scholarly journals Hydrogen Peroxide Gas and Ozone Gas Synergistically Inactivate Prion Infectivity on Stainless Steel Wire

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Hara ◽  
Junji Chida ◽  
Agriani Dini Pasiana ◽  
Keiji Uchiyama ◽  
Yutaka Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Prion Diseases ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Mouse Bioassay ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Mixed Gas ◽  
Prion Infectivity ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Medical Instruments

Abstract Prions are infectious agents causing prion diseases, which include Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (CJD) in humans. Several cases have been reported to be transmitted through medical instruments that were used for preclinical CJD patients, raising public health concerns on iatrogenic transmissions of the disease. Since preclinical CJD patients are currently difficult to identify, medical instruments need to be adequately sterilized not to transmit the disease. In this study, we investigated the sterilizing activity of two oxidizing gases, ozone gas and hydrogen peroxide gas, against prions fixed on stainless steel wires using a mouse bioassay. Mice intracerebrally implanted with prion-contaminated stainless steel wires treated with ozone gas or hydrogen peroxide gas developed prion disease later than those implanted with control prion-contaminated stainless steel wires, indicating that ozone gas and hydrogen peroxide gas could reduce prion infectivity on wires. Incubation times were further elongated in mice implanted with prion-contaminated stainless steel wires treated with ozone and hydrogen peroxide-mixed gas, indicating that ozone-mixed hydrogen peroxide gas inactivates prions on these wires more potently than ozone gas or hydrogen peroxide gas. Taken together, these results suggest that ozone-mixed hydrogen peroxide gas may be useful for prion sterilization of medical instruments.

scholarly journals Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide and Ozone Gas Synergistically Reduce Prion Infectivity on Stainless Steel Wire

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3268
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Hara ◽  
Junji Chida ◽  
Agriani Dini Pasiana ◽  
Keiji Uchiyama ◽  
Yutaka Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Prion Diseases ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Mouse Bioassay ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Prion Infectivity ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Medical Instruments ◽  
Jakob Disease

Prions are infectious agents causing prion diseases, which include Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) in humans. Several cases have been reported to be transmitted through medical instruments that were used for preclinical CJD patients, raising public health concerns on iatrogenic transmissions of the disease. Since preclinical CJD patients are currently difficult to identify, medical instruments need to be adequately sterilized so as not to transmit the disease. In this study, we investigated the sterilizing activity of two oxidizing agents, ozone gas and vaporized hydrogen peroxide, against prions fixed on stainless steel wires using a mouse bioassay. Mice intracerebrally implanted with prion-contaminated stainless steel wires treated with ozone gas or vaporized hydrogen peroxide developed prion disease later than those implanted with control prion-contaminated stainless steel wires, indicating that ozone gas and vaporized hydrogen peroxide could reduce prion infectivity on wires. Incubation times were further elongated in mice implanted with prion-contaminated stainless steel wires treated with ozone gas-mixed vaporized hydrogen peroxide, indicating that ozone gas mixed with vaporized hydrogen peroxide reduces prions on these wires more potently than ozone gas or vaporized hydrogen peroxide. These results suggest that ozone gas mixed with vaporized hydrogen peroxide might be more useful for prion sterilization than ozone gas or vaporized hydrogen peroxide alone.

Bending Properties of General Purpose Stainless Steel Wire Formed for Orthodontic Use

2013 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Yosdhorn Chuankrerkkul ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Pornkiat Churnjitapirom ◽  
Theeralaksna Suddhasthira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Significant Difference

The archwire is generally used in fixed appliances for orthodontic treatment to correct dental malocclusion. However, it is interesting to know whether general purpose stainless steel wire could replace commercial orthodontic archwire in orthodontic practice for economic reasons. The purpose of this study was to determine the bending properties of general purpose stainless steel wire compared with commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires after forming as an archwire for orthodontic use. The samples used in this study were 90 general purpose and 45 commercial (Highland) round stainless steel wires in 0.016, 0.018, and 0.020 sizes (30 general purpose and 15 commercial wires for each size). All 15 general purpose stainless steel wires with different sizes were formed into orthodontic archwire with a Universal Testing Machine. All samples were tested (three-point bending test) for mechanical properties. The results showed no significant difference between general purpose and commercial orthodontic wires in size 0.016 for 0.1 mm offset bending force, 0.2% yield strength, and springback. Although many mechanical properties of general purpose wires differed from commercial wires, their values conformed to other previous studies within the range of clinical acceptance. In conclusion, orthodontic formed general purpose round stainless steel wires had statistically different (p <0.05) mechanical properties from commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires (Highland) but the mechanical properties were acceptable to use in orthodontic treatment.

Shearing and Shaving Process of Stainless Steel Wire at Micro Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Chao Cheng Chang ◽  
Tzu Hsiang Hung ◽  
Jung Shu Chang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Load Cell ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Sheared Edge ◽  
Die Set

This study investigated the effects of the die clearance on the shearing and shaving processes of the stainless steel (SUS316LVM) wire at micro scale. A die set was developed and installed on a precession press equipped with a load cell and a displacement sensor to conduct experiments. By using different punches in the same die set, the specimens prepared from 316LVM stainless steel wires with 0.5 mm diameter were first sheared and then shaved. Experimental results show that the burnished area of the sheared edge increases with the reduction of the clearance between the punch and die in the shearing process. The clearance also significantly affects the load curves. Moreover, the shaving process does increase the burnished area on the shaved edge of the specimen. By an appropriate feed in the shaving process, it is possible to trim the extra material from the sheared edge that results in a nearly complete burnished surface on the shaved edge of the stainless steel wire. This research provides a basis for understanding of the die clearance effect on the shearing and shaving processes at micro scale.

scholarly journals Disposable Stainless-Steel Wire-Based Electrochemical Microsensor for In Vivo Continuous Monitoring of Hydrogen Peroxide in Vein of Tomato Leaf

Biosensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Doudou Huo ◽  
Daodong Li ◽  
Songzhi Xu ◽  
Yujie Tang ◽  
Xueqian Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Regulation Mechanism

As one of the pivotal signal molecules, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been demonstrated to play important roles in many physiological processes of plants. Continuous monitoring of H2O2 in vivo could help understand its regulation mechanism more clearly. In this study, a disposable electrochemical microsensor for H2O2 was developed. This microsensor consists of three parts: low-cost stainless-steel wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm modified by gold nanoparticles (disposable working electrode), an untreated platinum wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm (counter electrode), and an Ag/AgCl wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm (reference electrode), respectively. The microsensor could detect H2O2 in levels from 10 to 1000 µM and exhibited excellent selectivity. On this basis, the dynamic change in H2O2 in the vein of tomato leaf under high salinity was continuously monitored in vivo. The results showed that the production of H2O2 could be induced by high salinity within two hours. This study suggests that the disposable electrochemical microsensor not only suits continuously detecting H2O2 in microscopic plant tissue in vivo but also reduces the damage to plants. Overall, our strategy will help to pave the foundation for further investigation of the generation, transportation, and elimination mechanism of H2O2 in plants.

scholarly journals Mechanical evaluation of quad-helix appliance made of low-nickel stainless steel wire

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Rogério Lacerda dos Santos ◽  
Matheus Melo Pithon
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Multiple Comparisons ◽  
Steel Alloy ◽  
Mechanical Compression ◽  
Stainless Steel Alloy ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quad Helix

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that there is no difference between stainless steel and low-nickel stainless steel wires as regards mechanical behavior. Force, resilience, and elastic modulus produced by Quad-helix appliances made of 0.032-inch and 0.036-inch wires were evaluated. METHODS: Sixty Quad-helix appliances were made, thirty for each type of alloy, being fifteen for each wire thickness, 0.032-in and 0.036-in. All the archwires were submitted to mechanical compression test using an EMIC DL-10000 machine simulating activations of 4, 6, 9, and 12 mm. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with multiple comparisons and Tukey's test were used (p < 0.05) to assess force, resilience, and elastic modulus. RESULTS: Statistically significant difference in the forces generated, resilience and elastic modulus were found between the 0.032-in 0.036-in thicknesses (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Appliances made of low-nickel stainless steel alloy had force, resilience, and elastic modulus similar to those made of stainless steel alloy.

Exploration 304 Stainless Steel Wire as Novel Sorbent Material for Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water

2016 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 604-609
Author(s):  
Bao Hui Li ◽  
Xiao Dan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Thermal Desorption ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Sorbent Material ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The etched stainless steel wire was prepared and explored as sorbent material for solid-phase micro extraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography (GC) and flame ionization detection (FID) for the trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) determination in water. This paper explored different factors that affected the extraction efficiency of etched stainless steel wire, including the extraction time, the thermal desorption time and the thermal desorption temperature. Under the optimal conditions, six kinds of analytes, including trace biphenyl, acenaphthylene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene were extracted by etched stainless wire with high concentration efficiency and separated by GC-FID. In view of the high selectivity of the etched stainless steel wires for PAHs, a new SPME method was developed with the detection limits of 0.05-0.53 μg/L. The precision for the six kinds of analytes ranged from 2.6% to 8.8%. The developed etched stainless steel wires were very stable, highly selective, and reproducible for the SPME of PAHs.

scholarly journals Comparison of polyetheretherketone cables and stainless steel wires for sternal fixation after median sternotomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 030006052110412
Author(s):  
Duanchao Shu ◽  
Jianpeng Li ◽  
Yixin Zhao ◽  
Yan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Median Sternotomy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Fixation Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient State ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective To compare the sternal fixation effect of a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cable product and stainless steel wire after median sternotomy. Methods A multicentre retrospective clinical trial was conducted in patients that underwent median sternotomy for a range of surgical reasons. The sternum was fixed using PEEK sternal cables in the experimental group and stainless steel wires in the control group. The general patient state, product manoeuvrability, bone and wound healing state and blood test results were evaluated at seven visits during the preoperative, surgical and follow-up periods. Results A total of 108 patients (54 in each group) were included in the analysis at the final 180-day follow-up. The sternum was successfully closed using PEEK cables or steel wires in all patients and all healed well. No pathological changes were found on the X-ray imaging. Computed tomography imaging confirmed ideal fracture healing. No significant difference was found between the experimental group and the control group in outcomes. Conclusion PEEK cables are easy to implant and show desirable effectiveness in sternal fixation without any observed side-effects.

Comparison of Properties between General Purpose Stainless Steel Wire and Commercial Orthodontic Stainless Steel Wire

2011 ◽  
Vol 378-379 ◽  
pp. 706-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Pornkiat Churnjitapirom ◽  
Ekkapot Sukhanun ◽  
Tunwa Intrarasuksanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Steel Wires

In Thailand, commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires are imported from overseas and expensive. However, lower cost general purpose stainless steel wires, the same type and number as commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires may be used for orthodontic purposes. Objective: This study aimed to determine the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of general purpose stainless steel wire compared with commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires. Materials and Method: Two commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires (Ormco and Highland) and general purpose stainless steel wire (SUS 304H) were evaluated. The physical and mechanical properties were studied according to ISO 15841:2006 and corrosion resistance was studied according to ISO 10271:2001. Surface characteristics and composition were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron probe micro analyzer, respectively. Results: The experiment indicated that SUS 304H had the diameter and mechanical properties in the range of orthodontic stainless steel wires. The surface characteristics SUS 304H were similar from observation by SEM magnifications but SUS 304H had lower corrosion resistance due to lower nickel content. The composition confirmed that the three samples wires were genuine type 304. Conclusion: SUS 304H properties are comparable to commercial orthodontic wire properties.

Properties of Three Commercial Orthodontic Round Stainless Steel Wire

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 619-624
Author(s):  
Nathaphon Tangit ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Pornkiat Churnjitapirom ◽  
Peerapong Tua-Ngam
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Bending Force ◽  
Steel Wires

Objective: This study aimed to determine and compare the diameter, mechanical properties (tensile strength: flexural strength, flexural modulus of elasticity, 0.2% yield strength and springback: three point bending test: bending stiffness and 0.1mm. offset bending force) and chemical properties (composition and corrosion resistance) of three commercial orthodontic round stainless steel wires. Materials and Method: The samples of this study are three commercial brands of orthodontic round stainless steel wires, Highland (USA), Dentaurum (Germany) and W&H (China), 0.016 inch and 0.018 inch in size. The diameter was measured by micrometer and the mechanical properties were analyzed with tensile strength and three point bending test by Universal Testing Machine according to ISO 15841:2006. The composition was evaluated by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS) and the corrosion resistance was analyzed by a potentiodynamic polarization technique according to ISO 10271:2001. The data were analyzed with the Kolmoforov-Smith test, One-way ANOVA and Tukeys test. Results: There were significant differences (p<0.05) in diameter of the three commercial brands of orthodontic round stainless steel wires in both size except 0.016 in diameter between Dentaurum and Highland stainless steel wire. In terms of tensile strength, there were significant differences (p<0.05) in the flexural strength, flexural modulus of elasticity and springback in each variable, except W&H stainless steel wire with flexural strength in 0.016 and 0.018 wire size and springback in 0.018 wire size. However, in 0.2% yield strength, there was no significant difference in each brand and size except Dentaurum and Highland stainless steel in 0.018 wire size. For the three point bending test, there were significant differences (p<0.05) in bending stiffness and 0.1mm. offset bending force of each brand and size except 0.1mm. offset bending force between Dentaurum and Highland stainless steel in 0.016 wire size. In terms of chemical properties, there were the same elements but difference was found in percentage of each element, and W&H stainless steel had the least corrosion resistance. Conclusion: There were significant differences among three commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires in diameters, mechanical properties and chemical properties which will produce different force on each wire during tooth movement. All three brands, however, are acceptable for orthodontic use. The orthodontist should be aware of these differences in using stainless steel for orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Mechanical Properties (Tensile strength &Elastic Modulus) of Soldered Straight Stainless Steel Wire

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Wael A Alrazzaq
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Steel Wires

The joining of a metal framework is frequently necessary to create individual orthodontic appliances and to achieve efficient treatment procedures. Stainless steel wires can be fused together by welding but this generally required reinforcement with solder. The present study was conducted to compare and evaluate the mechanical properties ( i.e. the tensile strength and elastic modulus )of silver soldered joints of stainless steel. A total of 40 wire specimens were prepared. The tensile strength and elastic modulus tests were carried out via by universal testing machine. the results indicated that the mean tensile strength of soldered group is lower than that of soldered group. As well, there are highly significant differences between two groups for tensile strength (p<0.01). Furthermore, the soldered group has the highest mean of elastic modulus than that of control group. As well, there are highly significant differences between two groups for elastic modulus (p<0.01). It is concluded that Stainless steel wires (Remanium)have superior mechanical properties with regard to tensile strength and elastic modulus.

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