scholarly journals Effectiveness of nutrition interventions and approaches used for Management of Moderate Acute Malnutrition in Children of age 6-59 months – A Systematic Review Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Ali Samnani ◽  
Mehak Azim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Moderate Acute Malnutrition

Abstract Background:In year 2019 approximately 47.0 million children under five were wasted of which 32.3 million were moderately & remaining 14.3 million were severely wasted. Acute malnutrition has been estimated to be responsible for almost 12.6% of under five deaths globally. If remained untreated moderate Acute malnutrition (MAM) is likely to progress to Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM). Both prevention and treatment of MAM are, therefore, likely to improve under-five survival globally. Therefore, this review aimed in determining the effectiveness of different approaches used for the management of MAM in Children 6-59 months of age in comparison with WHO Protocol for the management of MAM.Methods:Systematic review of Quantitative literature on Management of MAM in children 6-59 months using two electronic data bases (PubMed and Cochrane Library) and search engine (google scholars). Use of Grey literature, manual search and cross referencing were also performed. PRISMA checklist was used as a guide to this review. Total 14 studies out of XXXX were available for full text review based on eligibility criteria. Data extraction sheet was designed to extract relevant information. Overall Quality appraisal of included studies will be undertaken using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist for RCTs and New castle checklist for other studies. Data Synthesis will be done using Review Manager software version 5.3.Discussion: Acute malnutrition is a continuum condition, but severe and moderate forms are treated separately This review findings would expect to explore the effective interventions and approaches undertaken for the management of MAM; in order to support and advocate for uniform, effective, simpler and sustainable approach for its management and to ensure that all MAM children should have access to treatment and hence not been neglected or awaited till the situation deteriorated to SAM. Systematic Review registration: PROSPERO, CRD42020161404

scholarly journals An Overview on Acute Malnutrition and Food Insecurity among Children during the Conflict in Yemen

Children ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fekri Dureab ◽  
Eshraq Al-Falahi ◽  
Osan Ismail ◽  
Lina Al-Marhali ◽  
Ayoub Al Jawaldeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Moderate Acute Malnutrition

Background: This study aims to describe malnutrition among children under five and to describe the food insecurity status during the current conflict in Yemen. Methods: Data were obtained from a Yemeni nutrition surveillance program (pilot phase) targeting 4142 households with 5276 children under five from two governorates (Ibb and Sana’a). Results: Global acute malnutrition was found in 13.3% of overall screened children, while 4.9% had severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and 8.4% had moderate acute malnutrition. One-fifth of the children under six months of age were acutely malnourished, followed by children under two years at 18.5% based on weight-for-height z scores. Significant associations between malnutrition and other diseases included suspected measles at three times higher rates (4.5%, p < 0.00) among SAM cases than other children. Diarrhea, fever, and cough were significantly higher among the SAM group (p < 0.05). Most households depended on market food purchases in the month preceding this survey (84.7%). Household coping mechanisms to secure daily meals included borrowing food to survive, changing types and quality of food, and decreasing the number of meals per day; some families sent their children to live with relatives. Conclusion: Malnutrition is a serious public health problem. The humanitarian community needs to adopt alternative strategies to improve food security and the nutrition status in Yemen.

scholarly journals Recovery rate and determinants of severe acute malnutrition children treatment in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassahun Gebeyehu Yazew ◽  
Chanyalew Worku Kassahun ◽  
Amare Wondim Ewnetie ◽  
Habtamu Kerebih Mekonen ◽  
Endalamaw Salilew Abagez
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Care Providers

Abstract Background Severe acute malnutrition affects more than 20 million children. Africa is pointed out as a region where the problem is highly prevalent. There were individual studies on the recovery rate and its determinants among children with severe acute malnutrition in Ethiopia. But, there is no national pooled estimate. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the recovery rate and determinants among children with severe acute malnutrition admitted to the therapeutic feeding unit in Ethiopia. Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline was followed in this study. Studies were accessed through electronic web-based search from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and EMBASE. The statistical analysis was conducted using STATA version-11 software. The pooled prevalence was estimated with 95% confidence intervals using a random-effects model. Result A total of 12 studies were included with 2658 participants in the analysis. The overall pooled estimated recovery rate among children with severe acute malnutrition admitted to the inpatient therapeutic feeding unit in Ethiopia was 72.02 % (CI, 64.83, 79.22%). In the subgroup analysis, the highest estimate (80.29%) was observed in studies conducted in Oromia regional state, while 68.63% was observed in studies Southern Nation Nationality of people region 68.63%. Children who had no congestive heart failure were 4.88 times (OR, 4.88; 95% CI, 2.246, 10.586) more likely to recover than their counterparts. Conclusion The recovery rate among severe acute malnourished children on the therapeutic feeding unit in Ethiopia lied within the international minimum sphere. Hence, health care providers shall strengthen the management of severe acute malnutrition and management other co-morbidities like congestive heart failure. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019119124

scholarly journals Predictors of inpatient mortality among children hospitalized for severe acute malnutrition: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1069-1079
Author(s):  
Radhini Karunaratne ◽  
Jonathan P Sturgeon ◽  
Rajvi Patel ◽  
Andrew J Prendergast
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inpatient Mortality ◽  
Baseline Factors ◽  
The Cochrane Library

ABSTRACT Background Malnutrition underlies 45% of under-5 deaths globally. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is the most serious form of undernutrition, characterized by wasting with or without edema. Mortality remains high (10%–40%) among children requiring hospitalization for complicated SAM. Objectives We aimed to systematically document the factors independently associated with inpatient mortality in children with SAM. Methods Embase, Ovid MEDINE, the Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched for articles published between January 2000 and January 2020, using a prespecified protocol. Eligible studies included children aged ≤59 mo hospitalized with SAM and used multivariable analysis to assess the baseline factors independently associated with inpatient mortality. Random-effects meta-analysis, stratified by the stated measure of effect, was used where &gt;20% of studies included the same factor in analyses. Results Twenty-eight of 1432 studies fulfilled inclusion criteria: 19 studies included all children with SAM and 9 included specific subgroups of children with SAM. All 19 main studies were from 8 countries across Africa, with a median of 400 children/study. The mean inpatient mortality was 15.7% (95% CI: 10.4%, 21.0%) and HIV prevalence ranged from 2.1% to 51%. Nine factors were included in the meta-analysis, stratified by HR and OR. HIV infection (HR: 4.32; 95% CI: 2.31, 8.08), weight-for-height z score (WHZ) (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.80), diarrhea (HR: 2.84; 95% CI: 1.40, 5.75), pneumonia (HR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.19, 3.02), presence of shock (HR: 3.67; 95% CI: 2.24, 6.03), and lack of appetite (HR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.48, 3.16) were associated with increased mortality, whereas child age and sex were not. The association between edema and mortality was difficult to ascertain from the available studies. Conclusions HIV infection, diarrhea, pneumonia, shock, lack of appetite, and lower WHZ are independent predictors of inpatient mortality in children with SAM. These factors may help to risk-stratify children being hospitalized with complicated SAM. This systematic review/meta-analysis protocol was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero as CRD42019152267.

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes of severe acute malnutrition and Predictors of Recovery in Under-Five children treated within Outpatient Therapeutic Program in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zebenay Workneh Workneh Bitew ◽  
Ayinalem Alemu ◽  
Teshager Worku
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Feeding Programs

Abstract Introduction Severe acute malnutrition affects around 17 million under-five children in the world, of which the highest burden is accounted by Sub-Saharan Africa where Ethiopia is found. Besides few individualized, inconsistent and inconclusive studies, there is no nationally representative study conducted on treatment outcomes of SAM in outpatient therapeutic feeding programs in Ethiopia. This study aimed at estimating the pooled treatment outcomes and predictors of recovery rate among under- five children with SAM in Ethiopia. Methods Both electronic databases (PubMed, Medline (EBSCOhost), EMBASE (Elsevier), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), web of science, Scopus, Science Direct and Food Science and Technology Abstracts (FSTA)) and grey literature sources (Google scholar, Mednar, World Cat and google) were used to retrieve articles. The random effect model was used to estimate the pooled treatment outcomes. Hazard ratios were used to determine the predictors of recovery rate. Cochran’s Q, I 2 , and univariate Meta regression were done for heterogeneity as well as Begg’s & Egger’s tests for publication bias. Results Nineteen articles with a total number of 23395 under-five children with SAM were used for this meta-analysis. The pooled recovery, death, defaulter and non-recovery rates were 70% (95% CI: 64.45, 75.72), 1.69% (95% CI: 1.06, 2.31), 9.7% (95%CI: 7, 12.4), 15.14% (95% CI: 10.11, 20.16), respectively. Diarrhea (HR=0.8, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.94), no edema (HR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.50) and amoxicillin (HR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.44) were independent predictors of recovery rate of children with SAM in Ethiopia. Publication year was found to be the potential source of heterogeneity among the included studies. Conclusion The treatment outcomes of children with SAM from outpatient therapeutic feeding programs of Ethiopia are lower than the sphere guidelines, WHO and national recommendations. Diarrhea and no edema antagonized the recovery rate of children while amoxicillin enhanced the recovery rate of children from SAM. Community health workers need to be trained. Especial attention should be given while treating children with diarrhea and severe wasting. Community mobilization is also recommended to increase community awareness about the therapeutic foods.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of interventions for the prevention of occupational violence against professionals in health services: a protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e036558
Author(s):  
Caroline Vieira Cláudio Okubo ◽  
Renata Cristina Campos Pereira Silveira ◽  
Maria José Quina Galdino ◽  
Daiane Rubinato Fernandes ◽  
Aline Aparecida Oliveira Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Occupational Violence

IntroductionOccupational violence affects several categories of workers; however, the health sector category has been considered at a high risk, exposing workers to physical and psychological abuse. Thus, occupational violence has decreased the quality of care in health service. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for the prevention and reduction of occupational violence against health professionals.Methods and analysisThis protocol is consistent with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Searches will be conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and LIVIVO along with a comprehensive review of grey literature. The search will be conducted on August 1 st 2020, without language and time restrictions. Following the eligibility criteria, two independent reviewers will select the titles and abstracts and subsequently screen the full articles. If necessary, a third reviewer will assess any disagreements. All references will be imported into EndNote, and any duplicates will be removed. The data will be extracted using an extraction-based form from Cochrane. Statistical analyses will be performed using the software Cochrane Review Manager, and a meta-analysis will be performed if possible for the statistical combination of at least two studies. The risk of bias of the randomised clinical trials will be evaluated by the Risk of Bias tool from Cochrane, and the risk of bias of the non-randomised intervention studies will be evaluated using the Downs and Black scale. The quality of the evidence and strength of the classification recommendations will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation.Ethics and disseminationThis review will not evaluate individual patient information and therefore does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals, presentations at conferences and the doctoral thesis of the leading author.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018111383.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with malaria among under-five children in Ethiopia: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abay Woday ◽  
Mulluken Dessalegn ◽  
Setognal Birara ◽  
Kusse Urmale
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background: The Sub-Saharan African countries have been carried 80% of the global burden of malaria. Consequently, malaria is still the leading cause of under-five mortality in developing nations. In Ethiopia, studies conducted regarding prevalence and associated factors of malaria among under five children are inconsistently reported and highly variable.Objective: to determine the pooled prevalence and associated factors of malaria among under five children in Ethiopia. Methods: The protocol for this review is registered at PROSPERO with registration number: CRD42020157886. A comprehensive search of the following electronic databases were made using: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, web science, HINARI, Cochrane library, Google Scholar and maternity & infant care databases as well as grey literature uploaded at Ethiopian Health Development Journal were searched until May 2020. The quality of studies will be assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist. All identified observational studies reporting the prevalence of malaria and associated factors among under five children in Ethiopia will be considered. Three reviewers will screen all retrieved articles, conduct data extraction, and then critically appraise all identified studies. The analysis of data will be done using STATA 14.0 statistical software. We will determine the pooled prevalence and determinants of malaria among under five children using random effect model with effect size and 95% confidence interval. Heterogeneity among the included studies will be assessed through the Cochrane Q-test statistics and I2 test. Furthermore, publication bias will be checked using funnel plot and egger’s test. Finally, statistical significance level will be declared at a p-value less than 0.05. Discussion: The result from this systematic review will inform and guide health policy planners and researchers on the burden, and determinants of under five children malaria in Ethiopia. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review in Ethiopia. We will synthesize the findings to generate up-to-date knowledge on malaria among under five children in Ethiopia.

Computed tomography imaging superimposition protocols to assess outcomes in orthognathic surgery: a systematic review with comprehensive recommendations

2021 ◽  
pp. 20210340
Author(s):  
Fernando de Oliveira Andriola ◽  
Orion Luiz Haas Junior ◽  
Raquel Guijarro-Martínez ◽  
Federico Hernández-Alfaro ◽  
Rogério Belle de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Reported Data

Objectives: A systematic review was performed to analyze the current evidence on three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) superimposition protocols used to assess dentomaxillofacial changes after orthognathic and orthofacial surgery. Accuracy, reproducibility, and efficiency were evaluated. Methods: The search was divided into Main Search (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and SciELO), Grey Literature search (Google Scholar and Open Grey), and Manual search. Thirteen studies were included. Of these, 10 reported data on accuracy, 10 on reproducibility and five on efficiency. Seven proposed or evaluated methods of voxel-based superimposition, three focused on the surface-based technique, one compared surface- and voxel-based superimposition protocols, one used the maximum mutual information algorithm, and one described a landmark-based superimposition method. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was the most common imaging technique, being used in 10 studies. Results: The accuracy of most methods was high, showing mean differences smaller than voxels’ dimensions, ranging between 0.05 and 1.76 mm for translational accuracy, and 0.10–1.09° for rotational accuracy. The overall reproducibility was considered good as demonstrated by the small mean error (range: 0.01–0.26 mm) and high correlation coefficients (range: 0.53–1.00). Timing to complete virtual superimposition techniques ranged between a few seconds up to 40 min. Conclusions: Voxel-based superimposition protocols presented the highest accuracy and reproducibility. Moreover, superimposition protocols that used automated processes and involved only one software were the most efficient.

scholarly journals Accuracy of mRNA HPV Tests for Triage of Precursor Lesions and Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina L. Macedo ◽  
João Carlos N. Gonçalves ◽  
Daniela Vicente Bavaresco ◽  
Antonio José Grande ◽  
Napoleão Chiaramonte Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

Objective. This systematic review evaluates the accuracy of the mRNA HPV biomarker in cervical smears to identify cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or 3 and cervical cancer. Data Source. Eligible studies were identified by performing a search of electronic databases on Medline via Pubmed, Lilacs, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Grey literature for papers published between January 1990 and June 2018. Study Eligibility Criteria. As no randomized studies were identified, this review focuses on observational studies in which the mRNA HPV diagnostic test was compared to a histopathology reference standard. We analyzed studies that included women screened for cervical cancer using mRNA HPV. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods. After screening, 61 studies including 29,674 patients met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Dichotomization was performed by defining CIN2 or worse (CIN2+) versus CIN1, HPV infection, and normal (CIN 1-). The analysis was discriminated by the following tests: Aptima, PreTect HPV Profeer, NucliSens EasyQ HPV, OncoTect, and Quantivirus. Results. Analyzing by technique, Aptima, with 28 studies, exhibited superior performance, showing for the outcomes CIN2+ and CIN3+ an AUC of 0.88 (0.82-0.95) and 0.91 (0.84-0.99), a pooled sensitivity of 92.8% (95%CI 91.9-93.7) and 95.6% (95%CI 94.5-96.5), and a pooled specificity of 60.5% (95%CI 59.8-61.3) and 61.9% (95%CI 61.1-62.7), respectively. Conclusion. This study supports the current hypothesis that the mRNA HPV assay is an adequate tool for secondary cervical cancer screening.

scholarly journals Use of trolamine to prevent and treat acute radiation dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Gomes de Menêses ◽  
Paula Elaine Diniz dos Reis ◽  
Eliete Neves Silva Guerra ◽  
Graziela De Luca Canto ◽  
Elaine Barros Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Radiation Dermatitis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
The Cochrane Collaboration

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effects of trolamine in the prevention or treatment of radiation dermatitis. Method: systematic review and meta-analysis. Detailed individual search strategies for Cinahl, Cochrane Library Central, LILACS, PubMed, and Web of Science were developed in January 2016. A manual search was also performed to find additional references. A grey literature search was executed by using Google Scholar. Two researchers independently read the titles and abstracts from every cross-reference. The risk of bias of the included studies was analyzed by the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. The quality of evidence and grading of strength of recommendations was assessed using Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: seven controlled clinical trials were identified. The controls used were calendula, placebo, institutional preference / usual care, Aquaphor®, RadiaCare™, and Lipiderm™. The studies were pooled using frequency of events and risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals, in subgroups according to radiation dermatitis graduation. Conclusion: based on the studies included in this review, trolamine cannot be considered as a standardized product to prevent or treat radiation dermatitis in patients with breast and head and neck cancer.

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