scholarly journals Collagen-Coated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Sustainable Catalyst for Spirooxindole Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Ghanbari ◽  
Maryam Esmkhani ◽  
Shahrzad Javanshir
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Characterization Studies

Abstract In this work, a novel magnetic organic-inorganic hybrid catalyst was fabricated by encapsulating magnetite@silica (Fe3O4@SiO2) nanoparticles with Isinglass protein collagen (IGPC) using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking agent. Characterization studies of the prepared particles were accomplished by various analytical techniques specifically, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) analysis. The XRD results showed a crystalline and amorphous phase which contribute to magnetite and isinglass respectively. Moreover, the formation of the core/shell structure had been confirmed by TEM images. The synthesized Fe3O4@SiO2/ECH/IG was applied as bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of spirooxindole derivatives demonstrating excellent catalytic properties, stability and recyclability.

Sonochemistry: a good, fast and clean method to promote the removal of Cu(ii) and Cr(vi) by MWCNT/CoFe2O4@PEI nanocomposites: optimization study

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (19) ◽  
pp. 16307-16328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hassan Omidi ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi Azqhandi ◽  
Bahram Ghalami-Choobar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Branched Polyethylenimine ◽  
Magnetic Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, branched polyethylenimine (PEI) loaded on magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT/CoFe2O4) was synthesized and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

Effect of Au on the Performance of Porous Silicon/V2O5 Nanorods Heterojunctions to NO2 Gas

NANO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (07) ◽  
pp. 1650079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Yan ◽  
Ming Hu ◽  
Jiran Liang ◽  
Dengfeng Wang ◽  
Yulong Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Porous Silicon ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

A novel composite of Au-functionalized porous silicon (PS)/V2O5 nanorods (PS/V2O5:Au) was prepared to detect NO2 gas. PS/V2O5 nanorods were synthesized by a heating process of pure vanadium film on PS, and then the obtained PS/V2O5 nanorods were functionalized with dispersed Au nanoparticles. Various analytical techniques, such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), have been employed to investigate the properties of PS/V2O5:Au. Herein, the PS/V2O5:Au sample exhibited improved NO2-sensing performances in response, stability and selectivity at room temperature (25[Formula: see text]C), compared with the pure PS/V2O5 nanorods. These phenomena were closely related to not only the dispersed Au nanoparticles acting as a catalyst but also the p-n heterojunctions between PS and V2O5 nanorods. Whereas, more Au nanoparticles suppressed the improvement of response to NO2 gas.

scholarly journals A novel WC–W2C composite synthesis by arc plasma melt cast technique: microstructural and mechanical studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Nayak ◽  
T. Dash ◽  
D. Debasish ◽  
B. B. Palei ◽  
T. K. Rout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Cast Technique

AbstractWC–W2C composites of three different compositions have been synthesized from mixture of WC + W (0, 5 and 16 wt% W) by thermal arc plasma melt-cast technique. Various grown phases observed in the composites consisting of major phases of WC and W2C and minor phases of unbound C (graphite) and tungsten (W) were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, selected area electron diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared studies. Transmission electron microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy show polycrystalline nature of composites. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (of X-ray) infers the absence of any impurity in the composite. Almost porous free nature of composites were observed from X-ray micro computed tomography and BET analysis studies. WC–W2C composite (16 wt% W) shows 25% and 21% higher micro hardness (2535 VHN) and Young’s modulus (625 GPa) values than that of pure melt cast WC sample.

Phase Evolution During Ball Milling of Al In NH3 and Subsequent Annealing

1997 ◽  
Vol 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I Nikolov ◽  
J. S. Williams ◽  
D. J. Llewellyn ◽  
A. Calka
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Combustion Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
O Phase

ABSTRACTPhase evolution during ball milling of Al in both N2 and NH3 gas has been compared and the annealing behaviour studied in some detail. X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, combustion analysis and scanning and transmission electron microscopy have been used as analytical techniques. Results have shown that a nitride is not formed in N2 but that Al forms into many small, hollow spheres during milling. In contrast, milling in NH3 results in an amorphous AlxNy(O) phase which transforms into crystalline AIN and A12O3 on annealing to 1000°C.

scholarly journals Facile Synthesis of Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles from Cockle Shells

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kh. Nurul Islam ◽  
A. B. Z. Zuki ◽  
M. E. Ali ◽  
Mohd Zobir Bin Hussein ◽  
M. M. Noordin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir

A simple and low-cost method for the synthesis of calcium carbonate nanoparticles from cockle shells was described. Polymorphically, the synthesized nanoparticles were aragonites which are biocompatible and thus frequently used in the repair of fractured bone and development of advanced drug delivery systems, tissue scaffolds and anticarcinogenic drugs. The rod-shaped and pure aragonite particles of30±5 nm in diameter were reproducibly synthesized when micron-sized cockle shells powders were mechanically stirred for 90 min at room temperature in presence of a nontoxic and nonhazardous biomineralization catalyst, dodecyl dimethyl betaine (BS-12). The findings were verified using a combination of analytical techniques such as variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray analyser (EDX). The reproducibility and low cost of the method suggested that it could be used in industry for the large scale synthesis of aragonite nanoparticles from cockle shells, a low cost and easily available natural resource.

scholarly journals Photocatalysis of WO3Nanoplates Synthesized by Conventional-Hydrothermal and Microwave-Hydrothermal Methods and of Commercial WO3Nanorods

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarupat Sungpanich ◽  
Titipun Thongtem ◽  
Somchai Thongtem
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microwave Hydrothermal ◽  
Uv Light Irradiation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Hydrothermal Methods

The degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye by tungsten oxide (WO3) photocatalyst synthesized by the 200°C conventional-hydrothermal (C-H) and 270 W microwave-hydrothermal (M-H) methods and commercial WO3was studied under UV light irradiation for 360 min. The photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectrophotometry, and UV visible spectroscopy to determine phase, morphology, vibration mode, and optical property. The BET analysis revealed the specific surface area of 29.74, 37.25, and 33.56 m2/g for the C-H WO3nanoplates, M-H WO3nanoplates, and commercial WO3nanorods, respectively. In this research, the M-H WO3nanoplates have the highest photocatalytic efficiency of 90.07% within 360 min, comparing to the C-H WO3nanoplates and even commercial WO3nanorods.

Cosio2 Formation on Strained GexSi1−x Layers BY Co/GexSi1−x Thermal Reaction

1993 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Ridgway ◽  
R.R. Elliman ◽  
R. Pascual ◽  
J.J. Whitton ◽  
J.-M. Baribeau
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Thermal Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTThe formation of CoSi2 on Ge.17Si.83 layers by Co/Ge.17Si.83 thermal reaction nas been studied with a variety of analytical techniques. Co films deposited on strained Ge.17Si.83 layers were annealed at 600°C for 0–240 min. Following 240 rain annealing, the reacted surface layer was composed of CoSi, CoSi2 and GexSi1-x precipitates (the latter probably rich in Ge) as identified with transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and/or Raman spectroscopy. Lateral phase non-uniformity was evident with both transmission and scanning electron microscopy. For samples annealed with and without an evaporated Co film, enhanced relaxation of the underlying Ge.17Si.83 layer was apparent in the former.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

A High Resolution Study of G.P. Zones in Aluminum - 4.2 at % Silver

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 722-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gronsky
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resolution Study

The phenomenon of clustering in Al-Ag alloys has been extensively studied since the early work of Guinierl, wherein the pre-precipitation state was characterized as an assembly of spherical, ordered, silver-rich G.P. zones. Subsequent x-ray and TEM investigations yielded results in general agreement with this model. However, serious discrepancies were later revealed by the detailed x-ray diffraction - based computer simulations of Gragg and Cohen, i.e., the silver-rich clusters were instead octahedral in shape and fully disordered, atleast below 170°C. The object of the present investigation is to examine directly the structural characteristics of G.P. zones in Al-Ag by high resolution transmission electron microscopy.

Identification of calcium oxalate crystals in dried or fixed tobacco leaf

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Baliga ◽  
Mary Ellen Counts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Calcium is an important element in the growth and development of plants and one form of calcium is calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate has been found in leaf seed, stem material plant tissue culture, fungi and lichen using one or more of the following methods—polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction.Two methods are presented here for qualitatively estimating calcium oxalate in dried or fixed tobacco (Nicotiana) leaf from different stalk positions using PLM. SEM, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and powder x-ray diffraction were used to verify that the crystals observed in the dried leaf with PLM were calcium oxalate.

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