scholarly journals Application of Bioelectrochemical Technique in Energy Recovery and CH4 Control From Constructed Wetland (CW) and Associated Biochemical Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Xiangling Wu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Hongbing Luo ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Bioelectricity Generation ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Typha Orientalis ◽  
Plant Configuration

Abstract In the context of global warming, the bioelectrochemical method (microbial fuel cell MFC) was proposed for CH4 control from CWs. The main focus is to further explore the effect of plant roots location at the electrode, plant species on CH4 emissions, bioelectricity generation and the mechanism underlying competition between electrogenesis and methanogenesis at the anode. The results showed that the operation of MFC effectively reduced the CH4 emissions and promoted COD removal rates. CH4 emission was significantly higher in open circuit (6.2 mg m-2 h-1) than in closed circuit reactors (3.1 mg m-2 h-1). Plant roots at the cathode had the highest electricity generation and the lowest CH4 emissions. The highest power generation (0.49 V, 0.33 w m-3) and the lowest CH4 emissions (2.3 mg m-2 h-1) were observed in the reactors where Typha Orientalis was planted with plant roots at the cathode. The role of plants in strengthening electron acceptor was greater than that of plant rhizodeposits in strengthening electron donors. q-PCR and correlation analysis indicated that the mcrA genes and CH4 emissions were positively correlated (r=0.98, p<0.01), while no significant relationship between CH4 emissions and pmoA genes was observed. More nanowires, which are conductive to electron transfer, were found when plant roots were in cathode by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Illumina sequencing revealed that more abundant exoelectrogens and denitrifying bacteria (Geobacter, Desulfobulbu, Nitrospira and Anaerolinea) were observed when plant roots located in cathodes. Strictly acetotrophic archae (Methanosaetaceae) were likely main electron donor competitors with exoelectrogens. In addition, plant species played a more important role in CH4 emissions and electricity generation than the plant roots location at the electrode. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen plant configuration to reduce CH4 emissions, so as to promote sustainable development of wastewater treatment.　

scholarly journals Role of mycorhizal links between plants in establishment of liverworts thalli in natural habitats

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Turnau ◽  
Michał Ronikier ◽  
Juliusz Unrug
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Mechanical Support ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Conocephalum Conicum ◽  
Oxalis Acetosella ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Fungal Inoculum ◽  
Pellia Endiviifolia

Research on the development of arbuscular fungi within thalli of <em>Conocephalum conicum</em> and <em>Pellia endiviifolia</em> was carried out on the banks of a stream ravine in the Beskid Wyspowy Mts. (Southern Poland). The links via arbuscular fungi were observed between liverworts and plants as <em>Dryopteris carthusiana</em> and <em>Oxalis acetosella</em>. <em>Glomus tenuis</em>, a fine endophyte, was the dominating mycorrhizal partner of all the plant species investigated. Arum-type of mycorrhiza was observed in <em>Oxalis acetosella</em> while in the fern and liverworts Paris-type was found. The role of plant roots in the establishment of liverworts thalli (source of fungal inoculum, important mechanical support on unstable sand banks) is considered.

Plant species surplus in recent peri-urban forests: the role of forest connectivity, species’ habitat requirements and dispersal types

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-384
Author(s):  
Elena Tello-García ◽  
Nancy Gamboa-Badilla ◽  
Enrique Álvarez ◽  
Laura Fuentes ◽  
Corina Basnou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Forest Connectivity ◽  
Dispersal Types

scholarly journals Invasion landscapes as social‐ecological systems: Role of social factors in invasive plant species control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Yletyinen ◽  
George L. W. Perry ◽  
Olivia R. Burge ◽  
Norman W. H. Mason ◽  
Philip Stahlmann‐Brown
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological

scholarly journals Dynamics of Oxidation of Reduced Forms of CO2 under Electrochemical and Open-Сircuit Conditions on Polycrystalline Pt in H2CO3

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Smolin ◽  
Мikhail N. Mikhailov ◽  
Aleksey F. Gadzaov ◽  
Leonid M. Kustov
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Oxidation Of Co ◽  
Reduced Forms

The problem of identifying correlations between catalytic and electrocatalytic processes is one of the fundamental problems of catalysis among “simple” organic substances, and the oxidation of CO and rCO2 is of great interest, since CO and CO2 are considered in pairs both during catalytic and electrocatalytic transformations. In the case of electrocatalysis, this analysis is important in the study of fuel cells. In this paper, we studied the correlation between the oxidation of reduced forms of CO2 (rCO2) under potentiodynamic-galvanoctatic electrochemical and open-circuit conditions of measurements on polycrystalline (pc)Pt in H2CO3. Periodic oscillations are revealed at the oxidation of Had and rCO2 on (pc)Pt. Quantum chemical calculations were carried out on the Pt13 cluster in order to identify the mechanisms of the rCO2 oxidation reaction. The correspondence in the energy parameters of the oxidation process of rCO2 under open-circuit conditions and electrochemical conditions is shown. The preliminary analysis of the system using density functional (DFT) calculations is carried out and the most stable systems that are based on Pt13 are found, namely rOH-Pt13-(CO)n, rOH-Pt13-(COH) and rOH-Pt13-(rCOOH). OH• species was chosen as the most likely candidate for the role of the oxidant for rCO2. Preliminary calculations for the expected reactions were carried out, and the optimal PES is revealed.

Enhancement of the performance of CdS/CdTe heterojunction solar cell using TiO2/ZnO bi-layer ARC and V2O5 BSF layers: A simulation approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 20901
Author(s):  
Abdul Kuddus ◽  
Md. Ferdous Rahman ◽  
Jaker Hossain ◽  
Abu Bakar Md. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Heterojunction Solar Cell ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Heterojunction Solar Cells

This article presents the role of Bi-layer anti-reflection coating (ARC) of TiO2/ZnO and back surface field (BSF) of V2O5 for improving the photovoltaic performance of Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) and Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) based heterojunction solar cells (HJSCs). The simulation was performed at different concentrations, thickness, defect densities of each active materials and working temperatures to optimize the most excellent structure and working conditions for achieving the highest cell performance using obtained optical and electrical parameters value from the experimental investigation on spin-coated CdS, CdTe, ZnO, TiO2 and V2O5 thin films deposited on the glass substrate. The simulation results reveal that the designed CdS/CdTe based heterojunction cell offers the highest efficiency, η of ∼25% with an enhanced open-circuit voltage, Voc of 0.811 V, short circuit current density, Jsc of 38.51 mA cm−2, fill factor, FF of 80% with bi-layer ARC and BSF. Moreover, it appears that the TiO2/ZnO bi-layer ARC, as well as ETL and V2O5 as BSF, could be highly promising materials of choice for CdS/CdTe based heterojunction solar cell.

scholarly journals Big hitting collectors make massive and disproportionate contribution to the discovery of plant species

2012 ◽  
Vol 279 (1736) ◽  
pp. 2269-2274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Bebber ◽  
Mark A. Carine ◽  
Gerrit Davidse ◽  
David J. Harris ◽  
Elspeth M. Haston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Fundamental Goal ◽  
The World ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
The Right ◽  
Geographical Locations

Discovering biological diversity is a fundamental goal—made urgent by the alarmingly high rate of extinction. We have compiled information from more than 100 000 type specimens to quantify the role of collectors in the discovery of plant diversity. Our results show that more than half of all type specimens were collected by less than 2 per cent of collectors. This highly skewed pattern has persisted through time. We demonstrate that a number of attributes are associated with prolific plant collectors: a long career with increasing productivity and experience in several countries and plant families. These results imply that funding a small number of expert plant collectors in the right geographical locations should be an important element in any effective strategy to find undiscovered plant species and complete the inventory of the world flora.

scholarly journals The Occurrence and Biological Activity of Tormentic Acid—A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3797
Author(s):  
Marta Olech ◽  
Wojciech Ziemichód ◽  
Natalia Nowacka-Jechalke
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Tormentic Acid

This review focuses on the natural sources and pharmacological activity of tormentic acid (TA; 2α,3β,19α-trihydroxyurs-2-en-28-oic acid). The current knowledge of its occurrence in various plant species and families is summarized. Biological activity (e.g., anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, anti-osteoarthritic, antinociceptive, antioxidative, anti-melanogenic, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and antiparasitic) confirmed in in vitro and in vivo studies is compiled and described. Biochemical mechanisms affected by TA are indicated. Moreover, issues related to the biotechnological methods of production, effective eluents, and TA derivatives are presented.

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