scholarly journals Potential benefits of adaptive intensity modulated proton therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinomas: a planning comparison study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
hideki minatogawa ◽  
Koichi Yasuda ◽  
Yasuhiro Dekura ◽  
Seishin Takao ◽  
Taeko Matsuura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Proton Beam Therapy ◽  
Dose Fractionation ◽  
Intensity Modulated ◽  
Fractionation Schedule ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Supraglottic Larynx

Abstract Background To investigate potential advantages of adaptive intensity modulated proton beam therapy (A-IMPT) by comparing it to adaptive intensity modulated X-ray therapy (A-IMXT) for nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC). Methods Six patients with NPC treated with A-IMXT (step and shoot approach) and concomitant chemotherapy between 2015 and 2016 were selected. In the actual treatment, 46 Gy in 23fr fractions was prescribed using the initial plan and 24 Gy/12fr was prescribed using an adapted plan thereafter. New treatment planning of A-IMPT was made for the same patients using equivalent dose fractionation schedule and dose constraints. The dose volume statistics based on deformable images and dose accumulation was used in the comparison of A-IMXT with A-IMPT. Results The mean doses to the right parotid gland (p = 0.004), left parotid gland (p = 0.012), the oral cavity (p < 0.001), the thyroid gland (p = 0.047), the supraglottic larynx (p < 0.001), the glottic larynx (p = 0.001), the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle (PCM) (p < 0.001), the middle PCM (p = 0.002), the inferior PCM (p < 0.001), and the cricopharyngeal muscle (p = 0.031) in A-IMPT are statistically significantly lower than those of A-IMRT with the statistical significance. The mean dose to the oral cavity, supraglottic larynx, and glottic larynx were all reduced by more than 20 GyE. Conclusion The adaptive approach is suggested to enhance the potential benefit of IMPT compared to IMXT to reduce adverse effects for patients with NPC.

scholarly journals Evaluation of volume change in oral cavity proper before and after mandibular advancement:

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Balaji Rajkumar ◽  
Ratna Parameswaran ◽  
Anantanarayanan Parameswaran ◽  
Devaki Vijayalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Mandibular Advancement ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
Proper Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tongue Volume

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the tongue and oral cavity proper volume in pre- and post-bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) patients, and to establish whether there was a correlation between them. Materials and Methods A retrospective study that evaluated 12 patients' pre- and post-surgical computed tomography records satisfying the inclusion criteria. Borders were defined for measurement of tongue and oral cavity proper volume. The volume assessment was carried out using 3D slice software. Results The mean difference of tongue volume was 5.7 ± 1.7 cm3, which showed high statistical significance. The mean difference of oral cavity proper volume (OCVP) was 6.9 ± 3.4 cm3 and indicated high statistical significance. A very strong positive correlation existed between pre- and post-surgical tongue volume. Positive correlation was also evident between pre and post - surgical OCVP. Medium positive correlation was noted when the difference between pre- and post-surgical tongue and OCVP were assessed. Conclusions There was a significant change in volume of tongue and oral cavity proper after BSSO advancement surgery. The space around the tongue, position of tongue, and maxillary and mandibular relationship influence the volume of tongue and oral cavity proper.

scholarly journals Normal values of coronary arteries branching height in women

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
U.Ye. Pidvalna ◽  
D.M. Beshley ◽  
M.Z. Mirchuk ◽  
L.R. Mateshuk-Vatseba
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Lower Edge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Morphometric analysis of the structures of the aortic bulb and coronary arteries is necessary for the planning of cardiac surgery and endovascular interventions. The aim of the study was to determine the height of the coronary arteries branching in healthy women of Lviv city and Lviv region and to determine the relationship between the height of the location of the orifice of the coronary artery with anthropometric indicators. Fifteen computed tomography images with contrast of female thorax without heart and ascending aortic lesions (normal) were selected for the study. The height of the upper and lower edges of the coronary arteries was measured; height of Valsalva sinuses. The comparison of the mean values was performed according to the Student’s t-test. The correlation between the observed variables (age, height, body weight, body mass index, body surface area, height of the sinuses of Valsalva) was calculated using the Pearson linear correlation method (r). According to the study, the population group consisted of persons of the second period of adulthood (46.67 %) and the elderly (53.33 %). According to the body mass index, 80 % were overweight or obese I-II degree. The mean height of the coronary artery orifice in women without structural changes of the heart and ascending aorta was: 11.19±1.96 mm for the left and 11.68±1.80 mm for the right. The height of the orifice of the right and left coronary arteries were almost the same, without statistical significance (p=0.26). Analysis of the correlation between the values of the height of the orifice of the coronary artery did not show a probable dependence on height, weight, age, body mass index and body surface area. There is a direct relationship between the parameters of the height of the lower edge of the right coronary artery and the height of the upper edge of the right coronary artery (r=+0.75, p=0.001) and between the value of the lower edge of the left coronary artery and the upper edge of the left coronary artery (r=+0.63, p=0.01). Thus, the analysis of the correlation between the values of the height of the orifice of the coronary artery in women in norm and anthropometric indicators did not show a significant relationship. There was no statistical significance between the indicators of the height of the orifice of the right and left coronary arteries in women.

scholarly journals Sexual Dimorphism in Laryngeal Volumetric Measurements Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Latif Hamdan ◽  
Elie Khalifee ◽  
Georges Ziade ◽  
Sahar Semaan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Volumetric Measurements

The objective of this study is to investigate the dimensional and volumetric measurements in the thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle in men and women using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The hypothesis is that there is a gender-related difference in these measurements. A retrospective chart review of 76 patients who underwent MRI of the neck at the American University of Beirut Medical Center was conducted. The dimension and volume of the right and left TA muscle were measured on axial and coronal planes short tau inversion recovery images. Male and female groups were compared with respect to demographic data and MRI findings using parametric and nonparametric tests. The mean length of the thyro-arytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 2.44 [0.29] cm vs females 1.70 [0.22] cm) and on the left (males 2.50 [0.28] cm vs females 1.72 [0.24] cm) reaching statistical significance ( P < .001). The mean width of the thyro-arytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 0.68 [0.13] cm vs females 0.59 [0.11] cm) and on the left (males 0.68 [0.12] cm vs females 0.57 [0.12] cm) reaching statistical significance ( P < .001). The mean height of the thyro-arytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 1.05 [0.21] cm vs females 0.95 [0.12] cm) and on the left (males 1.05 [0.21] cm vs females 0.95 [0.12] cm) reaching statistical significance ( P < .01 on the right and P < .05 on the left). The volume of the thyroarytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 0.86 [0.25] mL vs females 0.48 [0.15] mL) and on the left (males 0.89 [0.27] mL vs females 0.48 [0.17] mL) reaching statistical significance ( P < .001). The results of this investigation clearly indicate a significant difference in these measurements between men and women.

scholarly journals Dynamic Evaluation of the Contractile Function of Lumbodorsal Muscles During the Locust Pose in Yoga by Real-Time Ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfen Liu ◽  
Jiachun Li ◽  
xiang zhou ◽  
Ningning Chen ◽  
Hui Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Dynamic Evaluation ◽  
Quadratus Lumborum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background and Purpose: The purpose was to observe the changes in the thickness of lumbodorsal muscles that occur during the locust pose in yoga and how these changes occur. From the changes in muscle thickness that occur in the locust pose, the contractile function of lumbodorsal muscles can be evaluated.Methods: The changes in the thickness of the lumbodorsal muscles in the relaxed and contracted states were dynamically observed by real-time ultrasound when subjects were performing the locust yoga pose. Then, the thicknesses of the muscles during the two states were measured to calculate the ratio of contraction of each muscle and determine the statistical significance of the change in thickness of each muscle.Results: The mean thicknesses of the lumbodorsal muscles, including the multifidus, longissimus, iliocostalis, and quadratus lumborum, obviously differed between the relaxed and contracted states (P<0.005). The the mean C/R of the longissimus was 1.39±0.14 on the left and 1.40±0.16 on the right. The multifidus and iliocostalis had the second highest C/R. The mean C/R of the multifidus was 1.23±0.12 on the left and 1.24±0.15 on the right, and the mean C/R of the iliocostalis was 1.25±0.12 on the left and 1.24±0.14 on the right. The quadratus lumborum had the lowest C/R, and the mean C/R of the quadratus lumborum was 1.17±0.10 on the left and 1.19±0.11 on the right. Conclusions: The contractile activity of the lumbar muscles can be observed by ultrasound to evaluate the contractile function of the lumbar muscles.

scholarly journals The Long-Term Recovery of Parotid Glands in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Treated by Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Tasaka ◽  
Keiichi Jingu ◽  
Noriyoshi Takahashi ◽  
Rei Umezawa ◽  
Takaya Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Intensity Modulated ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
The Mean

BackgroundXerostomia is one of the most common adverse events of radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. There have been many reports on functional changes of the parotid gland after radiation therapy, but there have been few reports on the volume of the parotid gland and its relationship with oral quality of life (QOL) and even fewer reports on longitudinal change of the parotid gland volume. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term change of the parotid gland volume after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the relationship between parotid irradiation dose and xerostomia symptoms.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 26 patients with nasopharyngeal cancer treated by IMRT. Longitudinal changes of parotid gland volumes after IMRT were evaluated on CT images. The parotid gland volumes in each period were converted to the ratio to parotid gland volumes before radiotherapy (relative parotid volume). Dunnett’s test was used to evaluate the longitudinal changes in relative parotid volumes at 0-6, 7-18, 19-30, 31-42, 43-54 and 55-66 months after IMRT. We assessed xerostomia 3 years or more after IMRT by measuring the degree of oral moisture using a moisture-checking device (Mucus, Life Co., Ltd.) and oral QOL evaluation by GOHAI (General Oral Health Assessment Index).ResultsThe relative parotid volumes during radiotherapy and at 0-6, 7-18, 19-30, 31-42, 43-54 and 55-66 months after IMRT were 75.2 ± 14.3%, 67.2 ± 11.4%, 68.5 ± 15.9%, 72.4 ± 14.8%, 73.0 ± 13.8%, 76.2 ± 17.5%, and 77.1% ± 17.3%, respectively. The parotid volume had recovered significantly at 43-54 and 55-66 months after IMRT, especially in parotids receiving less than 40 Gy as the mean dose. The mean irradiated dose for bilateral parotids showed negative correlations with oral QOL score and oral moisture after a long period.ConclusionsThe parotid volume recovered gradually but had not reached a plateau even 3 years after radiotherapy, especially in parotids receiving less than 40 Gy as the mean dose.

scholarly journals Epidermal Cyst of Parotid Gland: A Rarity and a Diagnostic Dilemma

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Anuradha Ganesan ◽  
Gautham Kumar Nandakumar
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Epidermal Cyst ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
The Right

Epidermal cysts are common skin lesions but they occur very rarely in the oral cavity, especially in the salivary glands. Very few cases have been reported in the literature and, here, we present one such rare case of epidermal cyst in the right parotid gland in a 62-year-old female patient.

scholarly journals Concomitant Anomalous Branching of Facial Nerve and Double Parotid Duct: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amro Mohamed Soliman ◽  
Elvy Suhana Ramli ◽  
Srijit Das ◽  
Norzana Abd Ghafar
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Anterior Border ◽  
Parotid Duct ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

The facial nerve divides within the parotid gland into upper temporozygomatic and lower cervicofacial branches. The two branches further subdivide and emerge from the parotid gland as five main branches. We observed a rare anomalous branching pattern of the facial nerve along with double parotid duct on the right side of a 50-year-old male cadaver. The two parotid ducts emerged at the level of the anterior border of parotid gland then united to form one single duct thereby opened into the oral cavity. The first duct (D1) emerged from the upper one third of the anterior border of the parotid gland and traversed horizontally for 9 mm to join the second duct. Knowledge of anomalous branching pattern of facial nerve and double parotid ducts may be beneficial for maxillofacial surgeons.

Sex Differences in Dichotic Listening among Asian Americans

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
William T. Tsushima ◽  
Vincent G. Tsushima
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Listening Tests ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Asian American College Students ◽  
The Right

Dichotic-listening tests were conducted with 23 male and 23 female Asian-American college students. The mean correct responses for the men were right ear 54.7 and left ear 48.7, whereas the mean correct for the women were for the right ear 53.4 and the left ear 54.8. Among the men 60.9% did better with the right ear than with the left, while 43.5% of the women showed a right-ear superiority. The male-female differences, however, did not teach statistical significance. Clearly, larger samples are needed.

scholarly journals The Long-term Recovery of Parotid Glands and Oral QOL in Nasopharyngeal Cancer Treated by Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Tasaka ◽  
Keiichi Jingu ◽  
Noriyoshi Takahashi ◽  
Haruo Matsushita ◽  
Rei Umezawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Intensity Modulated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BackgroundXerostomia is one of the most common adverse events of radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate longitudinal volume the change of parotid gland after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer and the relationship between parotid irradiation dose and xerostomia symptoms.Methods We retrospectively analyzed longitudinal changing of parotid gland volumes in 20 patients treated by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). We assessed xerostomia 4 years or more after IMRT by measuring the degree of oral moisture and oral QOL evaluation.ResultsThe relative parotid volumes at 0-6, 7-18, 19-30, 31-42, 43-54 and 55-66 months after IMRT were67.9 ± 10.1%, 67.7 ± 13.6%, 74.3 ± 12.5%, 75.8 ± 12.4%, 78.3 ± 17.4%, and 75.3% ± 17.7%, respectively. The parotid volume had recovered significantly at 31-42 months after IMRT, especially in parotid receiving less than 40 Gy. The mean irradiated dose for bilateral parotids showed negative correlations with oral QOL score and oral moisture. ConclusionThe mean irradiated dose for the parotid should be reduce as much as possible to improve oral QOL long after IMRT.

scholarly journals Evaluation of human temporal bone for loacting favourable site to place longer implant for implant retained auricular prosthesis –a clinicoanatomic study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
K Ramkumar ◽  
◽  
S. Sripriya ◽  
C. Sabarigirinathan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Human Temporal Bone ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Paired T Test

Aim: To find sites in human temporal bone for placing longer implant Materials & Methods: Dry human skull were procured from the anatomy department. External acoustic meatus(EAM) was taken as reference point from that point five arcs of radius15mm, 20mm,25mm,30mm,35 mm were drawn over the temporal bone. The temporal bone removed from the skull and the bone is removed from the outer most point towards the EAM. The thickness of the bone at 1oClock and 4o Clock position and 8oClock and 11o Clock position over the left and right side of the temporal measured using digital Vernier calliper. The temporal bone is thicker at the 3oClock on the left and 9oClock on the right side. The thickness at the new position also measured. Result: The mean bone thickness at 15mm, 20mm, 25mm ranges from 3.92 to 12.08mm. The mean bone Thickness at the 3oclock and 9 o clock position at the distance of 20mm from EAM ranges from 8.21 to 8.50mm.The Statistical significance within the group were analysed using paired t test and found to be statistical significant at P value less than. 05. Conclusion: The external surface of temporal bone at the 3oClock on the left and 9oClock on the right side denser and thicker. The bone availability is also more favours for placing longer implant.

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