scholarly journals The Burden of Stroke in The Municipality of Chongqing, China, From 1990 To 2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiya Yang ◽  
Sha Ran ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Zuocheng Wu ◽  
Dong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Western China ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study

Abstract Background: The burden of stroke varies substantially across regions in China. However, comprehensive comparisons between regions are lacking. This study aims to analyze variations in stroke burden in the municipality of Chongqing, Western China, from 1990-2016. Methods: Data on prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) by age, sex, location, and year were extracted from the 2016 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD 2016) of China between 1990-2016. The datasets were compared to examine the temporal trends in stroke burden in the last two decades.Results: In 2016, there were 670,438 cases of stroke, 41,022 deaths, and 847,437 DALYs due to stroke in Chongqing. Age-standardized mortality and DALY rates of IS and HS were higher in men whereas age-standardized prevalence rates of IS were higher in women. From 1990 to 2016, age-standardized prevalence rates of overall stroke increased by 33.29%, whereas mortality rates and DALYs decreased by 34.51% and 34.79%, respectively. YLLs were the main contributor to DALYs; however, the YLL/YLD ratio decreased over time. During the study period, the overall burden of stroke decreased, whereas the prevalence rate of IS increased in all age groups.Conclusions: Despite a decrease in mortality rates, the increase in the prevalence of stroke in Chongqing stresses the need to allocate more health resources. Special attention should be paid to discrepancies in the estimation of the type of stroke according to gender and age to determine mechanisms that explain the causes of stroke.

scholarly journals Burden of Multiple Sclerosis in Eastern Mediterranean Region (1990-2016): Findings From the 2016 Global Burden of Disease Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Sahraian ◽  
Pouria Heydarpour ◽  
Maziar Moradi-Lakeh ◽  
Sharareh Eskandarieh ◽  
Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

AbstractBackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is among the leading causes of disability in Young Adults worldwide. Current estimates of MS burden in Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) are necessary for planning effective interventions .To estimate Prevalence, incidence, mortality, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in EMR by country age, and sex from 1990 to 2016.MethodsWe estimated regional and country-specific prevalence, incidence, mortality, DALYs, YLLs, and YLDs for MS. DALYs were computed as the sum of YLDs and YLLs.ResultsTotal DALYs in EMR countries was 12,810 in 1990 for males and increased to 36,391 in 2016 and from 18,962 to 53,851 for females. Lowest DALYs in both sexes were observed in Somalia (248) while the highest were in Iran (26,394). YLDs in males increased from 6,511 in 1990 to 19,515 in 2016, and in females from 12,247 to 33,937. The highest age-standardized prevalence, incidence, YLDs and DALYs were in Iran (72.11, 2.49, 18.03, and 32.5, respectively).ConclusionsOur findings provide valuable information to guide the development and implementation of measures to address the rising burden of MS and it consequences in the EMR countries.

The prevalence and burden of mental and substance use disorders in Australia: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana G Ciobanu ◽  
Alize J Ferrari ◽  
Holly E Erskine ◽  
Damian F Santomauro ◽  
Fiona J Charlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

Objectives: Timely and accurate assessments of disease burden are essential for developing effective national health policies. We used the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 to examine burden due to mental and substance use disorders in Australia. Methods: For each of the 20 mental and substance use disorders included in Global Burden of Disease Study 2015, systematic reviews of epidemiological data were conducted, and data modelled using a Bayesian meta-regression tool to produce prevalence estimates by age, sex, geography and year. Prevalence for each disorder was then combined with a disorder-specific disability weight to give years lived with disability, as a measure of non-fatal burden. Fatal burden was measured as years of life lost due to premature mortality which were calculated by combining the number of deaths due to a disorder with the life expectancy remaining at the time of death. Disability-adjusted life years were calculated by summing years lived with disability and years of life lost to give a measure of total burden. Uncertainty was calculated around all burden estimates. Results: Mental and substance use disorders were the leading cause of non-fatal burden in Australia in 2015, explaining 24.3% of total years lived with disability, and were the second leading cause of total burden, accounting for 14.6% of total disability-adjusted life years. There was no significant change in the age-standardised disability-adjusted life year rates for mental and substance use disorders from 1990 to 2015. Conclusion: Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 found that mental and substance use disorders were leading contributors to disease burden in Australia. Despite several decades of national reform, the burden of mental and substance use disorders remained largely unchanged between 1990 and 2015. To reduce this burden, effective population-level preventions strategies are required in addition to effective interventions of sufficient duration and coverage.

scholarly journals The disvalue of death in the global burden of disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Tollef Solberg ◽  
Ole Frithjof Norheim ◽  
Mathias Barra
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

In the Global Burden of Disease study, disease burden is measured as disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The paramount assumption of the DALY is that it makes sense to aggregate years lived with disability (YLDs) and years of life lost (YLLs). However, this is not smooth sailing. Whereas morbidity (YLD) is something that happens to an individual, loss of life itself (YLL) occurs when that individual’s life has ended. YLLs quantify something that involves no experience and does not take place among living individuals. This casts doubt on whether the YLL is an individual burden at all. If not, then YLDs and YLLs are incommensurable. There are at least three responses to this problem, only one of which is tenable: a counterfactual account of harm. Taking this strategy necessitates a re-examination of how we count YLLs, particularly at the beginning of life.

scholarly journals Neurological diseases in Peru: a systematic analysis of the global burden disease study

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 282-289
Author(s):  
Carlos ALVA-DÍAZ ◽  
Andrely HUERTA-ROSARIO ◽  
Kevin PACHECO-BARRIOS ◽  
Roberto A. MOLINA ◽  
Alba NAVARRO-FLORES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Background: Disease burden indicators assess the impact of disease on a population. They integrate mortality and disability in a single indicator. This allows setting priorities for health services and focusing resources. Objective: To analyze the burden of neurological diseases in Peru from 1990-2015. Methods: A descriptive study that used the epidemiological data published by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation of Global Burden of Diseases from 1990 to 2015. Disease burden was measured using disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and their corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), which results from the addition of the years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD). Results: The burden of neurological diseases in Peru were 9.06 and 10.65%, in 1990 and 2015, respectively. In 2015, the main causes were migraine, cerebrovascular disease (CVD), neonatal encephalopathy (NE), and Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias (ADD). This last group and nervous system cancer (NSC) increased 157 and 183% of DALY compared to 1990, respectively. Young population (25 to 44 years old) and older (>85 years old) were the age groups with the highest DALY. The neurological diseases produced 11.06 and 10.02% of the national YLL (CVD as the leading cause) and YLD (migraine as the main cause), respectively. Conclusion: The burden of disease (BD) increased by 1.6% from 1990 to 2015. The main causes were migraine, CVD, and NE. ADD and NSC doubled the DALY in this period. These diseases represent a significant cause of disability attributable to the increase in the life expectancy of our population among other factors. Priority actions should be taken to prevent and treat these causes.

scholarly journals Burden of dengue in the State of Meta, Colombia (2010-2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolfo Vásquez-Trujillo ◽  
Doris Cardona-Arango ◽  
Angela María Segura-Cardona ◽  
Gabriel Jaime Parra-Henao
Keyword(s):  
Economic Burden ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The State ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Medical Care Costs ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Care Costs

Abstract: In Colombia, dengue is a disease of great impact due to its morbidity and mortality, however, studies on the effects of the economic burden at the local level are scarce. Therefore, our study sought to describe the economic burden of dengue epidemics between 2010 and 2016 in the State of Meta, Colombia. A longitudinal study was performed using information from the records of the epidemiological information system (Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia en Salud Pública - SIVIGILA), and the indicator of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) was determined as an estimator of the burden of dengue. To assess the economic impact, two assessment scenarios were considered (minimum range and maximum range), which allowed the estimate of the effects of the years of life lost (YLLs). Mortality cases presented heterogeneity in the age groups, mainly affecting groups under 15 years and over 65 years, with YLLs raging between 158.58 and 300.38. In total, 2010 showed the highest medical care costs of the study period, with USD 664,123 for women and USD 740,221 for men. In the epidemic years (2010, 2012-2015) between 91,072.3 and 184,175.1 DALYs were lost per million inhabitants, which generated social burden costs higher than the USD 669.6 million. In conclusion, dengue can be considered a disease of high cost at the local level, economically affecting the General Social Security System in Health and social welfare.

scholarly journals Loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in the city of Medellin, 2012 to 2015

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256758
Author(s):  
Sandra Milena Porras Cataño ◽  
Hugo Grisales-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Years Lived With Disability ◽  
National Road ◽  
The City ◽  
Proportional Distribution

Objective Determine the loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in the city of Medellin from 2012 to 2015. Methods Descriptive study with data on health care of injured motorcyclists and deaths adjusted with the Preston and Coale method, and OPS proportional distribution for the period 2012–2015. The years of life lost due to premature death (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were calculated according to the new methodology designed for that purpose. Results The loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in the four-year period was 80,046 DALYs (823.8 per 100,000 inhabitants), with a higher proportion in men (81.3% and a ratio of 5 to 1 compared to women); the YLDs was 66.6% with marked differences in favor of men. There was nearly a 38% difference in the ages of 15 to 19 as well as a 19% difference from 30 to 49, compared to women. Premature death (YLLs) contributed to 33.4% of DALYs, with significant presentation in the above-mentioned age groups. Conclusions The greatest loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in Medellin was due to non-fatal injuries and was concentrated in young men. If the trend of motorcycle road incidents continues, both local and national road safety plans will fail to accomplish the expected results, especially among motorcycle users.

scholarly journals Dementias in Brazil: increasing burden in the 2000–2016 period. Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 762-771
Author(s):  
Simone Cecília de Melo ◽  
Ana Paula Silva Champs ◽  
Rúbia Ferreira Goulart ◽  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Valéria Maria de Azeredo Passos
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Growth And Aging ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

ABSTRACT Introduction: Dementia is a globally relevant health problem, which places a great burden on patients and their families. This study aimed to estimate the burden associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias in Brazil. Methods: In this descriptive study, we investigated the estimates obtained by the Global Burden of Disease study. We described the prevalence of AD and other dementias, years lived with disability (YLDs), age-standardized mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) among individuals aged 60 years or older between 2000 and 2016, with their respective 95% uncertainty intervals (95%UI). Results: During this period, the age-standardized prevalence of AD and other dementias per 100,000 people increased by 7.8%, from 961.7 (95%UI 828.3–1,117.5) to 1,036.9 (95%UI 882.0–1,219.5), with approximately 1.5 million people living with dementia in Brazil. The incidence increased by 4.5%. Similarly, all age-standardized rates had an upward trend (mortality: 3.1%; YLLs: 5.8%; YLDs: 7.9%; and DALYs: 6.3%). Mortality profiles increased with age in both years. Dementias were ranked fourth among the leading causes of death in people aged ≥70 years in 2000, rising to second place in 2016. In 2016, it also represented the second and third leading causes of disability among older women and men, respectively. Conclusion: Population growth and aging have resulted in an increased burden of AD and other dementias in Brazil. Preventive and early diagnostic measures are essential to mitigate the burden associated with these diseases.

scholarly journals The global burden of falls: global, regional and national estimates of morbidity and mortality from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supp 1) ◽  
pp. i3-i11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer L James ◽  
Lydia R Lucchesi ◽  
Catherine Bisignano ◽  
Chris D Castle ◽  
Zachary V Dingels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study

BackgroundFalls can lead to severe health loss including death. Past research has shown that falls are an important cause of death and disability worldwide. The Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017) provides a comprehensive assessment of morbidity and mortality from falls.MethodsEstimates for mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were produced for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017 for all ages using the GBD 2017 framework. Distributions of the bodily injury (eg, hip fracture) were estimated using hospital records.ResultsGlobally, the age-standardised incidence of falls was 2238 (1990–2532) per 100 000 in 2017, representing a decline of 3.7% (7.4 to 0.3) from 1990 to 2017. Age-standardised prevalence was 5186 (4622–5849) per 100 000 in 2017, representing a decline of 6.5% (7.6 to 5.4) from 1990 to 2017. Age-standardised mortality rate was 9.2 (8.5–9.8) per 100 000 which equated to 695 771 (644 927–741 720) deaths in 2017. Globally, falls resulted in 16 688 088 (15 101 897–17 636 830) YLLs, 19 252 699 (13 725 429–26 140 433) YLDs and 35 940 787 (30 185 695–42 903 289) DALYs across all ages. The most common injury sustained by fall victims is fracture of patella, tibia or fibula, or ankle. Globally, age-specific YLD rates increased with age.ConclusionsThis study shows that the burden of falls is substantial. Investing in further research, fall prevention strategies and access to care is critical.

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