scholarly journals Effect of spousal loss on depression in older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Hsin Chen ◽  
Meng-Chih Lee ◽  
Mei-Huey Shiau ◽  
Chih-Jung Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background: In addition to increasing the mortality among older adults, spousal death (SD) increases their risk of depression. This study explored the factors affecting depression among widowed older adults to provide health care strategies for successful aging. Methods: A total of 710 adults older than 60 years completed a questionnaire before and after their spouses’ deaths. The survey data included age, sex, ethnic group, education level, financial station socioeconomic status, SD (including time point), smoking status, alcohol consumption, self-rated health status, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score, mobility, and degree of support from relatives and friends. Results: The proportion of participants with depression after SD was 1.7 times that of before SD (P < 0.0001). Worsened mobility (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3, P < 0.01), low self-rated health status (OR = 0.5, P < 0.01), and a high degree of support from relatives and friends (OR = 1.5, P < 0.01) had a significant positive correlation with depression after SD. The proportion of depression that occurred within 6 months after SD was 6.0 times higher than that of depression before SD. Participants who lived alone after losing their spouses who were healthy before their deaths exhibited a significantly increased proportion of depression after their spouses’ deaths. Conclusion: Male sex, spouse’s health, and the period of 6 months after SD are risk factors for depression in older adults. The maintenance of mobility, positive self-rated health status, and a shorter period of depression after a spouse’s death result in more favorable adaptability among women. Social workers or family members should focus on older adults whose spouses died unexpectedly or within the last 6 months. Living with family members after SD can alleviate depression in older adults.

scholarly journals Effect of Spousal Loss on Depression in Older Adults: Impacts of Time Passing, Living Arrangement, and Spouse’s Health Status before Death

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13032
Author(s):  
Yu-Chan Hung ◽  
Yong-Hsin Chen ◽  
Meng-Chih Lee ◽  
Chih-Jung Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Self Rated Health

In addition to increasing the mortality among older adults, spousal death (SD) increases their risk of depression. This study explored the factors affecting depression among widowed older adults to provide health care strategies for successful aging. A total of 710 adults older than 60 years completed a questionnaire before and after their spouses’ deaths. The survey data included age, sex, ethnic group, education level, financial station socioeconomic status, SD (including time point), smoking status, alcohol consumption, self-rated health status, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score, mobility, and degree of support from relatives and friends. The proportion of participants with depression after SD was 1.7 times that of before SD (p < 0.0001). Worsened mobility (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3, p < 0.01), low self-rated health status (OR = 0.5, p < 0.01), and a high degree of support from relatives and friends (OR = 1.5, p < 0.01) had a significant positive correlation with depression after SD. The proportion of depression that occurred within 6 months after SD was 6.0 times higher than that of depression before SD. Participants who lived alone after losing their spouses who were healthy before their deaths exhibited a significantly increased proportion of depression after their spouses’ deaths. Male sex, spouse’s health, and the period of 6 months after SD are risk factors for depression in older adults. The maintenance of mobility, positive self-rated health status, and a shorter period of depression after a spouse’s death result in more favorable adaptability among women. Social workers or family members should focus on older adults whose spouses died unexpectedly or within the last 6 months. Living with family members after SD can alleviate depression in older adults.

Heterogeneity in Depression Symptoms and Health Status Among Older Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 879-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Mora ◽  
Teerah Beamon ◽  
LeAnn Preuitt ◽  
Marco DiBonaventura ◽  
Elaine A. Leventhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Class Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Best Fit

Objectives: We assessed whether distinct classes of depression symptoms could be identified. In addition, we determined how these classes differed in terms of health status. Methods: Data were analyzed with latent profile analysis. MANOVA tests were used to compare the health status of the various classes. Results: A four-class model had the best fit. Classes were labeled according to participants’ responses to the Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression Scale (CES-D) items and their overall score: low depression symptoms, high depression symptoms, subthreshold with anhedonia, and subthreshold with anhedonia and negative interpersonal feelings. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses showed that health status differed across classes. Conclusions: The results provide support for the idea that there is heterogeneity in the presentation of depression symptoms among older adults. These data showed that about a third of our sample of older adults reported increased levels of anhedonia and that negative interpersonal feelings were uncommon.

scholarly journals Patterns of Sedentary Behavior in a Community-Based Cohort of Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 790-790
Author(s):  
Dori Rosenberg ◽  
Rod Walker ◽  
Mikael Anne Greenwood-Hickman ◽  
KatieRose Richmire ◽  
John Bellettiere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Covariate Data ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Measurement Protocol ◽  
Sleep Logs ◽  
Hispanic White ◽  
Difficulty Walking

Abstract Few epidemiologic studies have examined device-measured sitting patterns by demographics and health status. The Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) study is an on-going epidemiologic study of adults age ≥65 years. We conducted a sub-study that added a thigh-worn activPAL device and sleep logs for 7 days to the measurement protocol. A total of 997 had valid wear time (≥4 days with 10-20 hours of data per day) and covariate data. activPAL sedentary pattern measures included number of sitting bouts lasting 30 minutes or more and mean sitting bout duration. On average, participants (56% female, 57% &gt; age 75, 89% non-Hispanic white) sat in bouts lasting 17 minutes (SD = 12) and had 5.9 (SD = 1.7) bouts of sitting lasting 30 minutes or more. Participants who were older, were male, had obesity, had worse self-rated health, had depression, and had difficulty walking had longer sitting bouts and more prolonged bouts.

THE POSSIBILITY OF LINKING SPONTANEOUS AND INDUCED NEUROCOGNITIVE PLASTICITY: CAN COGNITIVE TRAINING INFLUENCE COMPENSATORY BRAIN ACTIVITY IN OLDER ADULTS? THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL PREMISES

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-523
Author(s):  
Ludmiła Zając-Lamparska
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Theory Of Aging

One of the most important determinants of successful aging is cognitive ability. Although cognitive decline is a well-documented phenomenon characteristic of aging, it is acknowledged that aging can also be related to cognitive neuroplasticity that allows one to compensate the decline and adapt to it. Cognitive neuroplasticity may be spontaneous or induced by external influences. An example of the former is compensatory brain activity in older adults, and the latter – improvement in cognitive functioning under the influence of cognitive training. Both the compensatory brain activity of older adults and the effectiveness of cognitive training in this age group have already been extensively studied. However, it has not yet been examined whether they can be linked. The article indicates theoretical and empirical premises for the possibility of influencing compensatory brain activity in older adults by cognitive training. In the most comprehensive way the phenomenon of compensatory brain activity in older adults is addressed by the STAC model – the Scaffolding Theory of Aging and Cognition, which also provides the theoretical grounds for the possible impact of cognitive training on compensatory brain activity. There are also empirical arguments in favour of such an impact, but they are quite limited in nature. The reason for this is the lack of research directly addressing the problem of the consistency of brain activity changes resulting from cognitive training with the assumptions of compensatory brain activity models, such as STAC. The theoretical grounds for the linkage of compensatory brain activity in older adults with the influence of cognitive training are clear. However, the analysis of the studies discussed in the article suggests that failing to embed the study design within the theoretical framework of compensatory brain activity in older adults may lead to the exclusion of factors important in drawing conclusions about this phenomenon. The following elements of the study design were identified as necessary to include: participation of young adults in the study as a reference group, usage of tasks in different difficulty levels during the measurement of brain activity and consideration of the relation between brain activity and cognitive performance, and comparison of brain activity in relation to cognitive performance before and after training in both, older and young adults.

scholarly journals Relationship between Eating Alone and Poor Appetite Using the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Yurie Mikami ◽  
Keiko Motokawa ◽  
Maki Shirobe ◽  
Ayako Edahiro ◽  
Yuki Ohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Poor Appetite ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

One prominent factor associated with malnutrition is poor appetite. In Japan, the number of older adults living alone has increased annually. Those living alone tended to eat alone, which may lead to poor appetite. This study aimed to investigate the association between eating alone and poor appetite using an index called the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ). We surveyed 818 people aged 70 and over in Takashimadaira, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, in 2016. Comparisons were made between two groups, a poor appetite group (n = 295) and a good appetite group (n = 523), and results indicate that the poor appetite group had a higher rate of eating alone than the good appetite group (38.0% vs. 20. 1%: p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression (OR; 95%CI) was performed and poor appetite was significantly associated with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score (1.707; 1.200–2.427), the number of medications (1.061; 1.007–1.118), JST score (0.894; 0.841–0.950), the indication of “very healthy” on a self-rated health scale (0.343; 0.152–0.774), and reports of eating alone (1.751; 1.130–2.712). Our results suggest that eating alone is associated with a poor appetite.

scholarly journals The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) in a mixed-mode repeated measurements design: sex and age effects in older adults

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra W. Geerlings ◽  
Aartjan T.F. Beekman ◽  
Dorly J.H. Deeg ◽  
Willem Van Tilburg ◽  
Jan H. Smit
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Age Effects

scholarly journals Physical and Psychological Factors Associated with Poor Self-Reported Health Status in Older Adults with Falls

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyeon Kim ◽  
Mikyong Byun ◽  
Moonho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Self Reported Health Status ◽  
Poor Nutrition

Background: Previous studies have proposed various physical tests for screening fall risk in older adults. However, older adults may have physical or cognitive impairments that make testing difficult. This study describes the differences in individual, physical, and psychological factors between adults in good and poor self-rated health statuses. Further, we identified the physical or psychological factors associated with self-rated health by controlling for individual variables. Methods: Data from a total of 1577 adults aged 65 years or over with a history of falls were analyzed, using the 2017 National Survey of Older Persons in South Korea. Self-reported health status was dichotomized as good versus poor using the 5-point Likert question: “poor” (very poor and poor) and “good” (fair, good, and very good). Results: Visual/hearing impairments, ADL/IADL restriction, poor nutrition, and depression were more frequently observed in the group with poor self-rated health. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that poor self-reported health was significantly associated with hearing impairments (OR: 1.51, 95% CI 1.12–2.03), ADL limitation (OR: 1.77, 95% CI 1.11–2.81), IADL limitation (OR: 2.27, 95% CI 1.68–3.06), poor nutrition (OR: 1.36, 95% CI 1.05–1.77), and depression (OR 3.77, 95% CI 2.81–5.06). Conclusions: Auditory impairment, ADL/IADL limitations, poor nutrition, and depression were significantly associated with poor self-reported health. A self-rated health assessment could be an alternative tool for older adults who are not able to perform physical tests.

Assessing Longitudinal Invariance of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulubrhan F. Mogos ◽  
Jason W. Beckstead ◽  
Kevin E. Kip ◽  
Mary E. Evans ◽  
Roger A. Boothroyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Partial Invariance ◽  
Best Fitting

Background and Purpose: The longitudinal invariance of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale among middle-aged and older adults is unknown. This study examined the factorial invariance of the CES-D scale in a large cohort of community-based adults longitudinally. Methods: 1,204 participants completed the 20-item CES-D scale at 4 time points 1 year apart. Structural equation modeling was used to identify best fitting model using longitudinal data at baseline and at 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow-up. Results: The 4-factor model showed partial invariance over 3 years. Two of the 6 noninvariant items were consistently noninvariant at the 3 follow-up points. Conclusion: Special consideration should be given to these 2 items when using the CES-D scale in healthy adults (45–75 years old).

scholarly journals The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D): Is It Suitable for Use with Older Adults?

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Górkiewicz ◽  
Izabela Chmiel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Psychometric Instruments ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
The One ◽  
Proper Values

Abstract With the aim of verifying the suitability of the CES-D scale for use in long-term care institutions for older adults, the CES-D questionnaire was used to collect patient-reported assessments, and two well-known psychometric instruments – the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Barthel Index of Abilities of Daily Living – were used to collect nurse-reported assessments, based on observations of patients’ behaviours. With regard to possible frequent cases of cognitive impairment and/or insufficient motivation to give sensible responses to CES-D questions, the patient-reported responses were collected from patients during one-on-one sessions with a nurse. The reliability, concurrent validity, and the trustworthiness of the obtained data were supported with proper values of the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, 0.70 < alpha < 0.85, with significant correlation between CES-D and HADS-Depression, R = 0.50, p < 0.001, and with significant correlation between scores of particular CES-D items vs. final CES-D evaluations of depression, proved by significance p < 0.001 for 18 of 20 CES-D items. These findings supported the effectiveness of the one-on-one session methodology in questionnaire surveys for older adults. The postulation that cases of self-reported depression included somewhat different information about the patient than nurse-reported depression concerning the same patient was supported with the evidence that, in spite of the significant correlation between the Barthel Index and HADS-Depression, R = −0.17, p = 0.016, and in spite of the significant correlation between CES-D and HADS-Depression, the correlation between the Barthel Index and CES-D, equal to R = −0.08 was insignificant at p = 0.244. The findings of this study, considered jointly, support the valuableness of the CES-D scale for use in one-on-one surveys for older adults.

scholarly journals Back Pain and Heart Failure in Older Adults: Findings From the Health ABC Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 203-203
Author(s):  
Jie Chen ◽  
Yiming Zhang ◽  
Eleanor Simonsick ◽  
Angela Starkweather ◽  
Ming-Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Both back pain and heart failure (HF) have negative influence on all aspects of life. Little is known about the impact of back pain on older adults with HF. We include 1295 older adults who had data collected in the 11th year (2007-2008) of the Health, Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) study to evaluate the effect of back pain on health status among older adults with and without HF. The participants aged 79-91, 54.8% were female and 34.8% were African American. Among 94 participants with HF, 63 (67.0%) had back pain; among 1201 participants without HF, 649 (54.0%) had back pain. Females reporting back pain had 4.76 (95% CI: 1.83, 12.37) times the odds of having HF compared to those without back pain. Male with back pain, compared to those without back pain, had 1.14 times (95% CI: 0.65, 2.02) the odds of having HF. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. Performance and functions were measured by the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies in the Elderly (EPESE) performance score, the Health ABC performance battery score and self-reported difficulty with functional tasks. These symptom and performance measures were significantly associated with both back pain and HF, but not the interaction terms of back pain and HF after adjusting demographic variables including gender, race, smoking status and BMI category. The high incidence and negative impact of back pain highlighted the needs of developing strategies in pain management among older adults with and without HF.

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