scholarly journals Visceral obesity on chronic constipation, inflammation, immune function and cognitive function in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yemin Wan ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Yunzhi Qian ◽  
Shuchen Chang ◽  
Haihua Qian
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: Obesity has gained attention among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The impact of visceral obesity on chronic constipation, inflammation, immune function and cognition after diagnosis of IBD is still unknown.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 140 IBD patients. Patients’ visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were measured by abdominal computerized tomography (CT) scans and were grouped according to visceral obesity. Baseline variables, chronic constipation status, inflammation status and immune function were compared. The implications of visceral obesity on cognitive function were evaluated using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).Results: The prevalence of visceral obesity was 51% (37 out of 72) for CD patients and 26% for UC patients (18 out of 68 patients). CD patients with visceral obesity has higher incidence of chronic constipation (81% vs. 57%, P = 0.028), higher IL-6 levels (15.28 pg/ml vs. 9.429 pg/ml, P = 0.0073) and lower CD4+ T cells (32.7% vs. 44.0%, P < 0.001). For UC patients, patients with visceral obesity have the tendency of higher IL-6 levels (7.2 vs. 6.0 pg/ml, P = 0.053). VAT/SAT ratio is associated with BMI (r = 0.652, P < 0.001).Conclusions: IBD patients had high risks of visceral obesity. CD Patients with visceral obesity had higher prevalence of chronic constipation, higher inflammation levels, decreased immune function.

scholarly journals Impact of Visceral Obesity on Chronic Obstipation, Inflammation, Immune Function and Cognitive Function Among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yemin Wan ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Yunzhi Qian ◽  
Shuchen Chang ◽  
Haihua Qian
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Obesity has gained attention among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The impact of visceral obesity on chronic obstipation, inflammation, immune function and cognition after diagnosis of IBD is still unknown.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 140 IBD patients. Patients’ visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were measured by abdominal computerized tomography (CT) scans and were grouped according to visceral obesity. Baseline variables, chronic obstipation status, inflammation status and immune function were compared. The implications of visceral obesity on cognitive function were evaluated using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).Results: The prevalence of visceral obesity was 51% (37 out of 72) for CD patients and 26% for UC patients (18 out of 68 patients). CD patients with visceral obesity has higher incidence of chronic obstipation (81% vs. 57%, P = 0.028), higher IL-6 levels (9.3 vs. 6.0 pg/ml, P = 0.045) and lower CD4+ T cells (32.7% vs. 44.0%, P = 0.034). For UC patients, patients with visceral obesity have the tendency of higher IL-6 levels (7.2 vs. 6.0 pg/ml, P = 0.053).Conclusion: IBD patients had high risks of visceral obesity. Patients with visceral obesity had higher prevalence of chronic obstipation, higher inflammation levels, decreased immune function.

scholarly journals P112 Impact of the SARS-COV2 pandemic on patients with inflammatory bowel disease - Preliminary results of a prospective, single-center study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S204-S205
Author(s):  
L Martins Figueiredo ◽  
F Correia ◽  
M A Rafael ◽  
L Lourenço ◽  
A M Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The real impact of COVID-19 infection on patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is unknown. It was speculated that this population could be a risk group. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of SARS-CoV2 infection, the impact of initiation/change of IBD therapy and its morbidity and mortality, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal. Methods Prospective cross-sectional study. Patients with IBD followed at a Gastroenterology Department in an area with a high incidence rate of SARS-CoV2 were included, from 01/03/2020 to 31/08/2020. Data was obtained through telephonic appointments, hospital inpatients admissions, Emergency Department Service and Day Hospital episodes. Results 335 patients were included, 194 female, with a mean age of 47.4 years (18–88). 200 had Crohn’s disease (CD), 132 Ulcerative Colitis, 3 unclassified colitis. 320 were on therapy (95.5%): salicylates n=230 (71.9%), systemic corticosteroids n=34 (10.6%) (18 started during the pandemic), thiopurines/methotrexate n=117 (36.6%) (8 started in this period), biological n=148 (46.3%) (14 started in this period). 7 patients (2.2%) triple immunosuppressed. 75 patients had disease in remission, 232 mild/moderate, 28 severe disease (requiring hospitalization). SARS-CoV2 infection was observed in 3 patients (incidence rate: 0.89%), treated as an outpatient basis. 2 male, mean age 58 years, 2 with CD. Comorbidities: 0: n = 1; 2: n = 1; 4: n = 1. 2 patients were on salicylates and one on adalimumab (monotherapy, before the pandemic). There were no deaths. Conclusion All patients started or maintained their IBD therapy according to current international guidelines. A significantly higher incidence of COVID-19 infection than that of the local and Portuguese population in general has not been documented. According to our preliminary results, the population with IBD does not appear to be a risk group for acquiring infection or having a severe course of the disease.

scholarly journals Exploitation of Marine-Derived Robust Biological Molecules to Manage Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Leonardo Vieira Nunes ◽  
Marco Thúlio Saviatto Duarte ◽  
Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira ◽  
Renato Nery Soriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Biological Entities ◽  
The Impact

Naturally occurring biological entities with extractable and tunable structural and functional characteristics, along with therapeutic attributes, are of supreme interest for strengthening the twenty-first-century biomedical settings. Irrespective of ongoing technological and clinical advancement, traditional medicinal practices to address and manage inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are inefficient and the effect of the administered therapeutic cues is limited. The reasonable immune response or invasion should also be circumvented for successful clinical translation of engineered cues as highly efficient and robust bioactive entities. In this context, research is underway worldwide, and researchers have redirected or regained their interests in valorizing the naturally occurring biological entities/resources, for example, algal biome so-called “treasure of untouched or underexploited sources”. Algal biome from the marine environment is an immense source of excellence that has also been demonstrated as a source of bioactive compounds with unique chemical, structural, and functional features. Moreover, the molecular modeling and synthesis of new drugs based on marine-derived therapeutic and biological cues can show greater efficacy and specificity for the therapeutics. Herein, an effort has been made to cover the existing literature gap on the exploitation of naturally occurring biological entities/resources to address and efficiently manage IBD. Following a brief background study, a focus was given to design characteristics, performance evaluation of engineered cues, and point-of-care IBD therapeutics of diverse bioactive compounds from the algal biome. Noteworthy potentialities of marine-derived biologically active compounds have also been spotlighted to underlying the impact role of bio-active elements with the related pathways. The current review is also focused on the applied standpoint and clinical translation of marine-derived bioactive compounds. Furthermore, a detailed overview of clinical applications and future perspectives are also given in this review.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus Reuteri DSM 17938 (Limosilactobacillus reuteri) in Diarrhea and Constipation: Two Sides of the Same Coin?

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Angela Saviano ◽  
Mattia Brigida ◽  
Alessio Migneco ◽  
Gayani Gunawardena ◽  
Christian Zanza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background and Objectives: Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (L. reuteri) is a probiotic that can colonize different human body sites, including primarily the gastrointestinal tract, but also the urinary tract, the skin, and breast milk. Literature data showed that the administration of L. reuteri can be beneficial to human health. The aim of this review was to summarize current knowledge on the role of L. reuteri in the management of gastrointestinal symptoms, abdominal pain, diarrhea and constipation, both in adults and children, which are frequent reasons for admission to the emergency department (ED), in order to promote the best selection of probiotic type in the treatment of these uncomfortable and common symptoms. Materials and Methods: We searched articles on PubMed® from January 2011 to January 2021. Results: Numerous clinical studies suggested that L. reuteri may be helpful in modulating gut microbiota, eliminating infections, and attenuating the gastrointestinal symptoms of enteric colitis, antibiotic-associated diarrhea (also related to the treatment of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection), irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic constipation. In both children and in adults, L. reuteri shortens the duration of acute infectious diarrhea and improves abdominal pain in patients with colitis or inflammatory bowel disease. It can ameliorate dyspepsia and symptoms of gastritis in patients with HP infection. Moreover, it improves gut motility and chronic constipation. Conclusion: Currently, probiotics are widely used to prevent and treat numerous gastrointestinal disorders. In our opinion, L. reuteri meets all the requirements to be considered a safe, well-tolerated, and efficacious probiotic that is able to contribute to the beneficial effects on gut-human health, preventing and treating many gastrointestinal symptoms, and speeding up the recovery and discharge of patients accessing the emergency department.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on the diagnosis, assessment and management of children with inflammatory bowel disease in the UK: implications for practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000786
Author(s):  
Abbie Maclean ◽  
James J Ashton ◽  
Vikki Garrick ◽  
R Mark Beattie ◽  
Richard Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Faecal Calprotectin ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Working Practices ◽  
The Impact

The assessment and management of patients with known, or suspected, paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) has been hugely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although current evidence of the impact of COVID-19 infection in children with PIBD has provided a degree of reassurance, there continues to be the potential for significant secondary harm caused by the changes to normal working practices and reorganisation of services.Disruption to the normal running of diagnostic and assessment procedures, such as endoscopy, has resulted in the potential for secondary harm to patients including delayed diagnosis and delay in treatment. Difficult management decisions have been made in order to minimise COVID-19 risk for this patient group while avoiding harm. Initiating and continuing immunosuppressive and biological therapies in the absence of normal surveillance and diagnostic procedures have posed many challenges.Despite this, changes to working practices, including virtual clinic appointments, home faecal calprotectin testing kits and continued intensive support from clinical nurse specialists and other members of the multidisciplinary team, have resulted in patients still receiving a high standard of care, with those who require face-to-face intervention being highlighted.These changes have the potential to revolutionise the way in which patients receive routine care in the future, with the inclusion of telemedicine increasingly attractive for stable patients. There is also the need to use lessons learnt from this pandemic to plan for a possible second wave, or future pandemics as well as implementing some permanent changes to normal working practices.In this review, we describe the diagnosis, management and direct impact of COVID-19 in paediatric patients with IBD. We summarise the guidance and describe the implemented changes, evolving evidence and the implications of this virus on paediatric patients with IBD and working practices.

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