scholarly journals Compare the severity of psychological distress among four groups of Iranian society in COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Vahedian-Azimi ◽  
Malihe Sadat Moayed ◽  
Farshid Rahimibashar ◽  
Sajad Shojaei ◽  
Sara Ashtari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Population ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused serious psychological problems, such as panic attack, anxiety, stress and depression. The main objective of this study was to measure the prevalence and compare the severity of this psychological distress among four groups of Iranian population.Method: In cross-sectional survey, the mental health status of four groups of Iranian society such as community population, patients with COVID-19, medical staff and medical students were investigated by self-report questionnaire Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). DASS-21 questionnaire and the demographic data sheet were filled in by all participants. All statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 21.0. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: Of the 886 participants in this survey, 554 (62.5%) were male and 332 (37.5%) were female, and the mean ± standard division (SD) age of subjects was 40.91±10.7 years. Among these participants, 241 (27.2%) were selected from community population, 221 (24.9%) were patients with COVID-19, 217 (24.5%) were medical staff and 207 (23.4%) were medical students. The mean score of stress, anxiety and depression in medical students and patients with COVID-19 was significantly higher than medical staff and community population (P<0.05). In overall, the score of anxiety level in male was higher than that in female (27.4±4.6 vs. 26.48±4.8, P=0.006), and the score of depression in unmarried participants was significantly higher than that in married group (27.5±4.8 vs. 26.7±4.6, P=0.023). In addition, the score of depression in female medical staff (27.08±4.6 vs. 25.33±4.3, P=0.011) and community population (26.6±4.3 vs. 25.3±4.3, P=0.02) was higher than that in male.Conclusion: In COVID-19 pandemic, the severity of anxiety, stress and depression was high among Iranian population. Patients with COVID-19 and medical students who spent time with patients with COVID-19, with low experience than professional medical staff and community population were at high risk for mental illness. Continuous surveillance and monitoring of psychological distress for outbreaks should become routine as part of preparedness efforts worldwide.

Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Medical Students, interns and residents in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2333-2336
Author(s):  
Anum Arif ◽  
Minahil Iram ◽  
Sabih Nofal ◽  
Aima Sohail ◽  
Bismah Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Interns And Residents ◽  
The Mean

Aim: To assess prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Stress in medical students, interns, and residents in Pakistan Study design: Cross-sectional Survey (Questionnaire) based study. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital Lahore Medical College from March 2020 to May 2020. Results: 104 participants were included in the study. There was female predominance 58(55.8%), and the mean age was 23.55±1.42. The overall mean score of depression and anxiety was 21.2±12.67 and 15.7±10.67 respectively and most prevalent in third and fourth-year residents. The mean stress score was 13.7, 10. 27. Twenty-eight (26.9%) of the overall participants had extremely severe depression, 36 (34.6 %) had extremely severe anxiety and 13(12.5%) had severe stress. Doctors studying and practicing in the private sector have a higher DASS21 score (p = < 0.006) Conclusion: Multiple factors have been found to contribute to the poor mental health of health care workers, including financial trouble, sleep deprivation, abuse from colleagues, high expectations, female gender, broken relationships, and substance misuse. Keywords: Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Medical, Mental Health Problem Solving, Psychological Distress,

Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Medical Students, interns and residents in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2215-2218
Author(s):  
Anum Arif ◽  
Minahil Iram ◽  
Sabih Nofal ◽  
Aima Sohail ◽  
Bismah Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Interns And Residents ◽  
The Mean

Aim: To assess prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress in medical students, interns and residents in Pakistan Study design: Cross-sectional Survey (Questionnaire) based study. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital Lahore Medical College from March 2020 to May 2020. Results: 104 participants were included in the study. There was female predominance 58(55.8%), and the mean age was 23.55±1.42. The overall mean score of depression and anxiety was 21.2±12.67 and 15.7±10.67 respectively and most prevalent in third and fourth-year residents. The mean stress score was 13.7, 10. 27. Twenty-eight (26.9%) of the overall participants had extremely severe depression, 36 (34.6 %) had extremely severe anxiety and 13(12.5%) had severe stress. Conclusion: Multiple factors have been found to contribute to the poor mental health of health care workers, including financial trouble, sleep deprivation, abuse from colleagues, high expectations, female gender, broken relationships, and substance misuse. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in common in medical students. This calls for the development of strategies, workshops, and programs to identify modifiable stressors, encourage students to reach out to their family members and their teachers to verbalize their issues, and make psychiatric consultation accessible to them. Keywords: Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Medical, Mental Health Problem Solving, Psychological Distress,

scholarly journals What medical students think about measurement of their wellbeing and the implications for pastoral support: cross sectional survey and qualitative interviews

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Simons ◽  
Raymond Effah ◽  
David Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Medical ◽  
The Individual

Objectives To find out how, why and when medical students think wellbeing should be measured. Design A mixed methods study comprising a cross-sectional online survey (November 2020-March 2021) and semi-structured on-line interviews. Views on the frequency of availability for measurement, the format, type and purpose of measurement, and with whom wellbeing should be discussed were measured. When an outcome was scored 7-9 on a 9-point Likert scale of agreement by ≥75% of participants it was considered critical, in line with COMET and GRADE processes for rating recommendations. Inductive thematic analysis was undertaken on the interview transcripts by two independent researchers. Setting All Medicine programmes at University of Southampton. Participants Medical students from all years took part in the survey (n=118) and interviews (n=16). Results Participant demographics were similar to national medical student demographics. Most participants (94%) felt able to give 5 minutes to measure their wellbeing at least once a month. No single format of measurement was rated critical. Research, governance and individual feedback all reached the 75% threshold for the purpose being considered critically important. Only subjective assessments undertaken by the individual in real-time were rated as critically important (78.1%) measurement tools. Students selected that they would discuss their wellbeing with other medical students (n=87) nearly as often as they selected a member of the Faculty (n=104). Top determinants of wellbeing picked by medical students were energy, ability to do activities of daily living, and negative feelings. Five interview themes further explained these findings. Conclusions Five recommendations about self-care teaching, quality-assured pastoral and peer support, proactive wellbeing check-ins and demographic data are discussed in light of these findings. Methods to achieve them are suggested, which are medical student-centred, and which make use of existing resources.

scholarly journals Perception of Breastfeeding among Female Medical Students, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia 2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghaida Aziz, Ghaida jabri, Ghaida Al-Ahmadi, Mona Ehab, Marw
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Breast feeding (BF) is known to have many advantages but our Arab region has a pattern similar to western countries; where exclusive breastfeeding less than 35%. Knowledge given to women during her antenatal visits plays an important influential role in her attitude and practice of BF later on.  Objective: To explore knowledge and attitude of female medical students at Taibah University about breastfeeding.  Methods: A Cross sectional study was carried out from October to November 2012. It included female medical students. Stratified sampling allocation technique was used; with a total sample of 149 students. A specialty designed self-administrated questionnaire in Arabic form was used. It included socio-demographic data, obstetric history, data about the knowledge and attitude of female medical students towards breastfeeding value and guidelines. Mean percent knowledge score for value of BF, mean percent score for BF guidelines and mean percent score for attitude were calculated. Appropriate statistical tests for qualitative and quantitative data were used accordingly. Results: Majority (91.9%) (of the studied sample) was never married and 37.6% got their knowledge about BF via books. Regarding ever married women, 58.3% only were gravid (mean =2.2±1.94). Only 25.0% were family planning users; 66.7% of them used hormonal contraceptives. Only 20% breast fed their infants with a mean duration for exclusive BF of 3.8 ± 2.87 months and mean age of weaning of 2.3 ±0.63 months. The mean knowledge percent score for guidelines of BF was 64.7±8.45. The mean attitude percent score for concepts related to BF was 76.9±7.91. Conclusion: Media and internet have minor roles in getting knowledge about BF. The mean knowledge score about advantages of BF, guidelines of BF and attitude towards BF of all female medical students; especially academic years were unsatisfactory.

scholarly journals One Snake or Two? Exploring Medical Symbols Among Medical Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Kazeem Kanmodi Kehinde ◽  
Adebayo Oladimeji ◽  
Ayomikun Adesina Miracle ◽  
Francis Fagbule Omotayo ◽  
Emerenini Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Medical Society ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Orthodox Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Symbols play a very crucial role in the culture of a society, and the medical society is not an exception to this. In the world of Orthodox medicine, the Rod of Asclepius is regarded as the true symbol of medicine. However, there exists to be an issue of interchange of the correct medical symbol (i.e. Rod of Asclepius) with another similar symbol (i.e. the Caduceus). This study aims to explore medical students’ knowledge and opinion on the appropriate symbol of medicine. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey of 84 medical students at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University (UDU), North-West Nigeria. Study tool was a paper questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using the Epi info 7 Software. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the participants was 23.7 (±3.4) years, 72.6% were males, and 73.8% were in their 4th year. Only 59.5% had interest in non-medical literature. Also, only 6.0% had doctors as their parents. The majority (88.1%) of the participants erroneously identified the Caduceus symbol as the most appropriate symbol of medicine. Furthermore, only 45.2% indicated that the Rod of Asclepius and the Caduceus symbols originated from ancient Greece. Virtually all (97.6%) the participants opined that the Caduceus symbol is the most popular symbol of Medicine. Finally, the majority (73.8%) of the participants recommended that a course on the History of Medicine should be added to the medical curriculum of their school. Conclusion: This study found that the majority of the surveyed medical students did not know much about the historically correct medical symbol. This shows the need for awareness creation on the true symbol of medicine among medical students, and even the public-at-large.

Obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in a representative population of Iranian adolescents and adults in comparison to a Western population: the Isfahan Healthy Heart Programme

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan ◽  
Roya Kelishadi ◽  
Zahra Dana Siadat ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh ◽  
Amirreza Solhpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Western Population ◽  
National Priority ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to develop reference data for the Iranian population for anthropometric values and cardiometabolic data in comparison with those in Americans, as representative of a Western population.DesignThe present cross-sectional survey, conducted as part of the baseline survey of a community-based interventional study (the Isfahan Healthy Heart Programme), used a two-stage clustering design and was conducted in 12 600 randomly selected adults (≥19 years of age) and 2000 adolescents (aged 11–18 years) living in three cities in the central part of Iran. For comparison with a Western population, comparable data for Americans were derived from the data sets of the Second and Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES II and NHANES III).ResultsIranian women had significantly higher mean BMI, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and waist:hip ratio (WHR) than Iranian men and American women; but the mean BMI of Iranian men was lower than that of American men. The mean serum TAG level of Iranian men was significantly higher than that of Iranian women, whereas the mean serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly higher in Iranian women than in men. The Iranian population had lower mean TC, LDL-C and TAG levels than the Americans, but such difference was not documented for HDL-C. Iranian adolescents had significantly lower mean BMI and higher mean TAG than did American adolescents.ConclusionsOur findings provide serious evidence for health professionals and policy makers about the very high prevalence of generalized and abdominal obesity in Iran. Controlling this emerging health problem, notably in women, should become a national priority in Iran and necessitates comprehensive public health programmes.

scholarly journals Psychological Distress and Coping Strategies Among Clinicians and Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Guilan, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Monfared ◽  
Leila Akhondzadeh ◽  
Robabeh Soleimani ◽  
Saman Maroufizadeh ◽  
Somaye Pouy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Distress Scale

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can lead to psychological distress among clinicians and medical students due to the possibility of disease transmission and closure of educational centers. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the extent of psychological distress and coping strategies among clinicians and medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Rasht, Iran. Methods: Using the Kessler Psychological Distress scale (K10), this cross-sectional analytical study evaluated psychological distress and coping strategies among 109 clinicians and medical students working in Razi Hospital of Rasht, Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic. The K10 scale has 10 items with a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (never) to 5 (always); the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.771. Also, to examine the coping strategies, a 10-item researcher-made checklist was used (CVI = 0.79; CVR = 0.82). The questionnaires were distributed by e-mail from May to June, 2020. After entering the data into SPSS software (version 20), the data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Results: The mean age of the responders was 36.14 years (SD = 10.68). The mean K10 total scores was 12.94 (SD = 7.64). There was a significant negative correlation between age and K10 total scores (r = -0.397, P < 0.001). Single participants had a higher K10 total score compared with married ones (P = 0.003). Furthermore, interns had a higher K10 total score compared with residents (P = 0.012) and faculty members (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Since interns are at a higher risk of psychological distress due to less work experience during the COVID-19 pandemic, continuous monitoring of psychological distress and teaching coping strategies in crisis situations should be included in the training curriculum and educational courses of this group.

scholarly journals A gender comparison of the psychological distress of medical students in Nigeria during the Coronavirus pandemic: A cross-sectional survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Mercy Idowu ◽  
OyinOluwa Gloria Adaramola ◽  
Boluwatife Samson Aderounmu ◽  
Ifeoluwa Delight Olugbamigbe ◽  
Olaoluwa Ezekiel Dada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractBackgroundThe Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic as a large scale stressor could have negative distress on the mental health on medical students. Since gender differences in mental health may exist between males and females, it would prove interesting to see if a large scale stressor such as the pandemic will cause variances in the psychological distress between both genders.This study assessed and compared the psychological distress of COVID-19 among male and female medical students in medical schools in South-Western NigeriaMaterials and methodsA cross-sectional online survey using was carried out among 1010 medical students from three largest universities in south western Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic. The respondents were purposively selected, data was obtained on participants demographic and psychological distress was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12). Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 21 statistical software, chi square was used to assess gender differences, multivariate regression analysis assessed the predictors of psychological distress among both gendersand p values less than 0.05 were considered significant.ResultsFemale medical students are at a higher risk of psychological distress compared to their male counterparts (p<0.005). Females were almost twice at risk of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic than males (OR=1.534, 95% p=0.003). Females with a positive history of mental illness were five times more at risk of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to females with no previous mental health history (OR=5.102, p=0.002)ConclusionFemales were at higher risk of psychological distress compared to male students. Gender specific interventions addressing psychological distress among medical students are recommended.

scholarly journals Knowledge of and Attitude towards Primary Healthcare among Undergraduate Medical Students

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Almas Khattak ◽  
Rabia Khattak ◽  
Maria Mufti ◽  
Haseeba Mukhtar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical Colleges

OBJECTIVES: To assess undergraduate medical students’ knowledge of and their attitudes towards primary healthcare and to compare the knowledge and attitudes of students in public and private medical colleges as well as between different demographic groups of students. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in public and private medical colleges after an ethical approval was granted. Data was collected from 201 undergraduate medical students through a validated (by Chalmers et al. 1997) Primary Health Care Questionnaire (PHCQ) utilizing an online data collection platform of Google Forms. The link to Google Form was distributed via emails and social media links of participating colleges. Data was exported from Google Form into SPSS version 24 and analyzed. RESULTS: The total knowledge score of students ranged from 8 to 17 with the mean knowledge score of 12.62 (SD: 1.398). The total attitude score ranged from 59 to 82 for all the participants with the mean attitude score of 71.12 (SD=4.382). Comparison of knowledge scores showed higher scores in females than males (p=0.004), and significantly higher attitudes scores among private medical students than public (p=0.037). CONCLUSION: Medical students’ gender and setting of their medical studies showed significant influence on their knowledge of and attitudes towards primary healthcare.  

Exploring speciality preferences and the influencing factors among undergraduate medical students at University of Kufa - Iraq: a questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Amjed Hamid Obaid Al-Jaeed ◽  
Yosif Mohammed Hasan Jawad Al-Rammahi ◽  
Mohammed Albaqer Abbas Baqer Mawash ◽  
Hameed Kareem Shaalan Al-Hadrawy ◽  
Basima Shamkhi Jabbar Al Ghazali
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Abstract Objective: To explore Kufa medical students’ preferences of carrier specialization and to investigate the factors that influence their choice of specialty. Methods: By using a non-probability convenience sampling technique, a cross-sectional study was performed on (566) medical students from the second-to-sixth-year in University of Kufa, from the 27th of January to the 21st of February 2019 to study the factors that affect the choice of specialties in undergraduate medical students. An anonymous, structured, self-administered questionnaire was handed out to the students and consisted of three sections covering demographic data, the preferred specialty, and the cause behind selecting the specialty.  Data analysis was performed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25 for windows. Results: Cardiology was the most chosen specialty 55 (9.7%) followed by Pediatrics 46 (8.1%) and Dermatology 45 (8.0%). Additionally, 40 (7.1%) students haven’t decided their specialties yet. The most chosen factors in a descending fashion were "My Passion" which was chosen by 427 (75.4%) students, followed by "income" 67 (11.8%), "less on-call duties" 51 (9.0%), "mentor inspiration" 46 (8.1%), "family member inspiration" 34 (6.0%), "reputation" 22 (3.8%), "less competition" 15 (2.6%), and "number of residency years" 8 (1.4%). Conclusion: Being passionate about or having a keen interest in the selected speciality were the major influencing factors for students to select their future speciality. However, male students' choices based mainly on the “income” and “reputation” of the field, while females opted to choose “less on call duties” more than males. Continuous...  

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