scholarly journals Placement and Optimal Size of DG in the Distribution Network Based on Nodal Pricing Reduction with Nonlinear Load Model using the IABC Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Dashtdar ◽  
Mojtaba Najafi ◽  
Mostafa Esmaeilbeig
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Nonlinear Load ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Passive Network ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nodal Pricing

Abstract The growing use of distributed generation (DG) at the distribution level has led to a change in the status of distribution networks from a passive network to an active network such as transmission systems. Therefore, transmission network pricing methods such as nodal pricing could be used in the distribution network. DG connection to the distribution network affects bus nodal pricing. If the DG presence reduces losses and congestion in the distribution network, nodal pricing will also decrease. This paper presents a method for calculating the optimal size and place of DG in the distribution network based on nodal pricing. This planning is doing to maximize the profits of distribution companies that have used DG in their network to meet several advantages. The simulation was performing using the improved artificial bee colony algorithm (IABC). In the IABC algorithm, by exchanging the received information between bees according to Newton and gravity laws, it uses all this algorithm capacity to find the ideal answer by considering the constraints applied to the system. In most DG placement articles, network loads are assuming to constant. Because loads are often sensitive to voltage and frequency, constant load analysis leads to inaccurate results. Therefore, in this paper, the proposed method is implementing on a 38-bus radial distribution system with a model of real loads sensitive to the voltage and frequency of the system, including residential, commercial, and industrial loads.

Optimum Allocation of Distributed Generation Based on Nodal Pricing for Profit and Social Welfare Maximization

2013 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 364-370
Author(s):  
Bishnupriya Biswal ◽  
D. Sattianadan ◽  
M. Sudhakaran ◽  
Subhransu Sekhar Dash
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Welfare Maximization ◽  
Social Welfare Maximization ◽  
Network Losses ◽  
Nodal Pricing

This paper presents a method using nodal pricing for optimal allocating distribution generations (DG) for profit maximization, reduction of loss in distribution network along with social welfare maximization. Inclusion of distributed generation (DG) resources in power system changes the power flows and the magnitude of network losses at the distribution side. A detailed analysis has been simulated in MATLAB with 33 bus distribution system. The Genetic algorithm optimization is used in this work to find optimal location and size of DG in radial distribution system. Applying nodal pricing to a model distribution network, it shows significant price differences between buses reflecting high marginal losses and by finding optimal size of DG maximizes the profit of distribution companies that use DG in their networks for obtaining multiple benefits.

Multi-objective optimization of optimal capacitor allocation in radial distribution systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Mir Shah Danish ◽  
Mikaeel Ahmadi ◽  
Atsushi Yona ◽  
Tomonobu Senjyu ◽  
Narayanan Krishna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Multi Objective

AbstractThe optimal size and location of the compensator in the distribution system play a significant role in minimizing the energy loss and the cost of reactive power compensation. This article introduces an efficient heuristic-based approach to assign static shunt capacitors along radial distribution networks using multi-objective optimization method. A new objective function different from literature is adapted to enhance the overall system voltage stability index, minimize power loss, and to achieve maximum net yearly savings. However, the capacitor sizes are assumed as discrete known variables, which are to be placed on the buses such that it reduces the losses of the distribution system to a minimum. Load sensitive factor (LSF) has been used to predict the most effective buses as the best place for installing compensator devices. IEEE 34-bus and 118-bus test distribution systems are utilized to validate and demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method. The simulation results obtained are compared with previous methods reported in the literature and found to be encouraging.

scholarly journals Configurations of Aromatic Networks for Power Distribution System

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4317
Author(s):  
K. Prakash ◽  
F. R. Islam ◽  
K. A. Mamun ◽  
H. R. Pota
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency

A distribution network is one of the main parts of a power system that distributes power to customers. While there are various types of power distribution networks, a recently introduced novel structure of an aromatic network could begin a new era in the distribution levels of power systems and designs of microgrids or smart grids. In order to minimize blackout periods during natural disasters and provide sustainable energy, improve energy efficiency and maintain stability of a distribution network, it is essential to configure/reconfigure the network topology based on its geographical location and power demand, and also important to realize its self-healing function. In this paper, a strategy for reconfiguring aromatic networks based on structures of natural aromatic molecules is explained. Various network structures are designed, and simulations have been conducted to justify the performance of each configuration. It is found that an aromatic network does not need to be fixed in a specific configuration (i.e., a DDT structure), which provides flexibility in designing networks and demonstrates that the successful use of such structures will be a perfect solution for both distribution networks and microgrid systems in providing sustainable energy to the end users.

Swarm-Intelligence-Based Optimal Placement and Sizing of Distributed Generation in Distribution Network

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kumar ◽  
Perumal Nallagownden ◽  
Irraivan Elamvazuthi ◽  
Pandian Vasant ◽  
Luqman Hakim Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Placement

In the distribution system, distributed generation (DG) are getting more important because of the electricity demands, fossil fuel depletion and environment concerns. The placement and sizing of DGs have greatly impact on the voltage stability and losses in the distribution network. In this chapter, a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm has been proposed for optimal placement and sizing of DG to improve voltage stability index in the radial distribution system. The two i.e. active power and combination of active and reactive power types of DGs are proposed to realize the effect of DG integration. A specific analysis has been applied on IEEE 33 bus system radial distribution networks using MATLAB 2015a software.

scholarly journals Optimal DG Unit Placement and Sizing in Radial Distribution Network for Power Loss Minimization and Voltage Stability Enhancement

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-169
Author(s):  
Benalia M'hamdi ◽  
Madjid Teguar ◽  
Benaissa Tahar
Keyword(s):  
Power Factor ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Vector Method

The optimal allocation and size of decentralized generating units are essential to minimize power losses, while meeting the demand for active and reactive power in a distribution system. In other words, most of the total energy produced can be efficiently exploited by end users. In addition, if the DGs are of optimal size and location in the distribution system, the reliability, stability and efficiency of the power system are guaranteed. This paper focuses on reducing power losses and improving the voltage profile by accurately identifying the optimal location and sizing of Distributed Generation based on three indexes, namely the IVM Index Vector Method, the VDI Voltage Deviation Index and the VSI Voltage Stability Index. Two types of DGs were considered for the analysis: DGs operating with unit power factor and DGs operating with a lagging power factor. Three optimization algorithms are applied to determine the optimal sizes of decentralized generation units in a power distribution network which are GWO, WOA and PSO. The results obtained in this article show that the three algorithms give very similar values. DG at lagging power factor gives better results compared with those obtained with DGs at unity power factor. In terms of loss reduction and minimum bus voltage, the best results are obtained for the VSI index with a DG at a power factor of 0.9.

Optimal overcurrent relay coordination in distribution network based on Lightning Flash Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 1140-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Kheshti ◽  
Xiaoning Kang
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Lightning Flash ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lightning Strikes ◽  
Relay Coordination ◽  
Cloud To Ground Lightning ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Distribution network protection is a complicated problem and mal-operation of the protective relays due to false settings make the operation of the network unreliable. Besides, obtaining proper settings could be very complicated. This paper aims to discuss an innovative evolutionary Lightning Flash Algorithm (LFA) which is developed for solving the relay coordination problems in distribution networks. The proposed method is inspired from the movements of cloud to ground lightning strikes in a thunderstorm phenomenon. LFA is applied on three case study systems including ring, interconnected and radial distribution networks. The power flow analysis is performed in Digsilent Power Factory software; then the collected data are sent to MATLAB software for optimization process. The proposed algorithm provides optimum time multiplier setting and plug setting of all digital overcurrent relays in each system. The results are compared with other methods such as particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm. The result comparisons demonstrate that the proposed LFA can successfully obtain proper relay settings in distribution networks with faster speed of convergence and lower total operation time of relays. Also, it shows the superiority and effectiveness of this method against other algorithms. Design/methodology/approach A novel LFA is designed based on the movements of cloud to ground lightning strikes in a thunderstorm. This method is used to optimally adjust the time multiplier setting and plug setting of the relays in distribution system to provide a proper coordination scheme. Findings The proposed algorithm was tested on three case study systems, and the results were compared with other methods. The results confirmed that the proposed method could optimally adjust the relay settings in the electric distribution system to provide a proper protection scheme. Practical implications The practical implications can be conducted on distribution networks. The studies provided in this paper approve the practical application of the proposed method in providing proper relay protection in real power system. Originality/value This paper proposes a new evolutionary method derived from the movements of cloud to ground lightning strikes in thunderstorm. The proposed method can be used as an optimization toolbox to solve complex optimization problems in practical engineering systems.

scholarly journals Reactive Power Management Considering Stochastic Optimization under the Portuguese Reactive Power Policy Applied to DER in Distribution Networks

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abreu ◽  
Soares ◽  
Carvalho ◽  
Morais ◽  
Simão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
System Operator

Challenges in the coordination between the transmission system operator (TSO) and the distribution system operator (DSO) have risen continuously with the integration of distributed energy resources (DER). These technologies have the possibility to provide reactive power support for system operators. Considering the Portuguese reactive power policy as an example of the regulatory framework, this paper proposes a methodology for proactive reactive power management of the DSO using the renewable energy sources (RES) considering forecast uncertainty available in the distribution system. The proposed method applies a stochastic sequential alternative current (AC)-optimal power flow (SOPF) that returns trustworthy solutions for the DSO and optimizes the use of reactive power between the DSO and DER. The method is validated using a 37-bus distribution network considering real data. Results proved that the method improves the reactive power management by taking advantage of the full capabilities of the DER and by reducing the injection of reactive power by the TSO in the distribution network and, therefore, reducing losses.

Research on the Voltage Influence of Active Distribution Network with Distributed Generation Access

2014 ◽  
Vol 668-669 ◽  
pp. 749-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yi Zhou ◽  
Ling Yun Wang ◽  
Wen Yue Liang ◽  
Li Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Power Distribution Network ◽  
Active Distribution Network ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Active Distribution Networks

Distributed generation (DG) has an important influence on the voltage of active distribution networks. A unidirectional power distribution network will be transformed into a bidirectional, multiple power supply distribution network after DGs access to the distribution network and the direction of power flow is also changed. Considering the traditional forward and backward substitution algorithm can only deal with the equilibrium node and PQ nodes, so the other types of DGs should be transformed into PQ nodes, then its impact on active distribution network can be analyzed via the forward and backward substitution algorithm. In this paper, the characteristics of active distribution networks are analyzed firstly and a novel approach is proposed to convert PI nodes into PQ nodes. Finally, a novel forward and backward substitution algorithm is adopted to calculate the power flow of the active distribution network with DGs. Extensive validation of IEEE 18 and 33 nodes distribution system indicates that this method is feasible. Numerical results show that when DG is accessed to the appropriate location with proper capacity, it has a significant capability to support the voltages level of distribution system.

PENGEMBANGAN PELAYANAN SISTEM DISTRIBUSI AIR MINUM KOTA TEGAL

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
Yustika Kusumawardani ◽  
Wiharyanti Oktiawan ◽  
Ganjar Samudro
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Central Java

Kota Tegal merupakan salah satu daerah otonom di Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang memiliki jumlah penduduk 248.722 jiwa dengan jumlah kepala keluarga sebesar 61.513. Namun dari keseluruhan jumlah penduduk tersebut tercatat hanya 11.882 pelanggan atau sekitar 19,32% penduduk yang terlayani oleh PDAM Kota Tegal dan tingkat kebocoran air sebesar 44,21%. Tekanan air pada sistem distribusi eksisting sangat rendah karena menara air yang tersedia tidak dapat difungsikan.  Kapasitas sumber air baku yang saat ini dimiliki PDAM Kota Tegal adalah 190 lt/dtk. Pengembangan jaringan distribusi sistem penyediaan air minum untuk wilayah Kota Tegal direncanakan hingga tahun 2021 dengan menggunakan sumber air baku baru yang berasal dari PDAB Jawa Tengah yaitu penambahan sebesar 200 liter/detik. Kapasitas air tersebut digunakan untuk menambah wilayah pelayanan di kecamatan Tegal Selatan, Tegal Barat, Tegal Timur dan Margadana. Pengembangan jaringan distribusi baru dapat melayani  pelanggan sambungan rumah baru sebesar 16.071 SR dengan presentase rencana pengembangan hingga 79,80 % untuk seluruh wilayah Kota Tegal.  Tingkat pelayanan pada   Kecamatan Tegal Selatan, Tegal Timur, Tegal Barat dan untuk Kecamatan Margadana adalah 20,96% 16,92%, 19,19% dan 22,72% secara berturut-turut. Perencanaan jaringan distribusi baru tersebut menggunakan pola jaringan distribusi bercabang dan tidak terkoneksi dengan sistem jaringan distribusi lama dengan total anggaran biaya sebesar Rp 17.363.693.000,00. Tegal Region determined as one of the otonomical regions located in Central Java which has 248,722 populations with the number of head of household 61,513. From that total population was recorded only 11,882 custumers, or approximately 19.32% of the population served by PDAM Tegal with a leak rate it’s about 44.21%. Moreover the water pressure on the existing distribution system is very low because the water tower can not used. Capacity of raw water source that is currently owned by PDAM Tegal is 190 l/sec. Development of distribution networks for drinking water supply systems in Tegal region is planned until the year 2021 using the new raw water sources originating from PDAB in Central Java that is equal to 200 l/sec. Water capacity is used to increase the service area in the district of Tegal Selatan, Tegal Barat, Tegal Timur and Margadana. From that new development distribution network can fullfil customer connections for 16,071 household connections by the percentage of SR development plan up to 79.80% for the entire region Tegal. Which is the service level of each district are 20.96% for Tegal Selatan subdistrict, 16.92%, Tegal Timur subdistrict, 19.19% Tegal Barat subdistrict and 22.72% for Margadana subistrict. The new distribution network planning is designed using branch pattern of the distribution network and unconnected to the old system of distribution network results the total budget about Rp 17,363,693,000.00.

scholarly journals Smart Meter Traffic in a Real LV Distribution Network

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikoleta Andreadou ◽  
Evangelos Kotsakis ◽  
Marcelo Masera
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Advanced Metering Infrastructure ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Message Size ◽  
Real Distribution ◽  
Advanced Metering

The modernization of the distribution grid requires a huge amount of data to be transmitted and handled by the network. The deployment of Advanced Metering Infrastructure systems results in an increased traffic generated by smart meters. In this work, we examine the smart meter traffic that needs to be accommodated by a real distribution system. Parameters such as the message size and the message transmission frequency are examined and their effect on traffic is showed. Limitations of the system are presented, such as the buffer capacity needs and the maximum message size that can be communicated. For this scope, we have used the parameters of a real distribution network, based on a survey at which the European Distribution System Operators (DSOs) have participated. For the smart meter traffic, we have used two popular specifications, namely the G3-PLC–“G3 Power Line communication” and PRIME–acronym for “PoweRline Intelligent Metering Evolution”, to simulate the characteristics of a system that is widely used in practice. The results can be an insight for further development of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems that control and monitor the Low Voltage (LV) distribution grid. The paper presents an analysis towards identifying the needs of distribution networks with respect to telecommunication data as well as the main parameters that can affect the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) system performance. Identifying such parameters is consequently beneficial to designing more efficient ICT systems for Advanced Metering Infrastructure.

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