Gestational diabetes mellitus affects the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells in neonatal umbilical cord blood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijie Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Lingling Wei ◽  
Long Yan Yang ◽  
Dong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Erythroid Progenitors ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Abstract Background and Purpose There are abundant hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in cord blood. It was known that HSCs continue to differentiate into common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) and common myeloid progenitors (CMPs). Furthermore, the CMPs could differentiate into megakaryocyte erythroid progenitors (MEPs), and MEPs ultimately differentiated into platelets and erythrocytes. It had been reported that the proportion of HSCs in cord blood was higher than that in healthy pregnant women, so as the incidence of neonatal polycythemia in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients. We aimed to investigate the HSCs population and the change of their differentiation in the cord blood of neonates of GDM mothers. Methods In this study, we collected cord blood from GDM and healthy pregnant women at delivery. Totally 75 cases were included, in which 52 were for healthy control group and 23 were for GDM group. Then the number and differentiation status of HSCs in cord blood of the two groups were observed. HSC (CD45+ CD34+), CLP (CD45+ CD34+ CD7+) and CMP (CD45+ CD34+ CD33+) cells were identified and quantified by flow cytometry. Results Compared to healthy controls, HSC number in cord blood from GDM group were significantly increased (0.77±0.063% vs.1.28±0.176%，p=0.0113). The number of CMP cells which were differentiated from HSCs were higher than control (28.69±3.223% vs.46.43±4.927%, p=0.0033), while CLP cell number were lower (27.04±2.044% vs.21.11±2.406%, p=0.0475). Conclusion In conclusion, compared with non-diabetic pregnant women, there were more HSCs in the cord blood of the newborns of GDM patients, and the differentiation of HSCs to CMP cells was increased, while the differentiation to CLP cells was decreased. Those findings were probably caused by the high glucose microenvironment and insulin medication in pregnant women with GDM, and the HSCs differentiation changes might be influencing factors of the high incidence of neonatal erythrocytosis in GDM patients.

Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 895-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Safian ◽  
Farzaneh Esna-Ashari ◽  
Shiva Borzouei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Aims: Investigation thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Background: This article was written to evaluate the thyroid function and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti- TPO) antibodies in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Method: A total of 252 women with GDM and 252 healthy pregnant women were enrolled. Thyroid tests, including TSH, FreeT3, Free T4, and anti-TPO were performed for all women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Data analysis was then carried out using SPSS ver. 22. Result: There was a significant difference between the experimental group (38.4%) and the control group (14.06%) in terms of the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (p= 0.016). The frequency of anti-TPO was higher in the experimental group than the control group and positive anti-TPO was observed in 18.6% of women with GDM and 10.3% of healthy pregnant women (P= 0.008). Conclusion: Thyroid disorders are observed in pregnant women with GDM more frequently than healthy individuals and it may be thus reasonable to perform thyroid tests routinely.

scholarly journals Evaluation of epicardial fat tissue thickness and aortic stiffness in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Melike Nur Akın ◽  
Burcu Kasap ◽  
Fatih Akın ◽  
Burak Sezgin ◽  
İbrahim Altun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Epicardial Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Epicardial Fat Tissue

Objective We aimed to assess the relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease by measuring epicardial fat tissue thickness and aortic stiffness in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods 28 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus and 25 pregnant women without gestational diabetes mellitus were included in the research. Body mass index, laboratory values, blood pressure measurements and obstetric history findings of the study population were recorded. All participants of the study population were evaluated with transthoracic echocardiography between 24 and 28 weeks of gestational period. The measurement of epicardial fat tissue thickness was taken and aortic stiffness index was also calculated. Results The age, gravidity, parity and obstetric history of the two groups were similar. Epicardial fat tissue thickness was found significantly higher in gestational diabetes mellitus group than control group (0.416 cm and 0.336 cm, respectively; p<0.001). However, no significant difference was found in aortic stiffness measurements of the two groups (p=0.079). Conclusion According to the results of our study, epicardial fat tissue thickness was found to be statistically significantly higher in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus compared to the control group. The fact that no difference was detected in other cardiovascular parameters suggests that measurement of epicardial fat tissue thickness in gestational period may be a beneficial adjunctive tool in early detection of gestational diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Complications of the Early Neonatal Period in Children from Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-417
Author(s):  
Agamurad Orazmuradov ◽  
Irina Bekbaeva ◽  
Gayane Arakelyan ◽  
Anastasia Minaeva ◽  
Anastasiya Akhmatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Functional Immaturity ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Changes in the course of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at the present stage determine the emergence of a certain spectrum of completely new problems associated with the health status of newborns from mothers with GDM. The aim of the study was to investigate early neonatal complications in newborns from mothers with GDM. Methods and Results: The study included 404 pregnant women (gestational age of 37.0–41.0 weeks) with GDM. All patients with GDM were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 188 patients receiving insulin therapy; Group 2 included 216 patients receiving a well-balanced diet. The control group (Group 3) consisted of 68 pregnant women without disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. In Group 1, macrosomia occurred in 44(23.4%) newborns, in Group 2 - in 48(22.0%) newborns; in newborns from mothers of the control group, the frequency of macrosomia was only in 7.35% of newborns (P=0.01). Morpho-functional immaturity of newborns had the highest frequency of occurrence, despite the fact that all children were born on time; 80(42.6%) newborns from mothers of Group 1 and 77(35.6%) newborns from mothers of Group 2 had signs of morpho-functional immaturity. Conclusion: Diabetic fetopathy in newborns from mothers with GDM is manifested by morpho-functional immaturity of organs and systems developing in unfavorable hyperglycemic conditions.

scholarly journals Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy Increased Erythropoietin Level Affecting Differentiation Potency of Haematopoietic Stem Cell of Umbilical Cord Blood

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Razif Mohd Idris ◽  
Fazlina Nordin ◽  
Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy ◽  
S. Fadilah Abd Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Control Group

Background: The in utero environment has many factors that can support cell differentiation. Cytokines, chemokines and growth factors play big roles in haematopoietic mechanisms. Some diseases like gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) might affect the environment and haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) quality. The aim of this study is to investigate the adverse effects of GDM on umbilical cord blood (UCB) HSC in terms of differentiation potency including the UCB parameters used for banking and transplantation purposes.Methods: UCB-HSC was collected from 42 GDM and 38 normal pregnancies. UCB-HSC was isolated and further enriched using immuno-magnetic separation beads (MACS). The UCB-HSC were cultured in methylcellulose media to investigate the differentiation potency. The level of erythropoietin (EPO) and insulin in the UCB plasma was measured using enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) technique.Result: The UCB parameters; volume, total nucleated count (TNC) and total CD34+ cells were significantly reduced in the GDM group compared to the control group. The number of HSC progenitors' colonies were significantly reduced in the GDM group except for progenitor BFU-E, which was significantly increased (GDM = 94.19 ± 6.21, Control = 73.61 ± 2.73, p = 0.010). This data was associated with higher EPO level in GDM group. However, the insulin level in the GDM group was comparable to the Control group.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the changes in the in utero environment due to abnormalities during pregnancy such as GDM might affect the differentiation potency of UCB-HSC. These findings can be considered as an additional parameter for the inclusion and exclusion criteria for UCB banking, particularly for mothers with GDM.

scholarly journals Gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy increased erythropoietin level affecting differentiation potency of haematopoietic stem cell of umbilical cord blood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Razif Mohd Idris ◽  
Fazlina Nordin ◽  
Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy ◽  
S Fadilah Abd Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Control Group

Abstract Background The in utero environment has many factors that can support cell differentiation. Cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors play big roles in haematopoietic mechanisms. Some diseases like gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) might affect the environment and quality of haematopoietic stem cell (HSC). This study aims to investigate the adverse effects of GDM on umbilical cord blood (UCB) HSC regarding its differentiation potency, including the UCB parameters used for banking and transplantation purposes. Methods UCB-HSC was collected from 42 GDM and 38 normal pregnancies. UCB-HSC was isolated and further enriched using immuno-magnetic separation beads (MACS). The UCB-HSC were cultured in methylcellulose media to investigate the differentiation potency. The level of erythropoietin (EPO) and insulin in the UCB plasma was measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) technique. Results The UCB parameters, i.e., volume, total nucleated count (TNC), and total CD34+ cells, were significantly reduced in the GDM group compared to the control group. The number of HSC progenitor colonies was significantly reduced in the GDM group, except for progenitor BFU-E, which was significantly increased (GDM = 94.19 ± 6.21, Control = 73.61 ± 2.73, p = 0.010). This data was associated with a higher EPO level in the GDM group. However, the insulin level in the GDM group was comparable to the control group. Conclusion Our results suggest that the changes in the in utero environment due to abnormalities during pregnancy, such as GDM might affect the differentiation potency of UCB-HSC. These findings can be considered as an additional parameter for the inclusion and exclusion criteria for UCB banking, particularly for mothers with GDM.

scholarly journals Maternal and fetal outcomes of obese pregnant women: a prospective cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Jenniferbritto John ◽  
Mary Mahendran
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fetal Outcomes

Background: Obesity in Indian women had increased from 10.6% to 14.8% in India. Mothers who are overweight or obese during pregnancy and childbirth cause significant antenatal, intrapartum, postpartum and also neonatal complications. The present study aimed to explore various maternal and fetal outcomes influenced by maternal obesity. The objective was to find the effect of obesity on maternal and perinatal outcome among obese pregnant women compared to those of normal weight.Methods: The study was conducted in antenatal women attending antenatal outpatient department of CSI rainy multispecialty hospital located in North Chennai of South India. Consecutive sampling method was followed to include 50 cases and 50 controls. Analysis was done with IBM SPSS v.21.0. Chi square test was applied to find difference between proportions. For comparison of means independent t-test and ANOVA was applied. Pearson's correlation was done to find association between maternal BMI and birth weight.Results: Sixteen (32%) cases developed gestational diabetes mellitus during their antenatal period and 19 (38%) developed gestational hypertension. 10% underwent in emergency caesarean section and in 28% cases elective caesarean section was done. The proportion of cases who developed ante partum complications including gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension and preeclampsia were higher than in control groups (p value = 0.03,0.00,0.004 respectively). The need for induction of labour and caesarean section was found to be higher in cases than in controls (p = 0.014,0.03 respectively). Increased NICU admissions for stabilization of the newborn among cases was higher than control group (p = 0.012).Conclusions: It was clearly evident from the present study that maternal obesity had adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Maternal obesity was strongly associated with antenatal complications like gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and increase in need for induction of labour and operative interference.

scholarly journals Serum magnesium and copper levels in Bangladeshi women with gestational diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Farzana Akonjee Mishu ◽  
MA Muttalib
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College

Background and objectives: Alteration of magnesium (Mg) and copper (Cu) concentrations in blood has been observed in normal pregnancy as well as in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The present study was aimed to evaluate the serum Mg and Cu levels in Bangladeshi women with GDM in their second and third trimester of pregnancy.Methods: The study was conducted at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital from July 2013 to June 2014. Pregnant women, in their second and third trimester, attending the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Department of Endocrinology of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital were enrolled by purposive sampling technique. GDM was diagnosed on the basis of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as defined in WHO criteria 2013. Blood glucose was estimated by enzymatic GOD-PAP colorimetric method. The cut off value for fasting plasma glucose level was ?6.1 mmol/L or ?7.8 mmol/L 2 hours after glucose load. Serum Cu was estimated by 3, 5-DiBr-PAESA method and Mg by Xylidyl Blue-I Method as per manufacturer’s instruction.Results: A total of 172 pregnant women in their second and third trimester were enrolled. Out of 172 participants, 86 had GDM and 86 were normoglycemic (control). The mean age of GDM and control groups was 28.6±3.2 years and 27.3±3.1 years respectively. The BMI was 26.4±1.5 m/kg2 and 26.3±1.3 m/kg2. Serum Mg level was significantly low (p< 0.001) in 2nd and 3rd trimesters in GDM cases (1.39±0.26 mg/dl and 0.93±0.15 mg/dl) compared to control group (1.67±0.3 mg/dl and 1.67±0.31mg/dl). On the contrary, serum Cu levels in GDM cases were significantly (p<0.002) higher in both trimesters (224±333.8 ?g/dl and 243.91±6.89 ?g/dl) compared to those without GDM (220.1±7.6 ?g/dl and 234.9±4.6 ?g/dl). There was significant (p<0.001) increase of serum Cu levels in 3rd trimester compared to 2nd trimester in both GDM and non GDM cases.Conclusion: There was distinct alteration of serum Mg and Cu levels in GDM compared to normal pregnancy.IMC J Med Sci 2017; 11(1): 25-28

scholarly journals Lifestyle intervention to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse maternal outcomes among pregnant women at high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 030006052097913
Author(s):  
Xueyan Lin ◽  
Ting Yang ◽  
Xueqin Zhang ◽  
Wei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression

Objective We assessed the effects of a lifestyle intervention on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence and risk of adverse maternal outcomes among pregnant women at high risk for GDM. Methods From July to December 2018, we enrolled 1822 eligible pregnant women; of these, 304 had at least one risk factor for GDM. Participants were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group. Usual prenatal care was offered to both groups; the intervention group also received individually modified education on diet, physical activity, and weight control. The GDM diagnosis was based on an oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 gestational weeks. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the effects of the lifestyle intervention on risk of GDM and adverse maternal outcomes. Results A total of 281 women (139 in the intervention group and 142 controls) were included. Incidences of GDM and adverse maternal outcomes were all significantly lower in the intervention than in the control group. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that women in the intervention group had a lower risk of GDM and adverse maternal outcomes, after adjusting potential confounding factors. Conclusion The present lifestyle intervention was associated with lower risks of GDM and adverse maternal outcomes.

scholarly journals The associations of incretin hormone concentration with gestational diabetes mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Saprina ◽  
Ekaterina S. Timokhina ◽  
Olga K. Goncharevich ◽  
Svetlana V. Budeeva ◽  
Tatiana S. Prokhorenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Incretin Hormone ◽  
Metabolism Disorder

Background: Enteropancreatic hormonal system disorder is a possible reason for β-cell dysfunction and carbohydrate metabolism disorder among pregnant women. However, no information is available about the state of enteroinsulin hormones [glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide1 (GLP-1) and GLP-2] during pregnancy. The role of enteroinsulin hormones in the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorder during pregnancy is poorly understood. Aim: To quantify and compare incretin hormone secretion in groups of pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Materials and methods: The study included 80 patients, 50 of whom had GDM, and the control group consisted of 30 pregnant women without GDM. All patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test; glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) estimation; ferritin, transferrin, basal and postprandial glucagon estimation; GLP-1 and GLP-2 estimation. Results: Basal glucagon and GLP-1 levels were significantly higher (p 0. 05) in the group of women with GDM than in the control group. The most significant differences in GLP-1, basal and postprandial glucagon levels were observed during the first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: High GLP-1 levels in the group of women with GDM may reflect a state of ‘incretin resistance’, which is similar to hyperinsulinemia in the early stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus. 

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