scholarly journals Mutually Risk Roles of Oral Cleanliness and Stroke-associated Pneumonia in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Yang ◽  
Huijuan Chen ◽  
Wanling Yang ◽  
Bin Deng ◽  
Jialing Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a major complication after stroke, oral microorganisms are important contributors to SAP. Here, we aimed to investigate whether the oral hygiene was associated with SAP and related risk factors of them in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study that recruited 331 patients with acute ischemic stroke from two medical centers. A series of assessments were performed to evaluate the neurological status and habits of oral hygiene. According to whether the oral hygiene was abnormal and SAP occurred, univariate analyses were performed in cohort 1 (normal / abnormal oral hygiene groups) and cohort 2 (SAP / non-SAP groups). Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to confirm risk factors of oral cleanliness and SAP in stroke patients. Results: A total of 12 and 8 independent variables were included in the model 1 and 2 analysis. After adjusting for confounders, multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that oral cleanliness was not only closely related to SAP (OR=2.219, P=0.026), dental caries (OR=1.292, P=0.005) and age (OR=1.030, P=0.006) in model 1, but also an independent risk factor for predicting SAP (OR=1.678, P=0.001) in model 2. Barthel index was a protective factor for oral cleanliness (OR=0.986, P=0.019) and SAP (OR=0.977, P=0.002) in ischemic stroke patients. Conclusions: Mutually primary risk roles of abnormal oral cleanliness and SAP exist in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Dental caries and aging are important risk factors for oral health disorders. Improving the activities of daily living would have protective effects on both oral hygiene and SAP prevention in stroke patients.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERUBAHAN KADAR HS-CRP DENGAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA STROKE ISKEMIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Betsi Sumanti ◽  
Hexanto Hexanto ◽  
Widiastuti Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Relationship Of

   ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ALTERED HS-CRP LEVELS AND  COGNITIVE FUNCTION OF ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTSABSTRACTIntroduction: The incidence of cognitive impairment in acute ischemic stroke patients is increasing. The mechanism of the inflammatory effect, such as  elevated hs-CRP level, a  non-specific inflammatory marker  sensitive to chronic inflammation due to hypoperfusion as well other vascular risk, is thought to have an effect on cognitive function.Aims: To determine the relationship of cognitive function changes in acute phase of ischemic stroke with hs-CRP level changes on day 3 and day 7 after onset.Methods: This was a cross sectional study of 31 first-timer ischemic stroke patients who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The level of hs-CRP was checked on the 3rd day and 7th day after onset, while MoCA-Ina was assessed on the 7th day after onset. Cognitive disturbance was considered if MoCA <26. Analyses was done using SPSS 2.0Results: The average onset of day 3 Hs-CRP concentration was 0.66 (0.12-16.67)mg/dl and the onset of day 7 was 5.455 (0.14-17.34)mg/dl. The mean change of hs-CRP level between 3 day and 7 day after onset was -0,16 (-3.32-4.95). There was a significant correlation between elevated hs-CRP levels on day 3 and day 7 after onset with cognitive function of acute ischemic stroke patients.Discussion: There was a significant correlation between elevated hs-CRP levels on day 3 and day 7 after onset with cognitive function of acute ischemic stroke patients.Keyword: Acute ischemic stroke, hs-CRP, MoCA-Ina scoresABSTRAKPendahuluan: Insidens penurunan fungsi kognitif pada pasien stroke iskemik akut semakin meningkat. Hal ini diduga dipengaruhi oleh mekanisme efek inflamasi, meliputi peningkatan kadar high sensitive-C reactive protein (hs-CRP), salah satu penanda inflamasi non-spesifik yang sangat sensitif pada inflamasi kronis, akibat hipoperfusi maupun karena risiko vaskuler lainnya.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan perubahan fungsi kognitif pasien stroke iskemik fase akut dengan perubahan kadar hs-CRP hari ke-3 dan hari ke-7 setelah awitan.Metode: Studi potong lintang terhadap penderita stroke iskemik pertama kali yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar hs-CRP hari ke-3 dan hari ke-7 setelah awitan dan MoCA-Ina pada hari ke-7 setelah awitan. Fungsi kognitif dinyatakan terganggu jika MoCA-Ina <26. Analisis data menggunakan program SPSS 22.0.Hasil: Didapatkan rerata kadar Hs-CRP hari ke-3 setelah awitan adalah 0,66 (0,12-16,67)mg/dl dan hari ke-7 setelah awitan adalah 5,455 (0,14-17,34)mg/dl. Dengan rerata perubahan kadar hs-CRP awitan hari ke-3 dan awitan hari ke-7 adalah -0,16 (-3,32-4,95). Didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara perubahan kadar hs-CRP hari ke-3 setelah awitan dan hari ke-7 setelah awitan dengan fungsi kognitif pasien stroke iskemik akut.Kesimpulan: Didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara peningkatan kadar hs-CRP pada hari ke-7 dan kadar hari ke-3 dengan fungsi kognitif pasien stroke iskemik akut.Kata kunci: hs-CRP, MoCA-Ina, stroke iskemik akut 

scholarly journals The Study of Clustering Effects of Behavior Risk Factors in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome in Southern China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Huiwu Han ◽  
Fan Zheng ◽  
Weiwei Dai ◽  
Hua Peng ◽  
Shi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Salty Taste ◽  
Clustering Effect

Objectives. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is now becoming a serious public health threat. Some behaviors risk factors were considered to be associated with MetS and interacted to adversely affect MetS. However, the clustering effects of behavior risk factors of MetS among Chinese population remain unclear. The aim of this study is to observe the behavior risk factors and their clustering effects of MetS in China. Methods. A cross-sectional study design was used. Subjects were recruited in the departments of Cardiology Clinic, Endocrine Clinic, and Health Management from March to December 2019. A demographic sheet was designed to collect the demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects. International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short was applied to evaluate the level of PA in this study. Other behavior risk factors were observed by the questionnaire. The stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the determinants of MetS. The multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the clustering effects of behavior risk factors in MetS. Results. There are a total of 532 eligible subjects (56.6% females; mean age was 48.4±15.3 years), and approximately 33.3% were diagnosed as MetS. The subjects with a smoking habit (heavy and long-time history) had a 1.833-fold higher risk for MetS than their counterparts (none and light smoking), and the subjects that preferred salty taste had a 1.626-fold higher risk for MetS than the comparison cohort. Smoking and alcohol drinking had the highest clustering effect on MetS among the behavior risk factors. Conclusions. The main finding of this study was that smoking and salty taste preference were the independent determinants of MetS. Smoking and alcohol consumption had the highest clustering effect on southern Chinese MetS.

scholarly journals Dengue in the campus community of an overseas American university: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
Hamish Mohammed ◽  
Mary H Hayden ◽  
Elise Lee ◽  
Luis M Santiago ◽  
Rosina C Krecek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Campus Community ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
American University

Introduction: After a large outbreak of dengue virus (DENV) serotype-3 in Saint Kitts and Nevis (SKN) in 2008, we performed a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of anti-DENV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in expatriate and local persons affiliated with an American veterinary school there. Methodology: This campus community comprised mostly expatriate students and faculty and Kittitian administrative staff. In 2009, a stratified random sample of students, faculty and staff was invited to complete an electronic survey to assess risk factors for DENV and provide blood for testing for anti-DENV IgG antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IgG-positive specimens were also tested by a 90% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT90) to determine immunoreactivity to DENV (1-4) serotypes and West Nile virus. Risk factors for anti-DENV IgG seropositivity were determined using simple and adjusted logistic regression. Results: Of the 118 participants, the overall prevalence of DENV IgG antibodies was 44.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 35.1-53.0%), ranging from 30.1% in students, 100.0% in staff and 57.9% in faculty (p < 0.001). Duration of residence in St. Kitts was the only variable significantly associated with seropositivity on multiple logistic regression (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI]: 1.21 [1.07-1.37]). The serotype of DENV was determined in 11 persons: DENV-1 (n = 4), DENV-2 (n = 3), and DENV-3 (n = 4). Conclusions: Expatriate students and faculty moving to St. Kitts from non-endemic areas were at high risk of DENV infection. There is a need for increased emphasis on pre-travel mosquito-borne virus prevention education for persons moving to St. Kitts to study and work.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Cognitive Status in Sub-Population of Sub-Acute Stage of Ischemic Stroke Patients in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herpan Syafii Harahap ◽  
Muhammad Akbar ◽  
Jumraini Tammasse ◽  
Andi Kurnia Bintang ◽  
Andi Alfian Zainuddin
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
P Value ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

Cognitive decline is a significant complication that affects most stroke survivors. Early detection of cognitive decline in ischemic stroke patients and identification of risk factors improves their clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of cognitive status in the sub-acute phase of ischemic stroke. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 89 sub-acute ischemic stroke patients in three hospitals in West Nusa Tenggara recruited consecutively from August 2019 to April 2020. The data collected were demographic and clinical characteristics, cognitive status, and functional outcome. The association between clinical and demographic characteristics and cognitive decline was analyzed using logistic regression. In addition, the relationship between cognitive status and functional outcomes of these patients was examined using the chi-square test. This study revealed that the prevalence of cognitive decline in these subjects was 71.9%. Multiple logistic regression showed that age was the only characteristic associated with cognitive decline in the subjects (OR = 5.12,95% CI = 1.08-24.28). Furthermore, the frequency of cognitive decline in these subjects was significantly associated with functional outcomes (p-value =0.014). Thus, there was a high prevalence of cognitive decline in sub-acute ischemic stroke patients associated with increasing age and poor functional outcomes.

scholarly journals Dental Caries Experience in 6-13 Years Old School Children of Dharan Sub-Metropolitan City, Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Bhawana Sigdel Bastola ◽  
Bandana Koirala ◽  
Mamta Dali ◽  
Sneha Shrestha ◽  
Dharanidhar Baral
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Introduction: Dental caries though preventable oral health problem is affecting school children worldwide and around 50% of Nepalese children are suffering from it. Baseline data with good understanding of dental caries and associated risk factors are necessary to form preventive strategies for setting and achieving oral health goals. Objective: This study was conducted to determine dental caries experience and associated risk factors among school-going children of 6-13 years old in Dharan sub-metropolitan city, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 5th Jan 2018 to 4th Jan 2019 among 680 school children selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Pretested, standardized, closed-ended questionnaire answered by the parents was used to gather information regarding the associated risk factors. Dental caries experience was obtained from deft/DMFT (WHO modification 1997). Comparison of categorical data was done using Chi-square test. Multivariable binary logistic regressions were used for the statistical analysis. Results: The overall caries prevalence was 61.6%, in primary dentition it was 48.25% and in permanent dentition it was 34.4%. Dental caries experience was with mean deft 4.67 (±2.7) in primary dentition and mean DMFT 1.72 (±1.05).in permanent dentition. Multivariate analysis showed significant association between dental caries experience and grade three and grade four school children had experienced greater caries (p<0.05, OR =2.7). Dental caries was associated with eating sweets at night (p<0.001, OR=2.5) and snacking in-between meals (p<0.001, OR=2.5). Conclusions: Dental caries among school-children in Dharan showed a significant burden especially within the primary dentition. It was significantly associated with factors like feeding habits -eating sweets in a day, eating sweets at night and snaking in between meals

scholarly journals Prevalence of Periodontal Disease among Obese Young Adult Population in Saudi Arabia—A Cross-Sectional Study

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Julie Toby Thomas ◽  
Toby Thomas ◽  
Masood Ahmed ◽  
Karthiga Kannan S ◽  
Zoha Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background and objectives: We aimed to assess the prevalence of periodontal disease among obese young adults in Saudi Arabia and to analyze the association between different body mass indexes and the severity of periodontal disease. Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study consisted of 307 obese patients aged 18–39 years, with body mass index (BMI) ≥30. Demographic variables for periodontal disease, anthropometric parameters such as BMI along with clinical parameters such as oral hygiene index-simplified, community periodontal index (CPI) score and loss of attachment (LOA), were assessed. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictors for chronic periodontitis in obese young adults between 18–40 years of age. Results: The majority of the participants (71.3%) had periodontal disease. Obese and extremely obese patients together showed a statistically significant difference in the age group of 21-30 years in terms of CPI score for inflammation (p < 0.05) and LOA (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed age (OR: 3.180; 95%CL: 1.337–7.561; p <.001), occasional dental visit (OR: 5.965; 95%CL: 3.130–11.368; p < 0.001), smoking >10 cigarettes (OR: 11.868; 95%CL: 3.588–39.254; p < 0.001) and poor oral hygiene status (OR: 17.250; 95%CL: 6.958–42.764; p < 0.001) were associated with a significantly higher risk of having periodontal disease. Conclusions: This study showed a high prevalence of periodontal disease in obese patients among the Saudi Arabian population.

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