scholarly journals Nitrosative stress parameters and the level of oxidized DNA bases in patients with multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitalijs Borisovs ◽  
Jevgenijs Bodrenko ◽  
Jolanta Kalnina ◽  
Nikolajs Sjakste
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Dna Bases ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Modified Dna ◽  
Purines And Pyrimidines

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease with various factors affecting its etiology. Overproduction of nitric oxide and subsequent lesions of biopolymers are some of the possible causes of the disease. This study aimed to measure the most relevant nitrosative and oxidative stress biomarkers and the level of modified DNA bases in patients with MS. Each parameter was assayed in 25 patients with MS and 25 healthy controls. This study involved detecting blood plasma and serum nitric oxide metabolites by chemiluminescence detector Sievers NOA-280i, malondialdehyde (MDA) measurements with thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assay, detection of oxidized purines and pyrimidines with the enzyme-modified comet assay. Statistical analysis of the results was performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and unpaired t test for the comparison of less than three data sets. DNA single-strand breaks, levels of modified purines and pyrimidines, as well as nitrite and nitrate levels in plasma and serum samples, were significantly higher in patients with MS than in healthy controls. On the contrary, MDA levels appeared to be lower in patients with MS.

Cerebrospinal fluid brain specific proteins in relation to nitric oxide metabolites during relapse of multiple sclerosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rejdak ◽  
A. Petzold ◽  
Z. Stelmasiak ◽  
G. Giovannoni
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Nitric Oxide Metabolites ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

This study investigated the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of ferritin, S100B as biomarkers for glial activation and NfHSM135 — a biomarker of axonal damage — in relation to nitric oxide (NO) metabolites: nitrate and nitrite (NOx) during acute multiple sclerosis (MS) relapse. Thirty-four relapsing—remitting MS (RR-MS) patients during acute relapse and 12 controls were enrolled. Patients were assessed on Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and underwent lumbar puncture within two weeks following relapse. Twenty patients were available for further follow-up and were assessed on EDSS 6—8 weeks since the relapse onset. The CSF NOx ( P < 0.0001), NfHSM135 ( P = 0.01) and S100B ( P = 0.009) but not ferritin ( P > 0.05) were significantly raised in MS group. There was a significant correlation between CSF ferritin and S100B in RR-MS group ( P = 0.004). CSF NOx did not correlate with S100B and ferritin in study groups. RR-MS patients with detectable NfHSM135 levels had higher NOx compared with subjects having undetectable NfHSM135 ( P = 0.03). In the follow-up study, raised baseline levels of NOx ( P = 0.016) or NfHSM135 ( P = 0.04) inversely correlated with the clinical recovery grade expressed as relative EDSS change between baseline and follow-up. In conclusion, NO metabolites were increased and because of their correlation with a biomarker of axonal degeneration (neurofilaments) and a measure for clinical disability (EDSS), relapse-related nitrosative stress is likely to be relevant to the development of sustained disability in an individual patient. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 59—66. http://msj.sagepub.com

scholarly journals Effector T Helper Cells Are Selectively Controlled During Pregnancy and Related to a Postpartum Relapse in Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C. Koetzier ◽  
Rinze F. Neuteboom ◽  
Annet F. Wierenga-Wolf ◽  
Marie-José Melief ◽  
C. Louk de Mol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Th Cells ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are protected from relapses during pregnancy and have an increased relapse risk after delivery. It is unknown how pregnancy controls disease-contributing CD4+ T helper (Th) cells and whether this differs in MS patients who experience a postpartum relapse. Here, we studied the effector phenotype of Th cells in relation to pregnancy and postpartum relapse occurrence in MS.Methods: Memory skewing and activation of effector Th subsets were analyzed in paired third trimester and postpartum blood of 19 MS patients with and without a postpartum relapse and 12 healthy controls. Ex vivo results were associated with circulating levels of pregnancy-induced hormones and mirrored in vitro by exposing proliferating Th cells to corresponding serum samples.Results: Based on HSNE-guided analyses, we found that effector memory proportions of Th cells were increased in postpartum vs. third trimester samples from MS patients without a postpartum relapse. This was not seen for relapsing patients or healthy controls. CXCR3 was upregulated on postpartum memory Th cells, except for relapsing patients. These changes were verified by adding sera from the same individuals to proliferating Th cells, but did not associate with third trimester cortisol, estradiol or progesterone levels. For relapsing patients, activated memory Th cells of both third trimester and postpartum samples produced higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines.Conclusion: Effector Th cells are differentially regulated during pregnancy in MS patients, likely via serum-related factors beyond the studied hormones. The pro-inflammatory state of memory Th cells during pregnancy may predict a postpartum relapse.

Study the Relationship Between Estrogen Hormone and Calcium in Normal Females Before and After Menopause in Baghdad / Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameerah Mustafa ◽  
Asal Tawfeeq ◽  
Hadeel Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Age Range

This study involved the collection of (90) samples of women serum which included (30) serum samples collected from women before menopause (reproductive women) in the age range of (22-43) years and were considered as (group A- control). While, (group B) included (30) serum samples collected from women using oral contraceptive pills between the ages of (22-43) years old. Whereas, another (30) serum samples were collected from women after menopause between the ages of (43-54) years and were considered as (group C). All of the collected serum samples were subjected to a number of serological and chemical tests for the measurement of (E2, HDL, LDL and Ca). Then, the obtained data were statistical analyzed and results showed a significant decrease (p˂ 0.05) in (E2 ,Ca and HDL) levels in menopausal women compared to that of the normal healthy controls. While, there were non-significant decrease (p> 0.05) in (E2, Ca and HDL) levels in women taking oral contraceptive when compared to the normal healthy controls. On the other hand, a significant increase (p˂ 0.05) was recorded in LDL level in menopausal women compared to that of the normal healthy controls whereas, no-significant increase (p˃ 0.05) in the LDL level in women taking oral contraceptives when compared to the control women.

Clinical and Serological Biomarkers of Treatment’s Response in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated Continuously with Interferonβ-1b for More than a Decade

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 780-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Iulia Bărcuţean ◽  
Andreea Romaniuc ◽  
Smaranda Maier ◽  
Zoltan Bajko ◽  
Anca Moţăţăianu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Disability Score ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Serological Biomarkers

Introduction: We evaluated the peripheral immune panel of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients treated for more than 10 years with interferon-beta1b (IFNβ-1b) and aimed to identify possible biomarkers of treatment response. Material and Methods: Serum samples from 70 MS patients treated with IFNβ-1b more than a decade were analysed for 15 cytokines, that were correlated with the disability score, annual relapse ratio (ARR): the total number of relapses-ARR_0, relapse on treatment-ARR_1 and demographic data. Two groups were defined based on the levels of disability, calculated using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS): G1 – recurrent-remissive and G2 – secondary-progressive. Furthermore, we split the patients based on gender (G1_f, G1_m, G2_f, G2_m). Results: The ARR was reduced after treatment was instituted. We found positive correlations between IL_25 and EDSS in G1_f and G2_f, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and ARR_1 and ARR_0 in G1, and IL_17F with ARR_1. Negative correlations were for IL_25 and ARR_0 and ARR_1. SCD40L intensely positively correlated with IL_31 in G1 and G2. Conclusion: After more than a decade of treatment, IFNβ-1b offers good results by reducing relapses and slowing disability progression. Several biomarkers can be used to assess the patient’s response. High levels of IL_17 and TNFα will indicate a more active form of the disease. IL-25 may exert a positive influence in male MS patients and should be considered for future studies, together with the co-modulation between sCD40L and IL_31. Our method allowed us to screen the peripheral immune panel and can be used for assessing the peripheral levels of the above-mentioned cytokines.

Overexpression of microRNA-21 in the Serum of Breast Cancer Patients

MicroRNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Batool Savari ◽  
Sohrab Boozarpour ◽  
Maryam Tahmasebi-Birgani ◽  
Hossein Sabouri ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women worldwide. So it seems that there's a good chance of recovery if it's detected in its early stages even before the appearances of symptoms. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role during cancer progression. These transcripts can be tracked in liquid samples to reveal if cancer exists, for earlier treatment. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) has been shown to be a key regulator of carcinogenesis, and breast tumor is no exception. Objective: The present study was aimed to track the miR-21 expression level in serum of the breast cancer patients in comparison with that of normal counterparts. Methods: Comparative real-time polymerase chain reaction was applied to determine the levels of expression of miR-21 in the serum samples of 57 participants from which, 42 were the patients with breast cancer including pre-surgery patients (n = 30) and post-surgery patients (n = 12), and the others were the healthy controls (n = 15). Results: MiR-21 was significantly over expressed in the serum of breast cancer patients as compared with healthy controls (P = 0.002). A significant decrease was also observed following tumor resection (P < 0.0001). Moreover, it was found that miR-21 overexpression level was significantly associated with tumor grade (P = 0.004). Conclusion: These findings suggest that miR-21 has the potential to be used as a novel breast cancer biomarker for early detection and prognosis, although further experiments are needed.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress in common variable immunodeficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 205873922110024
Author(s):  
Sevgen Tanir Basaranoglu ◽  
Sukru Cekic ◽  
Emine Kirhan ◽  
Melahat Dirican ◽  
Sara S. Kilic
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Common Variable Immunodeficiency ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Common Variable

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogenous group of immunologic disorders of unknown etiology. Alterations of the normal cellular balance due to an increase in reactive oxygen species and/or decrease in antioxidant defense may lead to increased oxidative stress. We aimed to evaluate the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with CVID who had different presentations. We investigated the serum catalase (CAT), erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), erythrocyte reduced glutathione as antioxidants and serum malondialdehyde levels as lipid peroxidation marker in patients with CVID in Uludag University Hospital Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology’s outpatient clinics. In the analysis, there were 21 patients and 27 matched healthy controls. The median levels of CAT in patients with CVID was significantly lower than in healthy controls ( p = 0.04). Among the patients with CVID, 19% had autoimmune disease, one had Sjögren’s syndrome, one had autoimmune alopecia, one had juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and one had chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Patients with autoimmune complications had significantly lower CAT levels compared to the ones without autoimmune diseases ( p = 0.03). The patients without non-infectious complications (NICs) had lower SOD levels than the patients with NICs ( p = 0.05). The analysis of oxidative stress markers in the patients with CVID suggested a series of abnormalities in the anti-oxidant system. The clinical syndrome associations may be a useful tool for future studies to set prediction markers for the prognosis of patients with CVID.

scholarly journals Automated Assay of a Four-Protein Biomarker Panel for Improved Detection of Ovarian Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Christopher Walker ◽  
Tuan-Minh Nguyen ◽  
Shlomit Jessel ◽  
Ayesha B. Alvero ◽  
Dan-Arin Silasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Classification Models ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Protein Biomarker ◽  
Biomarker Panel

Background: Mortality from ovarian cancer remains high due to the lack of methods for early detection. The difficulty lies in the low prevalence of the disease necessitating a significantly high specificity and positive-predictive value (PPV) to avoid unneeded and invasive intervention. Currently, cancer antigen- 125 (CA-125) is the most commonly used biomarker for the early detection of ovarian cancer. In this study we determine the value of combining macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), osteopontin (OPN), and prolactin (PROL) with CA-125 in the detection of ovarian cancer serum samples from healthy controls. Materials and Methods: A total of 432 serum samples were included in this study. 153 samples were from ovarian cancer patients and 279 samples were from age-matched healthy controls. The four proteins were quantified using a fully automated, multi-analyte immunoassay. The serum samples were divided into training and testing datasets and analyzed using four classification models to calculate accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: The four-protein biomarker panel yielded an average accuracy of 91% compared to 85% using CA-125 alone across four classification models (p = 3.224 × 10−9). Further, in our cohort, the four-protein biomarker panel demonstrated a higher sensitivity (median of 76%), specificity (median of 98%), PPV (median of 91.5%), and NPV (median of 92%), compared to CA-125 alone. The performance of the four-protein biomarker remained better than CA-125 alone even in experiments comparing early stage (Stage I and Stage II) ovarian cancer to healthy controls. Conclusions: Combining MIF, OPN, PROL, and CA-125 can better differentiate ovarian cancer from healthy controls compared to CA-125 alone.

Upper Extremity Motor Fatigability as an Early Indicator in Pediatric Onset Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 088307382199988
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Pilloni ◽  
Martin Malik ◽  
Raghav Malik ◽  
Lauren Krupp ◽  
Leigh Charvet
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Static Fatigue ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Fatigue Index ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Pediatric Onset

Aim: To adopt a computer-based protocol to assess grip fatigability in patients with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis to provide detection of subtle motor involvement identifying those patients most at risk for future decline. Method: Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis patients were recruited during routine outpatient visits to complete a grip assessment and compared to a group of healthy age- and sex-matched controls. All participants completed a computer-based measurement of standard maximal grip strength and repetitive and sustained grip performance measured by dynamic and static fatigue indices. Results: A total of 38 patients with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis and 24 healthy controls completed the grip protocol (right-hand dominant). There were no significant group differences in maximal grip strength bilaterally (right: 21.8 vs 19.9 kg, P = .25; left: 20.4 vs 18.7 kg, P = .33), although males with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis were significantly less strong than healthy controls (right: 26.53 vs 21.23 kg, P = .009; left; 25.13 vs 19.63 kg, P = .003). Both dynamic and static fatigue indices were significantly higher bilaterally in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis compared with healthy control participants (left-hand dynamic fatigue index: 18.6% vs 26.7%, P = .003; right-hand static fatigue index: 28.3% vs 41.3%, P < .001; left-hand static fatigue index: 31.9% vs 42.6%, P < .001). Conclusion: Brief repeatable grip assessment including measures of dynamic and sustained static output can be a sensitive indicator of upper extremity motor involvement in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis, potentially identifying those in need of intervention to prevent future disability.

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