scholarly journals Tillage practices and residue management manipulate soil bacterial and fungal assembly and co-occurrence network patterns in maize agroecosystem

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yang ◽  
Yupeng Guan ◽  
Cheng Zhai ◽  
Lin Du ◽  
Yanxiang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Deep Tillage ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Network Patterns ◽  
Residue Retention

Abstract Background: Tillage practices and residue management are highly important agricultural practices. However, very few studies have examined the influence of tillage practices and residue management on both bacterial and fungal communities and network patterns in consecutive years. Results: We examined the effects of different tillage practices, including no tillage, rotary tillage, and deep tillage, on the soil bacterial and fungal communities and co-occurrence networks following residue removal and residue retention in 2017 and 2018. This study showed that both bacterial and fungal communities were unaffected by tillage practices in 2017, but they were significantly influenced in 2018. In addition, soil fungal operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness was significantly enhanced by deep tillage compared with no tillage in 2018, while bacterial OTU richness was unaffected in either year. Tillage practices had differing effects on the soil microbial network patterns, with rotary and deep tillage increasing the complexity of bacterial networks but simplifying fungal networks. However, residue retention only induced a shift in the fungal community in 2018 without an obvious effect in the bacterial community in both years. In addition, residue retention simplified soil bacterial and fungal networks in 2018. Conclusions: This study highlighted the dissimilar responses of bacterial and fungal networks to tillage practices and emphasized that tillage practice is more important than residue management in shaping soil microbial communities.

scholarly journals   Effects of tillage and residue management on soil microbial communities in North China

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Wang ◽  
X.Y. Li ◽  
A.N. Zhu ◽  
X.K. Zhang ◽  
H.W. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
North China ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil Microbial

The impacts of tillage system (conventional tillage and no-tillage) and residue management (0, 50, and 100%) on soil properties and soil microbial community structure were determined in the Fengqiu State Key Agro-Ecological Experimental Station, North China. The microbial community structure was investigated by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles. The results showed that tillage had significant effects on soil properties and soil microbial communities. In no-tillage (NT), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), total N, microbial biomass carbon/soil organic carbon (MBC/SOC), total microbes, and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi increased, while actinomycetes, G<sup>+</sup>/G<sup>&ndash;</sup> bacteria ratio and monounsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids (MUFA/STFA) decreased, compared with those in conventional tillage (CT). Residue had a significant positive effect on C/N ratio and MUFA/STFA. Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that tillage explained 76.1%, and residue management explained 0.6% of the variations in soil microbial communities, respectively. Soil microbial communities were significantly correlated with MBC, total N, C/N ratio and MBC/SOC. Among the six treatments, NT with 100% residue application obviously improved soil microbiological properties, and could be a proper management practice in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Plant Biomass and Soil Nutrients Mainly Explain the Variation of Soil Microbial Communities during Secondary Succession on the Loess Plateau

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao-Ping Xu ◽  
Jia-Yi Wang ◽  
Xin-Hui Han ◽  
Cheng-Jie Ren ◽  
Gai-He Yang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Abstract Soil microorganisms play an important role in the circulation of materials and nutrients between plants and soil ecosystems, but the drivers of microbial community composition and diversity remain uncertain in different vegetation restoration patterns. We studied soil physicochemical properties (i.e., soil moisture, bulk density, pH, soil nutrients, available nutrients), plant characteristics (i.e., Shannon index [HPlant] and Richness index [SPlant], litter biomass [LB], and fine root biomass [FRB]), and microbial variables (biomass, enzyme activity, diversity and composition of bacterial and fungal communities) in different plant succession patterns (Robinia pseudoacacia [MF], Caragana korshinskii [SF] and grassland [GL]) on the Loess Plateau. The herb communities, soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities were strongly affected by vegetation restoration. And soil bacterial and fungal communities were significantly different from each other at the sites. Furthermore, LB and FRB were significantly positively correlated with SBacteria, soil microbial biomass, enzyme activities, Proteobacteria, Zygomycota and Cercozoa, while negatively correlated with Actinobacteria and Basidiomycota. In addition, soil water content (SW), pH and nutrients have important effects on the bacterial and fungal diversities, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Nitrospirae, Zygomycota and microbial biomass. Furthermore, plant characteristics and soil properties modulated the composition and diversity of soil microorganisms, respectively. Overall, the relative contribution of vegetation and soil to the diversity and composition of soil bacterial and fungal communities illustrated that plant characteristics and soil properties may synergistically modulate soil microbial communities. And soil bacterial and fungal communities mainly depend on plant biomass and soil nutrients.

scholarly journals Tillage practices and residue management manipulate soil bacterial and fungal assembly and co-occurrence network patterns in maize agroecosystem

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yang ◽  
Yupeng Guan ◽  
Cheng Zhai ◽  
Lin Du ◽  
Yanxiang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residue Management ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Network Patterns

Abstract The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.

scholarly journals Long-Term Drought and Warming Alter Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities in an Upland Heathland

Ecosystems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona M. Seaton ◽  
Sabine Reinsch ◽  
Tim Goodall ◽  
Nicola White ◽  
Davey L. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial

AbstractThe response of soil microbial communities to a changing climate will impact global biogeochemical cycles, potentially leading to positive and negative feedbacks. However, our understanding of how soil microbial communities respond to climate change and the implications of these changes for future soil function is limited. Here, we assess the response of soil bacterial and fungal communities to long-term experimental climate change in a heathland organo-mineral soil. We analysed microbial communities using Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and ITS2 region at two depths, from plots undergoing 4 and 18 years of in situ summer drought or warming. We also assessed the colonisation of Calluna vulgaris roots by ericoid and dark septate endophytic (DSE) fungi using microscopy after 16 years of climate treatment. We found significant changes in both the bacterial and fungal communities in response to drought and warming, likely mediated by changes in soil pH and electrical conductivity. Changes in the microbial communities were more pronounced after a longer period of climate manipulation. Additionally, the subsoil communities of the long-term warmed plots became similar to the topsoil. Ericoid mycorrhizal colonisation decreased with depth while DSEs increased; however, these trends with depth were removed by warming. We largely ascribe the observed changes in microbial communities to shifts in plant cover and subsequent feedback on soil physicochemical properties, especially pH. Our results demonstrate the importance of considering changes in soil microbial responses to climate change across different soil depths and after extended periods of time.

scholarly journals Soil Bacterial and Fungal Community Responses to Throughfall Reduction in a Eucalyptus Plantation in Southern China

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Yubiao Lin ◽  
Jiejun Kong ◽  
Ling Yang ◽  
Qian He ◽  
Yan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Throughfall Reduction

In subtropical plantations in southern China, how soil microbial communities respond to climate change-induced drought is poorly understood. A field experiment was conducted in a subtropical Eucalyptus plantation to determine the impacts of 50% of throughfall reduction (TR) on soil microbial community composition, function, and soil physicochemical properties. Results showed that TR reduced soil water content (SWC) and soil available phosphorus (AP) content. TR significantly altered 196 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs), most of them belonging to Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria, while there were fewer changes in fungal OTUs. At the phylum level, TR increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria at 0–20 cm soil depth by 37.18%, but failed to influence the relative abundance of the fungal phylum. Notably, TR did not alter the alpha diversity of the bacterial and fungal communities. The redundancy analysis showed that the bacterial communities were significantly correlated with SWC, and fungal communities were significantly correlated with AP content. According to predictions of bacterial and fungal community functions using PICRUSt2 and FUNGuild platforms, TR had different effects on both bacterial and fungal communities. Overall, SWC and AP decreased during TR, resulting in greater changes in soil bacterial community structure, but did not dramatically change soil fungal community structure.

scholarly journals Soil bacterial and fungal communities of six bahiagrass cultivars

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Beule ◽  
Ko-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Chih-Ming Hsu ◽  
Cheryl Mackowiak ◽  
Jose C.B. Dubeux Jr. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Soil Dna ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial

BackgroundCultivars of bahiagrass (Paspalum notatumFlüggé) are widely used for pasture in the Southeastern USA. Soil microbial communities are unexplored in bahiagrass and they may be cultivar-dependent, as previously proven for other grass species. Understanding the influence of cultivar selection on soil microbial communities is crucial as microbiome taxa have repeatedly been shown to be directly linked to plant performance.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine whether different bahiagrass cultivars interactively influence soil bacterial and fungal communities.MethodsSix bahiagrass cultivars (‘Argentine’, ‘Pensacola’, ‘Sand Mountain’, ‘Tifton 9’, ‘TifQuik’, and ‘UF-Riata’) were grown in a randomized complete block design with four replicate plots of 4.6 × 1.8 m per cultivar in a Rhodic Kandiudults soil in Northwest Florida, USA. Three soil subsamples per replicate plot were randomly collected. Soil DNA was extracted and bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA and fungal ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 genes were amplified and sequenced with one Illumina Miseq Nano.ResultsThe soil bacterial and fungal community across bahiagrass cultivars showed similarities with communities recovered from other grassland ecosystems. Few differences in community composition and diversity of soil bacteria among cultivars were detected; none were detected for soil fungi. The relative abundance of sequences assigned to nitrite-oxidizingNitrospirawas greater under ‘Sand Mountain’ than ‘UF-Riata’. Indicator species analysis revealed that several bacterial and fungal indicators associated with either a single cultivar or a combination of cultivars are likely to be plant pathogens or antagonists.ConclusionsOur results suggest a low impact of plant cultivar choice on the soil bacterial community composition, whereas the soil fungal community was unaffected. Shifts in the relative abundance ofNitrospiramembers in response to cultivar choice may have implications for soil N dynamics. The cultivars associated with presumptive plant pathogens or antagonists indicates that the ability of bahiagrass to control plant pathogens may be cultivar-dependent, however, physiological studies on plant-microbe interactions are required to confirm this presumption. We therefore suggest that future studies should explore the potential of different bahiagrass cultivars on plant pathogen control, particularly in sod-based crop rotation.

Soil bacterial communities interact with silicon fraction transformation and promote rice yield after long-term straw return

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alin Song ◽  
Zimin Li ◽  
Fenliang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Straw Return ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Healthy Growth

&lt;p&gt;Returning crop straw into soil is an important practice to balance biogenic and bioavailable silicon (Si) pool in paddy, which is crucial for rice healthy growth. However, it remains elusive how straw return affects Si bioavailability, its uptake, and rice yield, owing to little knowledge about soil microbial communities responsible for straw degradation. Here, we investigated the change of soil Si fractions and microbial community in a 39-year-old paddy field amended by a long-term straw return. Results showed that rice straw-return significantly increased soil bioavailable Si and rice yield to from 29.9% to 61.6% and from 14.5% to 23.6%, respectively, compared to NPK fertilization alone. Straw return significantly altered soil microbial community abundance. Acidobacteria was positively and significantly related to amorphous Si, while Rokubacteria at the phylum level, Deltaproteobacteria and Holophagae at the class level were negatively and significantly related to organic matter adsorbed and Fe/Mn-oxide combined Si in soils. Redundancy analysis of their correlations further demonstrated that Si status significantly explained 12% of soil bacterial community variation. These findings suggest that soil bacteria community and diversity interact with Si mobility via altering its transformation, resulting in the balance of various nutrient sources to drive biological silicon cycle in agroecosystem.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Phosphorus Reduces Negative Effects of Nitrogen Addition on Soil Microbial Communities and Functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongwei Xia ◽  
Jingyi Yang ◽  
Changpeng Sang ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Lifei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Soil Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
P Addition

Increased soil nitrogen (N) from atmospheric N deposition could change microbial communities and functions. However, the underlying mechanisms and whether soil phosphorus (P) status are responsible for these changes still have not been well explained. Here, we investigated the effects of N and P additions on soil bacterial and fungal communities and predicted their functional compositions in a temperate forest. We found that N addition significantly decreased soil bacterial diversity in the organic (O) horizon, but tended to increase bacterial diversity in the mineral (A) horizon soil. P addition alone did not significantly change soil bacterial diversity but mitigated the negative effect of N addition on bacterial diversity in the O horizon. Neither N addition nor P addition significantly influenced soil fungal diversity. Changes in soil microbial community composition under N and P additions were mainly due to the shifts in soil pH and NO3− contents. N addition can affect bacterial functional potentials, such as ureolysis, N fixation, respiration, decomposition of organic matter processes, and fungal guilds, such as pathogen, saprotroph, and mycorrhizal fungi, by which more C probably was lost in O horizon soil under increased N deposition. However, P addition can alleviate or switch the effects of increased N deposition on the microbial functional potentials in O horizon soil and may even be a benefit for more C sequestration in A horizon soil. Our results highlight the different responses of microorganisms to N and P additions between O and A horizons and provides an important insight for predicting the changes in forest C storage status under increasing N deposition in the future.

scholarly journals Effect of Tillage, Residue Management and Cropping System on the Properties of Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibek Thapa ◽  
Keshab Raj Pande ◽  
Baburam Khanal ◽  
Santosh Marahatta
Keyword(s):  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Residue Removal ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Residue Retention

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of tillage practices, residue management and cropping system on soil properties at NMRP, Rampur, Chitwan from November 2015 to April 2016. The experiment was laid on Strip split design with combination of 12 different treatments i.e, zero tillage & conventional tillage as main plot in the strip, residue retention & residue removal as sub-plot factor and maize – wheat, maize + soybean – wheat & soybean – wheat cropping system as sub-sub plot factor. Three replications of the treatments were made. Soil sample before experiment and after harvest of wheat was taken (0-15cm). The experiment showed significant effect of zero tillage on organic carbon (2.169%) and on total soil nitrogen (0.112 %). Zero tillage with retention of residues is valuable tool for the conservation agriculture and helps in sustainability of soil however long-term research for the tillage management and residue retention should be conducted to highlight the major effects on change in properties of soil.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(2): 164-168 

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