Comparative transcriptome analysis of astaxanthin accumulation difference between non-motile cells and akinetes of Haematococcus pluvialis

Abstract Background: Nature astaxanthin is mainly derived from Haematococcus pluvialis. H. pluvialis has four kinds of cell morphology. Based on sequential heterotrophy-dilution-photoinduction (SHDP) technology, photoinduction using non-motile cells as seeds could result in a higher astaxanthin production than that of using brown akinetes as photoinduction seeds. To have a comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon, transcriptome analysis was conducted in this study.Results: Though most of photosynthesis genes expression were down-regulated during the SHDP culture process. Comparing with the group using brown akinetes as photoinduction seeds, the genes expression involved in astaxanthin biosynthesis, lipid biosynthesis and photosynthesis were up-regulated in the non-motile cells group. Especially, chyb gene improving the conversion of β-carotene into astaxanthin was up-regulated by 2.6-fold. The acaca gene enhancing the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA was up-regulated by 1.4-fold.Conclusions: Astaxanthin synthesis mechanism of non-motile cells with higher astaxanthin accumulation ability than brown akinetes was attributed to the up-regulation of astaxanthin metabolism, lipid metabolism and photosynthesis-related genes expression. The results are expected to guide the optimization of astaxanthin production in H. pluvialis by improving lipid content or photosynthesis.

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Comparative transcriptome analysis of a long-time span two-step culture process reveals a potential mechanism for astaxanthin and biomass hyper-accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis JNU35

Biotechnology for Biofuels ◽

10.1186/s13068-019-1355-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Luodong Huang ◽

Baoyan Gao ◽

Manman Wu ◽

Feifei Wang ◽

Chengwu Zhang

Keyword(s):

Transcriptome Analysis ◽

Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽

Time Span ◽

Potential Mechanism ◽

Comparative Transcriptome ◽

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis ◽

Long Time ◽

Culture Process

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Differences between Motile and Nonmotile Cells of Haematococcus pluvialis in the Production of Astaxanthin at Different Light Intensities

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md17010039 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 39 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Feng Li ◽

Minggang Cai ◽

Mingwei Lin ◽

Xianghu Huang ◽

Jun Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Induction Period ◽

Cell Cultures ◽

Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽

Light Intensities ◽

Motile Cells ◽

Cell Mortality ◽

Astaxanthin Production ◽

Major Cell Type ◽

The Stability

Haematococcus pluvialis, as the best natural resource of astaxanthin, is widely used in nutraceuticals, aquaculture, and cosmetic industries. The purpose of this work was to compare the differences in astaxanthin accumulation between motile and nonmotile cells of H. pluvialis and to determine the relationship between the two cells and astaxanthin production. The experiment design was achieved by two different types of H. pluvialis cell and three different light intensities for an eight day induction period. The astaxanthin concentrations in nonmotile cell cultures were significantly increased compared to motile cell cultures. The increase of astaxanthin was closely associated with the enlargement of cell size, and the nonmotile cells were more conducive to the formation of large astaxanthin-rich cysts than motile cells. The cyst enlargement and astaxanthin accumulation of H. pluvialis were both affected by light intensity, and a general trend was that the higher the light intensity, the larger the cysts formed, and the larger the quantity of astaxanthin accumulated. In addition, the relatively low cell mortality rate in the nonmotile cell cultures indicated that the nonmotile cells have a stronger tolerance to photooxidative stress. We suggest that applying nonmotile cells as the major cell type of H. pluvialis to the induction period may help to enhance the content of astaxanthin and the stability of astaxanthin production.

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Chlorophyll as key indicator to evaluate astaxanthin accumulation ability of Haematococcus pluvialis

Bioresources and Bioprocessing ◽

10.1186/s40643-019-0287-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lei Fang ◽

Jingkui Zhang ◽

Zhongnan Fei ◽

Minxi Wan

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽

Degradation Products ◽

Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Transcription Level ◽

Key Indicator ◽

Culture Process ◽

The Relationship ◽

Accumulation Ability

Abstract Background Natural astaxanthin is mainly derived from Haematococcus pluvialis. In the photoinduction phase, astaxanthin accumulation ability can be significantly affected by the characteristics of H. pluvialis cells in the proliferation phase. Based on sequential heterotrophy–dilution–photoinduction (SHDP) technology, the authors’ previous study showed that high astaxanthin accumulation ability is accompanied by high chlorophyll content of H. pluvialis heterotrophic cell; whereas the mechanism of this result remained largely obscure. Therefore, transcriptome analysis was conducted to explain this mechanism. Results RNA-seq analysis showed that the transcription level of chlorophyll synthesis-related genes was negatively correlated with genes related to astaxanthin synthesis. A metabolic network between chlorophyll synthesis and astaxanthin accumulation was proposed. Conclusions The relationship between chlorophyll synthesis and astaxanthin accumulation was clarified. Chlorophyll degradation products might be used for astaxanthin synthesis through certain pathways. This study enlightens on the mechanism for the transformation of pigment and is conducive to optimize culture process of H. pluvialis by improving the chlorophyll content of heterotrophic cell.

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Accumulation of phytoene and astaxanthin and related genes expression in Haematococcus pluvialis under sodium acetate stress

Aquatic Biology ◽

10.3354/ab00733 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 155-164

Author(s):

X Cong ◽

X Zang ◽

M Dong ◽

Z Wang ◽

B He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Sodium Acetate ◽

Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽

Enzymatic Catalysis ◽

Transcriptional Level ◽

Genes Expression ◽

Astaxanthin Production ◽

Carotenoid Synthesis ◽

The Relationship ◽

Β Carotene

Phytoene and astaxanthin are 2 important carotenoids in the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. Under environmental stress, the synthesis of phytoene in H. pluvialis increases significantly, and phytoene is converted to astaxanthin through enzymatic catalysis. This paper analyzes the relationship between astaxanthin and phytoene accumulation in carotenoid synthesis pathways under different concentrations of sodium acetate (NaAc) by high-performance liquid chromatography. The highest concentrations of phytoene and astaxanthin were observed at the NaAc concentration of 6 g l-1 on the 12th day of induction. The highest astaxanthin concentration achieved was 2.26 ± 0.28%. Therefore, we concluded that 6 g l-1 NaAc and induction for 12 d provided the optimal inducing conditions for astaxanthin accumulation in H. pluvialis. psy, pds, lcyB, β-carotene ketolase crtw, and crtz, which are genes related to phytoene and astaxanthin synthesis, were cloned and studied at the transcriptional level. crtw and crtz were continuously up-regulated since the first day of induction, while psy, pds, and lcyB were continuously up-regulated starting on the 3rd day of induction. These findings are important for enhancing our understanding of the mechanism of accumulation of phytoene and astaxanthin in H. pluvialis and provide a foundation for identifying the induction conditions necessary for optimizing astaxanthin production and increasing astaxanthin yields.

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Transcriptome analysis reveals the promoting effect of trisodium citrate on astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis under high light condition

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736978 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 736978

Author(s):

Feichao Du ◽

Chaoyang Hu ◽

Xue Sun ◽

Liuquan Zhang ◽

Nianjun Xu

Keyword(s):

Transcriptome Analysis ◽

Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽

Light Condition ◽

Trisodium Citrate ◽

High Light ◽

Promoting Effect ◽

High Light Condition

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NaCl Promotes the Efficient Formation of Haematococcus pluvialis Nonmotile Cells under Phosphorus Deficiency

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19060337 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 337

Author(s):

Feng Li ◽

Ning Zhang ◽

Yulei Zhang ◽

Qingsheng Lian ◽

Caiying Qin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽

Phosphorus Deficiency ◽

Cell Formation ◽

Animal Nutrition ◽

Cell Factory ◽

Cell Type ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Related Factors ◽

Motile Cells ◽

Application Prospects

Natural astaxanthin helps reduce the negative effects caused by oxidative stress and other related factors, thereby minimizing oxidative damage. Therefore, it has considerable potential and broad application prospects in human health and animal nutrition. Haematococcus pluvialis is considered to be the most promising cell factory for the production of natural astaxanthin. Previous studies have confirmed that nonmotile cells of H. pluvialis are more tolerant to high intensity of light than motile cells. Cultivating nonmotile cells as the dominant cell type in the red stage can significantly increase the overall astaxanthin productivity. However, we know very little about how to induce nonmotile cell formation. In this work, we first investigated the effect of phosphorus deficiency on the formation of nonmotile cells of H. pluvialis, and then investigated the effect of NaCl on the formation of nonmotile cells under the conditions of phosphorus deficiency. The results showed that, after three days of treatment with 0.1% NaCl under phosphorus deficiency, more than 80% of motile cells had been transformed into nonmotile cells. The work provides the most efficient method for the cultivation of H. pluvialis nonmotile cells so far, and it significantly improves the production of H. pluvialis astaxanthin.

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