day of noradrenaline initiation. The secondary endpoints were noradrenaline-, ventilator-, and continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF)-free days at day 28. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 30,731 eligible patients, 4,766 received PMX. Propensity score matching produced a matched cohort of 4,141 pairs with well-balanced patient backgrounds. The 28-day survival rate was 77.9% in the PMX group and 71.1% in the control group (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001). Median days of noradrenalin-, CHDF-, and ventilator-free days were 2 days (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001), 2 days (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001), and 6 days (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001) longer in the PMX group than in the control group, respectively. When stratified with the maximum daily dose of noradrenaline, the PMX group showed a statistically significant survival benefit in the groups with noradrenaline dose &#x3c;20 mg/day but not in the noradrenaline group dose ≥20 mg/day. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Analysis of large Japanese databases showed that septic shock patients who received noradrenaline might benefit from PMX treatment.

scholarly journals Bicyclol for the treatment of drug-induced liver injury: a propensity score matching analysis using a nationwide inpatient database

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006052110059
Author(s):  
Yongfeng Wang ◽  
Rongtao Lai ◽  
Peilan Zong ◽  
Qingling Xu ◽  
Jia Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽  
Propensity Score Matching Analysis

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of bicyclol in patients with drug-induced liver injury (DILI) using a nationwide database.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of DILI patients in the DILI-R database. Propensity score matching was performed to balance the bicyclol and control groups, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) recovery was compared between the two groups. Factors associated with ALT recovery and safety were identified.ResultsThe analysis included the data of 25,927 patients. Eighty-seven cases were included in the bicyclol group, with 932 cases in the control group. One-to-one propensity score matching created 86 matched pairs. The ALT normalization rate in the bicyclol group was significantly higher than that in the control group (50.00% vs. 24.42%), and statistical significance was found in the superiority test. After adjustment of baseline ALT levels, baseline total bilirubin levels, sex, age, acute or chronic liver diseases, and suspected drugs in the multivariate logic regression analysis, the major influencing factors for ALT recovery included the time interval between ALT tests (days) and the group factor (bicyclol treatment). There were no differences in the proportion of renal function impairment or blood abnormalities between the two groups.ConclusionsBicyclol is a potential candidate for DILI.

scholarly journals Comparison of Long-term outcomes between Lynch sydrome and sporadic colorectal cancer: a propensity score matching analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Xu ◽  
Cong Li ◽  
Charlie Zhi-Lin Zheng ◽  
Yu-Qin Zhang ◽  
Tian-An Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sporadic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Tumor Stages

Abstract Background Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most common hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome. Comparison of prognosis between LS and sporadic CRC (SCRC) were rare,with conflicting results. This study aimed to compare the long-term outcomes between patients with LS and SCRC. Methods Between June 2008 and September 2018, a total of 47 patients were diagnosed with LS by genetic testing at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. A 1:2 propensity score matching was performed to obtain homogeneous cohorts from SCRC group. Thereafter, 94 SCRC patients were enrolled as control group. The long-term survival rates between the two groups were compared, and the prognostic factors were also analyzed. Results The 5-year OS rate of LS group was 97.6%, which was significantly higher than of 82.6% for SCRC group (p = 0.029). The 5-year PFS rate showed no significant differences between the two groups (78.0% for LS group vs. 70.6% for SCRC patients; p = 0.262). The 5-year TFS rates in LS group was 62.1% for LS patients, which were significantly lower than of 70.6% for SCRC group (p = 0.039). By multivariate analysis, we found that tumor progression of primary CRC and TNM staging were independent risk factors for OS. Conclusion LS patients have better long-term survival prognosis than SCRC patients. Strict regular follow-up monitoring, detection at earlier tumor stages, and effective treatment are key to ensuring better long-term prognosis.

scholarly journals Satisfacción del Profesorado Universitario con la Integración de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación.

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 253-276
Author(s):  
Roberto Baelo Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Educación Superior ◽  
Educacion Superior ◽  
Castilla Y Leon ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto

El presente trabajo se enmarca dentro de una investigación que ha analizado la satisfacción del profesorado universitario con el nivel de integración que las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) tienen en los centros universitarios de Castilla y León. Conocer el grado de satisfacción del docente con la integración de las TIC es un indicador esencial para indagar sobre la integración y las posibilidades que éstas brindan al docente dentro de las universidades. El objetivo general que nos planteamos fue recoger información sobre la satisfacción que tiene el profesorado universitario en relación a las posibilidades que las TIC le brindan para el desarrollo de su práctica profesional. Para ello se ha llevado a cabo una investigación ex-post-facto, con una orientación descriptiva y de búsqueda de la mejora, cuyos resultados inciden en una satisfacción generaliza por parte de los docentes con la integración de las TIC dentro de la educación superior de Castilla y León, aunque se ha de señalar que el profesorado requiere de correspondencia por parte de la propia institución con el desarrollo de planes estratégicos para facilitar la integración efectiva de las TIC en las universidades de Castilla y León.

scholarly journals Impact of Dexmedetomidine On Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Recurrence In Uremic Patients Who Received Parathyroidectomy With Auto-Transplantation: A Retrospective Propensity-Matched Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Wu ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Peikun Li ◽  
Xianwen Hu ◽  
Ye Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Parathyroidectomy ◽  
Uremic Patients ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: Recurrence of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) remains a big challenge in uremic patients who underwent total parathyroidectomy with auto-transplantation (tPTX-AT). However, the relationship between perioperative intervention and recurrence of SHPT remains unclear. Dexmedetomidine has been used safely and effectively in uremic patients’ anesthesia. The aim of the study was to explore the effect of dexmedetomidine on the recurrence of SHPT and speculate the possible mechanism of action.Methods: Records of patients who underwent tPTX-AT between 2017 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The study consisted of patients who received dexmedetomidine intra-operatively and the controls were patients who did not receive dexmedetomidine. The primary endpoint was the difference in the recurrence of SHPT one year after surgery between the two groups. The secondary endpoint was health-related quality of life scores. Analysis included propensity score matching and multivariable logistic regression. Results: Of 354 patients, 133 patients received dexmedetomidine intraoperatively, and the total recurrence rate of SHPT was 10.2%. After propensity score matching, patients who received dexmedetomidine had a 3.80-fold decreased risk of SHPT recurrence (odds ratio, 0.263; 95% confidence interval, 0.081 to 0.854; P=0.026) and exhibited a better quality of life in terms of physical functioning and general health, and less emotional role limitations compared with those in control group.Conclusion: In uremic patients who received tPTX-AT, there was an association between dexmedetomidine use and decreased risk of SHPT recurrence. Further studies are needed to accurately assess the effects and mechanism of action of dexmedetomidine on the prognosis of this population.

scholarly journals Relationship between formulaic breast volume and risk of breast cancer based on linear measurements

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Li ◽  
Chunlan Zhou ◽  
Yanni Wu ◽  
Xiaohong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Breast Volume ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Whether breast volume is a risk factor for breast cancer is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate whether a significant association between breast volume and risk of breast cancer, based on linear measurements, was present by applying propensity score matching (PSM). Methods The study was designed as a hospital-based case-control study. Between March 2018 and May 2019, 208 cases and 340 controls were retrospectively reviewed. Information on menarche, smoking, feeding mode, oral contraceptives, reproductive history and family history was obtained through a structured questionnaire. Breast volume was calculated using a formula based on linear measurements of breast parameters. Cox regression and PSM were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for breast cancer using risk factors adjusted for potential confounders. Results There was a significant difference in breast volume between the two groups before propensity score matching (P = 0.014). Binary logistic regression showed that the risk of breast cancer was slightly higher in the case group with larger breast volumes than in the control group(P = 0.009, OR = 1.002, 95%CI:1.000 ~ 1.003). However, there was no significant statistical difference between the two groups using an independent sample Mann-Whitney U test (P = 0.438) or conditional logistic regression (P = 0.446). Conclusions After PSM for potential confounding factors, there is no significant difference in breast volume estimated by BREAST-V formula between the case group and the control group. The risk of breast cancer may not be related to breast volume in Chinese women.

The Issue of Racial Profiling in Traffic Stop Citations

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony G. Vito ◽  
Elizabeth L. Grossi ◽  
George E. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Racial Profiling ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Focal Concerns ◽  
Focal Concerns Theory ◽  
Statistical Results

This study addresses racial profiling when the traffic stop outcome is a citation. This study uses focal concerns theory as a theoretical explanation for police officer decision-making while using propensity score matching to provide similarly situated drivers based on race and/or gender. This study uses traffic stop data (N = 48,586) collected by the Louisville Police Department between January 1 and December 31, 2002. The statistical results show that focal concerns theory components matter the most for traffic stop data even though racial profiling is still an issue. Propensity score matching is a statistical technique that provides a better way to determine whether racial profiling was evident. Gender was not significant for female drivers. This study advances our understanding of race and traffic stop citations using a theoretical explanation.

scholarly journals CLASSICAL MONOPOLAR RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION IN TREATMENT OF LONG-Standing persistent Atrial FIBRILLATION: PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING ANALYSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
A. V. Evtushenko ◽  
V. V. Evtushenko ◽  
E. N. Pavlyukova ◽  
I. O. Kurlov ◽  
V. Kh. Vaizov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Persistent Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Propensity Score Matching Analysis

The article is devoted to the evaluation of the results of clinical application of penetrating radiofrequency ablation techniques on atrial myocardium.Material and Methods. A total of 298 patients with valvular heart disease complicated with atrial fibrillation were operated. All operations were performed under cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegia. The main group consisted of 198 patients who were operated using penetrating technique radiofrequency exposure. The control group consisted of 100 patients who underwent surgery with the use of «classical» monopolar radiofrequency-ablation technique. Both groups did not significantly differ in any parameter before surgery, but to increase confidence in the results, pseudo-randomization was performed using the Propensity score matching technique.Results. Patients with previous heart surgery were excluded during the selection of candidates for the procedure because of the presence of adhesions in the pericardium that did not allow good visualization of the left atrium, sufficient to perform the procedure. Penetrating technique had significantly higher efficiency compared to the «classic» technique in the early and long-term postoperative periods. The efficiency was 93% in the early postoperative period and 88% in the long term. The efficacy of «classical» monopolar procedure was lower: 86 and 68%, respectively.

scholarly journals Aspirin Decreases Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Hepatitis C Virus Carriers: A Nationwide Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Hsiang Liao ◽  
Wen-Lin Hsu ◽  
Tzu-Hwei Wang ◽  
Chen-Ta Wu ◽  
Sheng-Yao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cancer Occurrence

Abstract Background Aspirin lowered some cancer occurrence rate, through the inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzyme. The association of aspirin-use and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence rate in hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers is well known. However, the association in hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers is not known. Our purpose is comparing the HCC occurrence rate in HCV carriers with or without Aspirin treatment. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, the participants were ones newly-diagnosed with HCV from 2000 to 2012 in Taiwan. These HCV carriers with aspirin treatment were defined as the control group, whereas those without aspirin were defined as a compared cohort. We used a 1:1 propensity score matching by age, sex, comorbidities, drugs, diagnosis year and index year with covariate assessment. Results Our study sample consisted of 2980 aspirin-treated HCV carriers and 7771 non-aspirin-treated HCV carriers. After propensity score matching, each cohort consisted of 1911 HCV carriers. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of HCC incidence in aspirin users (aHR=0.56, 95% CI=0.43-0.72, p < 0.001 ) was significantly lower than that in non-aspirin users. The Kaplan-Meier curves show that among the HCV carriers, aspirin users had a lower cumulative incidence rate of HCC in the first 10-year aspirin treatment course ( p < 0.0001 ). Conclusions The HCC incidence rate was lower in the aspirin users than non- aspirin users among HCV carriers, supporting the aspirin effect may be acting through inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzyme pathway. Moreover, the patients got HCC protection by aspirin within 1-year treatment course and had best HCC prevention during 1- to 2-year aspirin treatment course. We encourage aspirin treatment to prevent HCC in HCV carriers.

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