Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognostic Factors in Axial Chondroblastomas: A Retrospective Analysis of 61 Cases and Comparison with Extra-Axial Chondroblastomas

Abstract Background The clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of axial chondroblastoma (ACB) are still poorly understood. Purpose To characterize clinicopathological characteristics in a large ACB cohort and investigate their correlation with survival. We also sought to compare these results with extra-axial CB (EACB). Methods Our institution's local database was retrospectively reviewed and included a total of 132 CB patients, including 61 ACB patients and 71 EACB patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression levels of Vimentin (Vim), S100, and cytokeratin (CK) on tumor cells in 132 tissue specimens. Results Overall, ACB and EACB had similar characteristics, except for older age and tumor size, as well as higher Vim expression, incidence of surrounding tissue invasion and postoperative sensory or motor dysfunction. Whereas wide resection and absence of invasion of surrounding tissues were consistently associated with favorable survival in the ACB and EACB cohorts in univariate analysis, most parameters showed differential prognostic significance between the 2 groups. Significant prognostic factors for local recurrence-free survival in multivariate analysis included the type of resection and chicken-wire calcification in the ACB cohort. Multivariate analysis of overall survival demonstrated that the type of resection was a significant predictor in the ACB cohort, whereas the type of resection and postoperative sensory or motor dysfunction were predictive of overall survival in the EACB group. Conclusion These data suggest that there may be distinct biological behaviors between ACB and EACB and may provide useful information to better understand the prognostic characteristics of patients with ACB and to improve outcome prediction in patients with ACB.

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Prognostic factors in duodenal adenocarcinoma.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e15797 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e15797-e15797

Author(s):

Brandon M Huffman ◽

Zhaohui Jin ◽

Cristobal T. Sanhueza ◽

Mindy L. Hartgers ◽

Benny Johnson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Tumor Invasion ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Clinical Staging ◽

Lymph Node Status ◽

Duodenal Adenocarcinoma

e15797 Background: Duodenal adenocarcinoma is a rare tumor representing approximately 0.3% of all gastrointestinal tract cancers. Prognostic factors in relation to survival outcomes for these patients are sporadically reported in the medical literature. We aimed to evaluate outcomes of patients with duodenal adenocarcinoma who underwent pancreaticojejunostomy treated at Mayo Clinic Rochester from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2016. Methods: Clinicopathological data of 52 duodenal cancer patients were collected. JMP software was used for statistical analysis. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests were used for survival analysis, and multivariate cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the prognostic effect of pertinent clinical variables. All tests were two sided and a P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 65.9 years (range 39-81). The median overall survival was 51 months (95% CI 31.3-105.4) and the median progression free survival was 30.4 months with median follow up of 73.4 months. There were 3, 9, 21, and 19 patients with stage I, II, III, and IV disease, respectively. Depth of tumor invasion (p = 0.0156) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0441) were associated with overall survival on multivariate analysis. Advanced clinical staging influenced overall survival in univariate analysis, but lost prognostic significance in multivariate analysis. Age, gender, surgical technique, presence of metastases, tumor size, number of lymph nodes removed, location of duodenal segment involvement, and adjuvant treatment had no significant impact on overall survival. Laparoscopic approach did not influence survival but was associated with less hospital days (p = 0.0437). Conclusions: Depth of tumor invasion and lymph node status were associated with improved overall survival in patients with duodenal adenocarcinoma. Laparoscopic procedure decreased the hospital stay without affecting outcomes.

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The Clinical and Prognostic Significance of Protein Arginine Deiminases 2 and 4 in Colorectal Cancer

Pathobiology ◽

10.1159/000518414 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Mohamed Gijon ◽

Rachael L. Metheringham ◽

Michael S. Toss ◽

Samantha J. Paston ◽

Lindy G. Durrant

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Survival Time ◽

Patient Survival ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

High Expression ◽

Related Protein ◽

Post Translational Modification

Introduction: Protein arginine deiminases (PADIs) are a family of enzymes that catalyse the post-translational modification of proteins. Association between PADI expression and clinicopathology, protein expression, and outcome was determined. Methods: PADI2 and PADI4 expression was assessed immunohistochemically in a cohort of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Results: CRC tissues expressed variable levels of PADI2 which was mainly localised in the cytoplasm and correlated with patient survival (p = 0.005); high expression increased survival time from 43.5 to 67.6 months. Expression of cytoplasmic PADI2 correlated with the expression of nuclear β catenin, PADI4, and alpha-enolase. In contrast, expression of nuclear PADI2 correlated with a decrease in survival (p = 0.010), with high expression decreasing survival from 76.4 to 42.9 months. CRC tissues expressed variable levels of PADI4 in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Expression of cytoplasmic PADI4 correlated with survival (p = 0.001) with high expression increasing survival time from 48.1 to 71.8 months. Expression of cytoplasmic PADI4 correlated with expression of nuclear β catenin, alpha-enolase (p ≤ 0.0001, p = 0.002), and the apoptotic related protein, Bcl-2. Expression of nuclear PADI4 also correlated with survival (p = 0.011), with high expression of nuclear PADI4 increasing survival time from 55.4 to 74 months. Expression of nuclear PADI4 correlated with p53, alpha-enolase, and Bcl-2. Multivariate analysis showed that TNM stage, cytoplasmic PADI2, and PADI4 remained independent prognostic factors in CRC. Both PADI2 and PADI4 are good prognostic factors in CRC. Conclusion: High expression of cytoplasmic PADI2, PADI4, and nuclear PADI4 were associated with an increase in overall survival.

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Prognostic factors for intrathyroidal papillary carcinomas – a multivariate analysis

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl201662556-57 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 56-57

Author(s):

Nada Miroslav Santrac ◽

Ivan Zoran Markovic ◽

Merima Ramiz Goran ◽

Marko Nikola Buta ◽

Igor Dusan Djurisic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Total Thyroidectomy ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Adequate Treatment ◽

Ptnm Classification ◽

Quality Life ◽

Poorly Differentiated

Aim: to examine prognostic significance of patient-related, tumor-related and treatment-related factors for intrathyroidal papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC), via multivariate analysis.Material and methods. This study included 153 patients with intrathyroidal PTCs (pT1/pT2/pT3) surgically treated in our Institution during two-decade period. Patients with locally invasive tumors (pT4) and initial distant metastases (M1) were excluded. Parameters of interest were: gender (male; female), age (<=45; >45 years), tumor size (pTNM classification WHO 1984), multifocality (no; yes), histological type of PTC (pure; microcarcinoma; follicular; poorly differentiated), presence of lymphonodal metastases (pN1a; ipsilateral-pN1b; contralateral-pN1b; total), surgery extent (total thyroidectomy; total thyroidectomy with lymphonodal dissections). Univariate and multivariate analysis of all parameters was performed in order to distinguish factors of significance for disease-free survival (DFS) and cancer-specific overall survival (cs-OS).Results. In the follow-up, 10% of patients had locoregional or distant relapse, while 5.2% died due to PTC. Univariate analysis distinguished older age, male gender, tumors over 4cm in diameter, multifocality and poorly differentiated PTC-types as unfavorable prognostic factors for cs-OS. DFS was significantly shorter in males vs. females, as well as in patients with multifocal vs. solitary PTC. Tumor multifocality was unfavorable prognostic factor for both DFS and cs-OS. Independent prognostic factors for intrathyroidal PTCs, based on Cox multivariate analysis, were multifocality and gender for DFS, and multifocality and age at diagnosis for cs-OS.Conclusions. Prognostic factors define risk groups within population of differentiated PTCs providing timely, adequate treatment and opportunity for longer quality life of patients with PTCs.

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Prognostic value of hemoglobin in natural killer cell lymphoma

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.17557 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 17557-17557

Author(s):

J. Xiao ◽

T. Lin ◽

Y. Cao ◽

X. Fu ◽

C. Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Natural Killer ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Nk Cell ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

Southern China ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Stage I

17557 Background: Natural Killer (NK) cell lymphoma is a group of increasingly recognized but poorly defined disease entities. This study investigated its clinical features and prognostic factors for southern China population. Methods: Patients with pathologically confirmed NK cell lymphoma in one center since 1999 to 2004 were included. Central histological and immunohistochemical review was undertaken to every case. The major study endpoint was overall survival. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Detailed clinical, pathological and laboratory data were included in univariate analysis and statistically significant factors in univariate analysis were then included in multivariate analysis. Results: Totally 64 eligible patients were identified. Of these, 59 patients were extranodal NK cell lymphoma nasal type, 3 patients were aggressive NK cell lymphoma and 2 patients were blastic NK cell lymphoma. From the basic analysis, 47% of the patients had stage I disease, 42% were stage II, 11% were stage III or IV. B-symptoms were present in 39%. 73% of these patients had International Prognostic Index (IPI) 0 or 1. Before treatment, 25% complicated with anemia. As to the therapy, 38% received chemotherapy alone, 3% received radiotherapy alone and 59% received a multidisciplinary therapy. After initial therapy, 59% achieved CR, 22% achieved PR and 19% were refractory disease. With a median follow-up duration of 20 months, the median overall survival was 28 months (95% CI: 10, 45). Hb lower than 110 g/l before treatment was statistically significant in multivariate analysis (p = 0.031). Presenting B-symptoms and ECOG PS score higher than 1 were also independent prognostic factors (P = 0.001 and 0.006 respectively). Conclusions: The outcome of patients with NK cell lymphoma was poor even for Stage I or II cases. Our data suggested Hemoglobin < 110 g/l had more prognostic value than IPI and Ann Arbor staging system for NK cell lymphoma in southern China, but it needs further confirmation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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An evaluation of the prognostic factors in metastatic gestational trophoblastic disease

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1046/j.1525-1438.1994.04010036.x ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 36-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

H. Y.S. Ngan ◽

A. D.B. Lopes ◽

I. J. Lauder ◽

B. H. Martin ◽

L. C. Wong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Hazard Analysis ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease ◽

Chi Square ◽

Trophoblastic Disease ◽

Figo Staging ◽

Metastatic Sites

A retrospective evaluation of prognostic factors in 55 patients suffering from metastatic gestational trophoblastic disease (MGTD) treated by modified Bagshawe's CHAMOCA regimen was done. The prognostic significance of the eight prognostic factors in the WHO scoring system, number of sites of metastasis and FIGO staging were evaluated by univariate analysis using Chi-square test with Yates' correction and odds ratio and by multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazard analysis and logistic regression analysis. In the univariate analysis, the intervals between antecedent pregnancy and the diagnosis of GTD, (P= 0.004) the level of hCG (P= 0.02) and the number of metastatic sites (P= 0.046) were significantly associated with death. In the multivariate analysis, only the interval between the antecedent pregnancy and the diagnosis and the level of hCG were significantly associated with death. Thus, it seems that the interval between antecedant pregnancy and the diagnosis and the level of hCG were the two most significant factors in predicting mortality in high risk MGTD. The WHO staging was more predictive of poor outcome than that of the FIGO staging in this group of patients.

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Impact of Superselective Intra-Arterial and Systemic Chemoradiotherapy for Gingival Carcinoma; Analysis of Treatment Outcomes and Prognostic Factors

10.21203/rs.3.rs-56332/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuki Mukai ◽

Yuichiro Hayashi ◽

Izumi Koike ◽

Toshiyuki Koizumi ◽

Madoka Sugiura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Performance Status ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Stage Iv ◽

Progression Free Survival ◽

Free Survival

Abstract Background: We compared outcomes and toxicity between radiation therapy (RT) with concurrent retrograde super-selective intra-arterial chemotherapy (IACRT) and RT with concurrent systemic chemoradiotherapy (SCRT), for gingival carcinoma (GC).　Methods: We included 84 consecutive patients who were treated for GC ≥ stage III, from 2006 to 2018, in this retrospective analysis (IACRT group: n=66; SCRT group: n=18).Results: Median follow-up time was 24 (range: 1–124) months. The median prescribed dose was 60 (6–70.2) Gy (IACRT group: 60 Gy; SCRT group:69 Gy). At 3 years, the two groups significantly differed in overall survival (OS; IACRT: 78.75%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 66.00–87.62; SCRT: 50.37%, 95% CI: 27.58–73.0; P = 0.039), progression-free survival (PFS; IACRT: 75.64%, 95% CI: 62.69–85.17; SCRT: 41.96%, 95% CI: 17.65–70.90; P = 0.028) and local control (LC; IACRT: 77.17%, 95% CI: 64.23–86.41; SCRT: 41.96%, 95% CI: 17.65–70.90; P = 0.015). In univariate analysis, age ≥ 65, decreased performance status (PS) and SCRT were significantly associated with worse outcomes (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, age ≥ 65 years, clinical stage IV, and SCRT were significantly correlated with poor OS (P < 0.05). Patients with poorer PS had significantly worse PFS.Conclusions: This is the first report to compare outcomes from IACRT and SCRT among patients with GC. IACRT is an effective and organ-preserving treatment for GC.Trial registration: retrospectively registered

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Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in CLL: clinical stage, IGVH gene mutational status, and loss or mutation of the p53 gene are independent prognostic factors

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v100.4.1177.h81602001177_1177_1184 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 100 (4) ◽

pp. 1177-1184 ◽

Cited By ~ 375

Author(s):

David G. Oscier ◽

Anne C. Gardiner ◽

Sarah J. Mould ◽

Sharron Glide ◽

Zadie A. Davis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

P53 Gene ◽

Early Stage Disease ◽

Cd38 Expression ◽

Mutational Status ◽

Chromosome 11Q23

This study evaluates the prognostic significance of genetic abnormalities (detected at or shortly after presentation), clinical stage, lymphocyte morphology, CD38 expression, and IGVHgene status in 205 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Deletion of chromosome 11q23, absence of a deletion of chromosome 13q14, atypical lymphocyte morphology, and more than 30% CD38 expression are significantly associated with the presence of unmutatedIGVH genes. Advanced stage, male sex, atypical morphology, more than 30% CD38 expression, trisomy 12, deletion of chromosome 11q23, loss or mutation of the p53 gene, and unmutatedIGVH genes are all poor prognostic factors in a univariate analysis. However, only 98% or more homology of IGVH genes to the germline sequence, loss or mutation of the p53 gene, and clinical stage retain prognostic significance in a multivariate analysis. The median survival of patients with mutated IGVHgenes, unmutated IGVH genes, and loss or mutation of thep53 gene regardless of IGVH gene status is 310, 119, and 47 months, respectively. These data should facilitate the design of new trials for the management of patients presenting with advanced disease or poor prognosis early stage disease.

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Do pathological parameters of primary tumor correlate with overall survival (OS) of metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)?

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2016.34.2_suppl.549 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (2_suppl) ◽

pp. 549-549

Author(s):

Umberto Basso ◽

Marco Maruzzo ◽

Anna Paola Fraccon ◽

Teodoro Sava ◽

Francesco Massari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Primary Tumor ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Fuhrman Grade ◽

Metastatic Setting ◽

N Stage ◽

Grade 3

549 Background: T and N stage, Fuhrman grade, necrosis and sarcomatoid features in the primary tumor are key prognostic factors for relapse of ccRCC, but they are not part of Heng's algorithm applied to predict OS in the metastatic setting, which instead is based on 6 clinical/laboratory items. Methods: Retrospective analysis on correlation between pathological parameters and OS (from start of first-line targeted therapy) and Heng's prognostic factors in a multicenter cohort of pts with advanced ccRCC, all of whom had undergone surgery on the kidney. Results: From 2006 to 2012, data of 903 eligible metastatic pts were collected from 33 Italian Oncology Institutions, median age 66 years, 72.6% males, 36.4 metastatic at diagnosis. After a median observation of 42 mo, 70,5% of pts died, estimated OS is 28.5 mo. Heng good prognosis pts were 14.45%, intermediate 69.1% and poor 16.45%. Univariate analysis showed that all pathological parameters significantly correlated with OS: T stage 3-4 vs 1-2 (HR 1.3), N1 vs N0 (1.3), Fuhrman grade 3-4 vs 1-2 (1.7) presence of necrosis (1.5) and sarcomatoid features (1,6). All pathological parameters had a strong correlation with a time to metastases < 1 year, while only weak correlations were found with the other clinical prognostic items of Heng's model. At multivariate analysis only N stage showed an independent impact on OS (table). Conclusions: T3-4 stage, N1, Fuhrman grade 3-4, presence of necrosis and sarcomatoid features negatively affect OS of metastatic ccRCC, but clinical items of Heng's model confirm to have a more robust prognostic significance at multivariate analysis. [Table: see text]

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Prognostic Factors for Myelodysplastic Syndrome in the Veteran Population: Single Institution Experience.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v110.11.4622.4622 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 110 (11) ◽

pp. 4622-4622

Author(s):

Michael Axelson ◽

Shirisha Reddy ◽

Crystal Lumby ◽

Sue Sivess-Franks ◽

Jonathan Dowell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Medical Center ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Single Institution ◽

Number Of Patients

Abstract Background: Myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) is the disease of the elderly and increasingly common in the veteran population. Here we report a single institution experience with MDS at the Dallas VA Medical Center. Patients and Method: From a period of 1998–2007, eighty three pts were identified out of which 54 pts had bone marrow (BM) biopsy proven diagnosis of MDS. Overall survival (OS) analysis with dependent variables (Age at diagnosis, IPSS Score, WHO morphologic diagnosis, number of blood and platelet transfusions required, Hb level, ANC, cytogenetics, blast percentage, BM cellularity at diagnosis) were conducted by selection method “foreward” and only these significant variables were used in the Cox regression for multivariate analysis. Methods of Kaplan and Meier were used to generate OS curves. Results: The median age of diagnosis was 74 yrs with a median follow up time of 12.5 months. The WHO morphologic subtype was RA/RARS (n=13), Del5q (n=1), RCMD/RCMDRS (n=34), RAEB1 (n=3), RAEB2 (n=1), missing (n=2). The distribution of IPSS score was 0 (n=25); 0.5 (n=15); 1.0 (n=8), 1.5 (n=4), missing (n=2). Five pts had treatment related MDS and 3 pts transformed to AML. One patient had concurrent MGUS and one patient developed multiple myeloma. At diagnosis, 23 pts had a hemoglobin (Hb) value of less than 10g/dl. Only 4 pts had ANC less than 500; sixteen pts had ANC 500–1800 and 34 pts had normal counts. A majority of pts had normal cytogenetics (n=37), 5 pts had good risk, 5 pts had intermediate risk and 7 pts had poor risk cytogenetics. Six pts had hypocellular (<30%) BM at diagnosis whereas 16 pts had a hypercellular marrow (> 50%). Only 4 pts had more than 5% blast in the BM. Twenty nine pts eventually became blood transfusion dependent and 12 pts needed platelet transfusion at some point. Thirty six pts were treated with erythropoietin (with or without neupogen) and 13 pts received some type of disease modifying therapy (5-azacytidine/lenalidomide/ATG/clinical trial). The mean survival time was 106 months. Median survival was not reached at the time of analysis. In the univariate analysis, IPSS score (p=0.003), No. of blood transfusions (p=0.028), cytogenetics (p=0.0001) and blast percentage (p=0.0015), were statistically significant. BM cellularity (p=0.06) and Hb level (p=0.09) showed a trend towards significance. On multivariate analysis, Hb greater than 10 (HR 0.08; p=0.011), abnormal cytogenetics (HR 4.2; p=0.001), BM Blast > 5% (p=0.026) and BM cellularity < 30% (HR 4.6; p=0.033) emerged as the significant predictors of overall survival. IPSS score or Blood transfusion requirement did not pan out to be significant. Conclusion: MDS in the veteran population may be different from general population and may have unique predictors of survival. A larger number of patients and longer duration of follow up is required to further evaluate these prognostic factors.

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Prognostic significance of histopathological factors in survival and recurrence of atypical carcinoid tumours

Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery ◽

10.1093/icvts/ivab026 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Eva-María García-Fontán ◽

Miguel-Ángel Cañizares-Carretero ◽

Montserrat Blanco-Ramos ◽

Jose-María Matilla-González ◽

Rommel Carrasco-Rodríguez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Mitotic Index ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Nodal Involvement ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Disease Free Interval ◽

Free Interval ◽

Disease Free

Abstract OBJECTIVES Atypical carcinoids are neuroendocrine neoplasms of intermediate degree and low frequency. The aim of this study is to analyse their clinical characteristics and the importance of different histopathological factors in their prognosis. METHODS Multicentre cooperative group EMETNE prospectively reviewed 153 patients operated on between 1998 and 2016 with diagnosis of atypical carcinoids. Clinical variables and histopathological features were assessed. RESULTS Mean age was 54.36 years, similar for both genders. Concerning pathological study, mean tumour size was 31.7 mm. Rosettes were presented in 17% of the cases and tumoural necrosis in 23.3%. The cell proliferation factor Ki-67 index was 10.7%. The 2- and 5-year overall survival rates were 95.8% and 88.9%, respectively. In the univariate study, statistically significant differences in survival were found for each of the categories of T, N and M factors. Mitotic index and quantification of expression of Ki-67 showed influence in overall survival, although without statistical significance. In the multivariate analysis, factors N, M and mitotic index behaved as independent prognostic factors related to survival. Median disease-free interval in the series was 163.35 months. In cases with loco-regional recurrence, 53% had positive hiliar or mediastinal nodal involvement at the time of the surgery. In the univariate analysis, we observed statistically significant differences in disease-free interval in patients with nodal involvement (P = 0.024) and non-anatomical resections (P = 0.04). Histological characteristics showed no statistically significant differences in disease-free interval. CONCLUSIONS Lymph node involvement, the development of distant metastasis and mitotic index, more than Ki-67 determination, were shown as independent prognostic factors related to survival of these patients.

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