Cross-Sectional Associations Between 24-hour Activity Behaviours and Motor Competence in Youth: A Compositional Data Analysis

Abstract Background The study aimed to examine the cross-sectional associations between 24-hour activity compositions and motor competence in children and adolescents, while stratifying by sex and school type, and investigate the predicted differences in motor competence when time was reallocated between activity behaviours. Methods Data were collected from 359 participants (aged 11.5±1.4 years; 49.3% boys; 96.9% White British). Seven-day 24-hour activity behaviours (sleep, sedentary time, light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) were assessed using wrist-worn accelerometers. Motor competence outcomes were obtained using the Dragon Challenge (process, product, time, and overall scores). Linear mixed models examined associations between activity behaviour compositions and motor competence outcomes for all participants and stratified by school type (primary or secondary) and sex. Post-hoc analyses modelled the influence of reallocating fixed durations of time between activity behaviours on outcomes. Results In all participants, relative to other activity behaviours, MVPA had the strongest associations with motor competence outcomes. The stratified models displayed that MVPA had the strongest associations with outcomes in both sexes, irrespective of school type. The largest positive, and negative predicted differences occurred when MVPA replaced LPA or sleep, and when LPA or sleep replaced MVPA, respectively. Conclusions Relative to other activity behaviours, MVPA appears to have the greatest influence overall on motor competence outcomes. Reallocating time from LPA or sleep to MVPA reflected the largest positive predicted changes in motor competence outcomes. Therefore, our findings reinforce the key role of MVPA for children’s and adolescents’ motor competence.

Download Full-text

Parental-perceived home and neighborhood environmental correlates of accelerometer-measured physical activity among school-going children in Uganda

PLOS Global Public Health ◽

10.1371/journal.pgph.0000089 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (12) ◽

pp. e0000089

Author(s):

Bernadette Nakabazzi ◽

Lucy-Joy M. Wachira ◽

Adewale L. Oyeyemi ◽

Ronald Ssenyonga ◽

Vincent O. Onywera

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Public Schools ◽

Low Income ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Well Being ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

School Type ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Environmental Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional

The benefits of physical activity (PA) on children’s health and well-being are well established. However, many children do not meet the PA recommendations, increasing their risk of being overweight, obese, and non-communicable diseases. Environmental characteristics of homes and neighborhoods may constrain a child’s ability to engage in PA, but evidence is needed to inform country-specific interventions in understudied low-income countries. This study assessed the associations between parental-perceived home and neighbourhood, built environment characteristics, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among children in Kampala city, Uganda. In this cross-sectional study, data were obtained from 256 children (55.5% girls) aged between 10 and 12 years and their parents. Children’s MVPA was measured using waist-worn ActiGraph accelerometers. The environments were assessed using a valid self-reported parent survey. Linear regression models with standard errors (clusters) were used to analyze the relationship between environmental variables and children’s MVPA. Sex-specific relationships were assessed using sex-stratified models. Play equipment at home (β = -2.37, p <0.001; unexpected direction), residential density (β = 2.70, p<0.05), and crime safety (β = -5.29, p <0.05; unexpected direction) were associated with children’s MVPA. The sex-specific analyses revealed more inconsistent patterns of results with a higher perception of land use mix associated with less MVPA in girls (irrespective of school type attended), and higher perceptions of sidewalk infrastructure (β = -12.01, p <0.05) and walking and cycling infrastructure (β = -14.72, p <0.05) associated with less MVPA in girls attending public schools only. A better perception of crime safety was associated with less MVPA among boys and girls attending private schools (β = -3.80, p <0.05). Few environmental characteristics were related to children’s MVPA in Uganda, and findings were largely inconsistent, especially among girls. Future studies are needed to understand the ecological determinants of health-related PA behaviors among children in Uganda.

Download Full-text

Associations Between 24-Hour Time Use and Academic Achievement in Australian Primary School–Aged Children

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198120952041 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (6) ◽

pp. 905-913

Author(s):

Amanda Watson ◽

Dorothea Dumuid ◽

Tim Olds

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Academic Achievement ◽

Daily Activity ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Standardized Test ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Pubertal Development ◽

Compositional Data Analysis ◽

Individual Activity ◽

Cross Sectional

Background Previous research has examined associations between individual activity behaviors and academic achievement. Yet activity behaviors should be analyzed together because they are codependent parts of the 24-hour day. Aims This study aims to explore the associations between all daily activity behaviors (sleep, sedentary time, light physical activity [LPA], and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) and academic achievement using compositional data analysis. Method Participants for this study were drawn from two cohorts: the Australian arm of the cross-sectional International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment ( n = 452; mean age 10.7 years ( SD = 0.4); 54% female) and CheckPoint ( n = 1278; mean age 12 years [ SD = 0.4]; 50% female), a cross-sectional study nested between Waves 6 and 7 of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Objective daily activity behavior data (sleep, sedentary time, LPA, and MVPA) were collected using 8-day, 24-hour accelerometry. Academic achievement was assessed using a nationally administered standardized test in literacy (spelling, grammar and punctuation, writing and reading) and numeracy. Compositional models (adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic position, and pubertal development) regressed academic scores against isometric log ratios of activity behaviors. We used the models to estimate academic achievement for observed daily activity mixes. Estimated outcomes were plotted against time spent in each individual activity domain, and loess curves were fitted. Discussion and conclusion In two different cohorts using two different accelerometers, lower LPA was related to better numeracy and literacy and higher sedentary time to better literacy (relative to time spent in other domains). Discussion and conclusion. LPA likely “drains time” from other movement behaviors, which are beneficial for academic achievement.

Download Full-text

Contexts of sedentary time and physical activity among ageing workers and recent retirees: cross-sectional GPS and accelerometer study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042600 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e042600

Author(s):

Sanna Pasanen ◽

Jaana I Halonen ◽

Anna Pulakka ◽

Yan Kestens ◽

Benoit Thierry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Behaviour ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Active Travel ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ageing Workers ◽

Activity Behaviour

ObjectivesWe examined sedentary time and physical activity in different contexts among ageing workers, between their workdays and days off, and recent retirees, between their weekdays and weekend days.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingFinnish Retirement and Aging study and Enhancing physical activity and healthy ageing among recent retirees—Randomised controlled in-home physical activity trial.Participants137 workers (544 measurement days) and 53 retirees (323 days), who provided data for at least 1 workday/weekday and 1 day off/weekend day.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPhysical activity behaviour was measured with a combined Global Positioning System and accelerometer device (SenseDoc V.2.0), providing information on sedentary time, light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) by locations (home or non-home) and trips (active travel, ie, speed <20 km/hour and passive travel, ie, speed ≥20 km/hour).ResultsWorkers accumulated more sedentary time and physical activity at non-home locations than at home on workdays, while the opposite was confirmed for days off (p<0.01). Workers accrued more MVPA on days off than on workdays (34 vs 28 min, p<0.05), of which 9 min on workdays and 14 min on days off was accrued during active travel. Retirees’ physical activity behaviour did not differ between weekdays and weekend days (p>0.05). Regardless of the day, retirees accumulated 33 min of daily MVPA, of which 14 min was accrued during active travel.ConclusionsWorkers accumulated more MVPA on days off than on workdays, and their activity behaviour varied between workdays and days off at different locations. Our results showed that a large proportion of the MVPA was accumulated during travel at slower speeds, which suggests that active travel could be a feasible way to increase MVPA among older adults.Trial registration numberNCT03320746.

Download Full-text

Risk Factors of Overweight and Obesity among High School Students in Bahir Dar City, North West Ethiopia: School Based Cross-Sectional Study

Advances in Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/294902 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zelalem Alamrew Anteneh ◽

Molla Gedefaw ◽

Kidist Nigatu Tekletsadek ◽

Meseret Tsegaye ◽

Dagmawi Alemu

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

High School Students ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

School Type ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Measurements

Background. Overweight and obesity are risk factors for diet-related noncommunicable diseases. These diseases are the fifth leading risks for global deaths. Virtually, all age groups are affected from consequences of overweight and obesity.Methods. Cross-sectional study was conducted among 431 school adolescents. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire and physical measurements. The sex and age specific BMI was computed using WHO Anthroplus software and the data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results. The magnitudes of overweight and obesity were 12.3% and 4.4%, respectively, and the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity together was 16.7%. Three-fourths of the respondents (74.7%) had healthy body mass index; however, 8.6% were underweight. Sex, frequency of eating food out of home, school type, family monthly income, family having vehicle, vigorous physical activity, and frequency of vigorous physical activity were statistically significant predictors of overweight and obesity.Conclusion.The problems of overweight and obesity are taking place while students are still under the risk of underweight. Several factors were correlated with overweight and obesity. Therefore, interventions targeting gender, frequency of eating food out of home, vigorous activities, and frequency of doing vigorous physical activity are recommended.

Download Full-text

The Relation between Domain-Specific Physical Behaviour and Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Cross-Sectional Compositional Data Analysis on the Physical Activity Health Paradox Using Accelerometer-Assessed Data

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17217929 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (21) ◽

pp. 7929

Author(s):

Margo Ketels ◽

Charlotte Lund Rasmussen ◽

Mette Korshøj ◽

Nidhi Gupta ◽

Dirk De Bacquer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Health Effects ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Compositional Data ◽

Longitudinal Design ◽

Compositional Data Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Paradox

In contrast to leisure time physical activity (LTPA), occupational physical activity (OPA) does not have similar beneficial health effects. These differential health effects might be explained by dissimilar effects of LTPA and OPA on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). This study investigated cross-sectional associations between different physical behaviours during both work and leisure time and CRF by using a Compositional Data Analysis approach. Physical behaviours were assessed by two accelerometers among 309 workers with various manual jobs. During work time, more sedentary behaviour (SB) was associated with higher CRF when compared relatively to time spent on other work behaviours, while more SB during leisure time was associated with lower CRF when compared to other leisure time behaviours. Reallocating more time to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from the other behaviours within leisure time was positively associated with CRF, which was not the case for MVPA during work. The results of our study are in line with the physical activity health paradox and we call for further study on the interaction between LTPA and OPA by implementing device-worn measures in a longitudinal design. Our results highlight the need for recommendations to take into account the different effects of OPA and LTPA on CRF.

Download Full-text

Excellent Self-Rated Health Associated With Activities of Higher Intensities: A Compositional Data Analysis Approach

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2019-0044 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 1007-1013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Philip von Rosen ◽

Maria Hagströmer

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Compositional Data ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Compositional Data Analysis ◽

Activity Data ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Intensity Physical Activity

Background: This study investigates the association between self-rated health and the time spent in sedentary behavior (SB), low light-intensity physical activity (LLPA), high light-intensity physical activity (HLPA), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), by controlling for demographics, socioeconomic status, and chronic diseases. Methods: A total of 1665 participants (55% women) completed a questionnaire about demographics, chronic diseases, and anthropometric characteristics and provided objective physical activity data on time in SB, LLPA, HLPA, and MVPA, using an ActiGraph 7164 accelerometer. Association between self-rated health and activity data was explored in a compositional data analysis. Results: The multinomial logistic regression analysis showed a significantly lower time spent in MVPA in proportion to time in other movement behaviors (SB, LLPA, and HLPA) for participants who rated their health as alright or poor compared with excellent (P < .001). Participants with poor, compared with excellent health, spent about a third of the time in MVPA (17 vs 50 min), marginally higher time in HLPA (134 vs 125 min), more time in LLPA (324 vs 300 min), and similar time in SB (383 vs 383 min), accounting for confounders and time in other movement behaviors. Conclusions: Promoting MVPA, as opposed to time in other movement behaviors, is suggested to be beneficial for excellent self-rated health.

Download Full-text

PE Teacher and Classmate Support in Level of Physical Activity: The Role of Sex and BMI Status in Adolescents from Kosovo

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/290349 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Michal Bronikowski ◽

Malgorzata Bronikowska ◽

Ida Laudańska-Krzemińska ◽

Adam Kantanista ◽

Besnik Morina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Screening Measure ◽

Activity Screening ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Classmate Support ◽

High Support

The aim of this paper is to examine the role of physical education (PE) teacher and classmate support in relation to sex and BMI status in adolescents’ physical activity (PA) in Kosovo. A Classmate and Teacher Support Scale (with additional questions) was used on a cross-sectional sample of 608 girls and 620 boys aged 15–18, randomly selected from secondary schools of seven major municipalities in Kosovo. PA level was determined with a Physical Activity Screening Measure questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and a three-way ANOVA, along with Tukey’s HSD post hoc test, were employed. The findings showed the levels of teacher and classmate support to be important factors in stimulating adolescents’ PA. It was found that boys with normal weight, high support from teachers, and medium or high support from classmates were more physically active, compared with girls.

Download Full-text

Adolescent physical activity: role of the level of physical activity and parental social support

10.21203/rs.2.16556/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Edina Maria de Camargo ◽

Jose Francisco López-Gil ◽

Thiago Silva Piola ◽

Jorge Mota ◽

Wagner de Campos

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Social Support ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Education Level ◽

Or Education ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Activity Recommendations

Abstract Background: Maximising the level of physical activity in adolescents has been a concern for many researchers given its multiple benefits for health. To verify the association between adolescents compliance with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and their parental or legal guardian social support (SS) and MVPA compliance. Methods: Cross-sectional study that selected 1390 (59.6% female) adolescents. The questionnaires IPAQ, QAFA and ASAFA were used. Results: In relation to boys, receiving incentives from parents who “assist always” (OR=1.96 – CI95%=1.16–3.32) and having parents/legal guardians who meet the MVPA recommendations (OR=2.78 – CI95%=1.76–4.38) was associated with meeting the MVPA recommendations. The probability increases when adjusted by socioeconomic status (OR=3.47 – CI95%=1.73–6.96) or education level (OR=4.20 – CI95%=1.96–9.02). Regarding girls, parents who “encourage sometimes” was associated negatively (OR=0.61 – CI95%=0.37–0.98) and meet the MVPA recommendations (OR=2.04 – CI95%=1.46–2.87) was associated positively with meeting the recommendations for adolescents. The likelihood raises when adjusted by socioeconomic status (OR=2.11 – CI95%=1.36–3.29) or education level (OR=4.30 – CI95%=2.41–7.69). Conclusions: Having parents who meet the physical activity recommendations demonstrated higher results in adolescents engaging 60 minutes of MVPA daily when compared to receiving social support, for both boys and girls.

Download Full-text

Interactions between Sedentary and Physical Activity Patterns, Lean Mass, and Bone Density in Arab Men

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2019/5917573 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shaea Alkahtani ◽

Khalid Aljaloud ◽

Sobhy Yakout ◽

Nasser M. Al-Daghri

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Arab Men ◽

Activity Questionnaire

The study examined the associations between physical activity and appendicular lean mass (ALM), fat mass, and bone mineral density (BMD) and examined the role of physical activity on these variables. The participants included 497 men (age: 32.2±10.4 years and body mass index: 28.2±5.4 kg/m2). The study was cross-sectional, and measurements included body composition measured on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and self-reported physical activity assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Physical activity, including light physical activity, was associated with increased ALM (P≤0.05). Fat indicators, including waist circumference, were positively associated with ALM (P≤0.05), but not with BMD. Physical activity, including moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, was not associated with BMD, whereas ALM and handgrip strength were significantly associated with BMD (P≤0.05). Physical activity independent of exercise intensity was directly associated with ALM and indirectly associated with BMD through increased muscle mass and strength.

Download Full-text