scholarly journals Fluctuations in Waist Circumference Increase the Risk of Diabetes in 61,587 Older Adults: 4 Years’ Chort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linna Wu ◽  
Hongyan Liu ◽  
Zhuang Cui ◽  
Fang Hou ◽  
Xiaowen Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Diabetes Onset

Abstract Purpose:To evaluate the effect of fluctuations in waist circumference (WC), weight, body mass index (BMI) on diabetes incidence in older adults.Patients and methods:We examined a prospective cohort of 61,587 older adults (age, 60-96 years) who did not have diabetes at study initiation. Data on weight, BMI, and WC were collected and participants were followed-up until 31 December 2019 . The main endpoint was new-onset diabetes. A Cox regression model was used to estimate the risk of diabetes (hazard ratios [HRs] and confidence intervals [CI]) in these participants.Results:During a mean followed-up of 3.6 years, individuals being overweight (HR [95% CI] 1.87 [1.62-2.17]), obesity (1.41 [1.26-1.59]), abdominal obesity (1.42 [1.28-1.58]), and obesity plus abdominal obesity at baseline (1.93 [1.66-2.25]) had higher risk of diabetes onset. Compared with older adults who “remained normal WC”, who “remained abdominally obese” (HR=1.66), “became abdominally obese”(HR=1.58) and “achieved normal WC” (HR=1.36) were also significantly associated with diabetes onset,as well as increase in WC >3 cm or >5% compared with baseline level . Weight gain or loss >6 kg or weight gain >5%; increase or decrease in BMI >2 kg/m2 or an increase in BMI >10% were associated with a higher diabetes risk. Diabetes risk reduced by 19% in overweight older adults who exercised daily.Conclusion:For old adults, waist circumference, BMI and healthy weight maintenance reduce diabetes risk. The findings may provide evidence for developing guidelines of proper weight and waist circumference control for older adults.

scholarly journals Fluctuations in waist circumference increase diabetes risk: a 4-year cohort study in 61,587 older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linna Wu ◽  
Hongyan Liu ◽  
Zhuang Cui ◽  
Fang Hou ◽  
Xiaowen Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Diabetes Onset ◽  
Hazard Ratios

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the effect of fluctuations in waist circumference (WC), weight, and body mass index (BMI) on the incidence of diabetes in older adults. Patients and methods A prospective cohort of 61,587 older adults (age, 60–96 years) who did not have diabetes at study initiation was examined. Data on weight, BMI, and WC were collected, and participants were followed up until 31 December 2018. The main end point was new-onset diabetes. A Cox regression model was used to estimate the risk of diabetes (hazard ratios [HRs] and confidence intervals [CI]) in these participants. Results During a mean follow-up of 3.6 years, being overweight (HR [95% CI] 1.87 [1.62–2.17]), obesity (1.41 [1.26–1.59]), abdominal obesity (1.42 [1.28–1.58]), and obesity plus abdominal obesity at baseline (1.93 [1.66–2.25]) increased the risk of diabetes onset. Compared with older adults who “maintained normal WC”, those who “remained abdominally obese” (HR = 1.66), “became abdominally obese” (HR = 1.58), or “achieved normal WC” (HR = 1.36) were at a higher risk of diabetes onset, as well as those with an increase in WC > 3 cm or > 5% compared with the baseline level. Weight gain or loss > 6 kg or weight gain > 5%, increase or decrease in BMI > 2 kg/m2, or an increase in BMI > 10% were associated with a higher diabetes risk. The diabetes risk was reduced by 19% in overweight older adults who exercised daily. Conclusion For older adults, WC, BMI, and healthy weight maintenance reduce the diabetes risk. The findings may provide evidence for developing guidelines of proper weight and WC control for older adults.

scholarly journals Waist Circumference and All-Cause Mortality among Older Adults in Rural Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cahya Utamie Pujilestari ◽  
Lennarth Nyström ◽  
Margareta Norberg ◽  
Nawi Ng
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
World Health ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Waist circumference, a measure of abdominal obesity, is associated with all-cause mortality in general adult population. However, the link between abdominal obesity with all-cause mortality in the studies of older adults is unclear. This study aims to determine the association between waist circumference and all-cause mortality in older adults in Indonesia. The association between waist circumference and all-cause mortality was examined in 10,997 men and women aged 50 years and older, in the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Network of field sites for continuous Demographic Evaluation of Populations and their Health in developing countries (INDEPTH) collaboration Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) in Purworejo District Central Java, Indonesia during 2007–2010. Multivariate Cox regression analysis with restricted cubic splines was used to assess the non-linear association between waist circumference and all-cause mortality. During the 3-year follow-up, a total of 511 men and 470 women died. The hazard ratio plot shows a pattern of U-shape relationship between waist circumference and all-cause mortality among rich women, though the result was significant only for women in the lower end of waist circumference distribution (p < 0.05). Poor men with a low waist circumference (5th percentile) have a two times higher mortality risk (HR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.3, 3.3) relative to those with a waist circumference of 90 cm. Poor women with a low waist circumference (25th percentile) have a 1.4 times higher mortality risk (HR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.1, 1.8) relative to those with a waist circumference of 80 cm. This study shows a significant association between low waist circumference measure and mortality, particularly among poor men and women. Though the association between large waist circumference and mortality was not significant, we observed a trend of higher mortality risk particularly among rich women with large waist circumference measure. Public health intervention should include efforts to improve nutritional status among older people and promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours including healthy food and active lifestyle.

scholarly journals A high-fat, high-glycaemic index, low-fibre dietary pattern is prospectively associated with type 2 diabetes in a British birth cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 1632-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Pastorino ◽  
Marcus Richards ◽  
Mary Pierce ◽  
Gina L. Ambrosini
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
High Fat

AbstractThe combined association of dietary fat, glycaemic index (GI) and fibre with type 2 diabetes has rarely been investigated. The objective was to examine the relationship between a high-fat, high-GI, low-fibre dietary pattern across adult life and type 2 diabetes risk using reduced rank regression. Data were from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development. Repeated measures of dietary intake estimated using 5-d diet diaries were available at the age of 36, 43 and 53 years for 1180 study members. Associations between dietary pattern scores at each age, as well as longitudinal changes in dietary pattern z-scores, and type 2 diabetes incidence (n 106) from 53 to 60–64 years were analysed. The high-fat, high-GI, low-fibre dietary pattern was characterised by low intakes of fruit, vegetables, low-fat dairy products and whole-grain cereals, and high intakes of white bread, fried potatoes, processed meat and animal fats. There was an increasing trend in OR for type 2 diabetes with increasing quintile of dietary pattern z-scores at the age of 43 years among women but not among men. Women in the highest z-score quintile at the age of 43 years had an OR for type 2 diabetes of 5·45 (95 % CI 2·01, 14·79). Long-term increases in this dietary pattern, independently of BMI and waist circumference, were also detrimental among women: for each 1 sd unit increase in dietary pattern z-score between 36 and 53 years, the OR for type 2 diabetes was 1·67 (95 % CI 1·20, 2·43) independently of changes in BMI and waist circumference in the same periods. A high-fat, high-GI, low-fibre dietary pattern was associated with increased type 2 diabetes risk in middle-aged British women but not in men.

scholarly journals Impact of an education intervention using email for the prevention of weight gain among adult workers

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1620-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Constante Jaime ◽  
Daniel Henrique Bandoni ◽  
Flávio Sarno
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Intervention Mapping ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Intervention Mapping Protocol ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of a worksite intervention to prevent weight gain among adult workers.DesignA controlled community trial was performed by dividing the workers into two groups: intervention group (IG) and control group (CG). The theoretical framework applied was Intervention Mapping Protocol and the intervention was implemented through interactive software for weight self-monitoring. To evaluate the impact of the intervention, the differences in weight, BMI and waist circumference between the IG and CG were assessed before and 6 months after the intervention by regression models. Additionally, the sustainability of the intervention was evaluated at 12 months after the intervention.SettingsSão Paulo, Brazil.SubjectsFour companies; 281 workers for the analysis of effectiveness and 427 for the analysis of sustainability.ResultsThe intervention resulted in significant reductions in weight, BMI and waist circumference in the IG compared with the CG. The impact of the intervention on IG individuals’ body weight was −0·73 kg, while the weight of CG individuals increased. IG individuals with adequate initial weights did not show significant variations, while those who were overweight demonstrated a significant reduction in body weight. The intervention resulted in a reduction of 0·26 kg/m2 in BMI and 0·99 cm in waist circumference, and the sustainability analysis after 12 months showed a continued reduction in body weight (−0·72 kg).ConclusionsThe behavioural intervention was effective, resulting in weight maintenance among participants with adequate initial weight and in significant reductions among those who were overweight. More research on longer-term weight maintenance is needed.

Abstract P198: Cumulative Abdominal Obese-Years and Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Palta ◽  
Michelle Snyder ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
David Aguilar ◽  
Sunil K Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fat Deposits

Introduction: Arterial stiffness quantifies subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is predictive of athero-thrombotic events and mortality. Time-cumulative measures of obesity may more accurately estimate the lifetime burden of CVD due to obesity by accounting for both duration and intensity. Compared to generalized obesity, abdominal obesity is more consistently associated with vascular outcomes and, specifically, arterial stiffness. We examined whether 20-year cumulative abdominal obese-years is associated with greater arterial stiffness in older adults. Methods: We analyzed 5,177 participants from the ARIC cohort. Cumulative abdominal obesity was defined as the product of waist circumference units above the conventional cutpoints for obesity, 88 cm for women and 102 cm for men, and the years of exposure to that waist circumference. This accounts for obesity exposure over 20 years from the five ARIC visits. Arterial stiffness was measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) at the fifth ARIC visit. Measures of PWV obtained include: carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV), brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV), and segment-specific measures [heart-femoral (hfPWV) and femoral-ankle (faPWV)]. Multivariable linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, race, systolic blood pressure and smoking, was used to quantify the change in PWV (cm/s) per unit increase in cumulative abdominal obese-years. Subsidiary analyses examined visit five waist circumference. Hypertension and diabetes were explored as effect modifiers. Results: Among the 5,177 participants (mean age: 75, 43% male, 21% African-American), 66% had cumulative abdominal obese-years greater than zero (range: 1-1595), while 34% were not abdominally obese across any ARIC visit and thus had zero cumulative abdominal obese-years. Participants with higher cumulative abdominal obese-years were more often male, African-American and had a history of diabetes and hypertension. Cumulative abdominal obese-years were associated with lower baPWV (beta=-0.19, 95% CI: -0.23, -0.14), lower faPWV (beta=-0.12, 95% CI: -0.15, -0.09) and lower hfPWV (beta=-0.06, 95% CI: -0.10, -0.03). There was no significant association with cfPWV (beta=-0.03, 95% CI: -0.08, 0.01). The cross-sectional association between visit five abdominal circumference and PWV were similar in magnitude to cumulative abdominal obese-years. Hypertension and diabetes did not modify these associations. Conclusions: We observed an inverse association between cumulative exposure to abdominal fat and arterial stiffness in older adults. Survivor bias or the role of sarcopenia may explain these findings.The association of fat deposits with subclinical vascular disease in older adults deserves careful evaluation. Estimation of long-term exposure to abdominal obesity did not reveal associations with arterial stiffness beyond a cross-sectional assessment of abdominal obesity.

scholarly journals Association of sedentary behavior with overweight and abdominal obesity in older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Talita Inácio Martins Resende ◽  
Joilson Meneguci ◽  
Jeffer Eidi Sasaki ◽  
Álvaro da Silva Santos ◽  
Renata Damião
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Behavioral Variables

The aim of this study was to examine the association of sedentary behavior with overweight and abdominal obesity in older adults. This was a cross-sectional study with older men and women residing in the municipalities of the Regional Health Superintendency of Uberaba, Minas Gerais. Sedentary behavior was assessed according to the time spent sitting on a weekday and a weekend day. Body mass, height and waist circumference were measured. Excess weight was determined by means of body mass index, while abdominal obesity by waist circumference. Poisson regression analyzes with robust variance were used to examine the association of sedentary behavior with overweight and abdominal obesity. The total sample consisted of 3223 older people (61.3% women), with a mean age of 70 ± 7.26 years. There was no association between quartiles of sedentary behavior and overweight (2nd quartile: PR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.94–1.05; 3rd quartile: PR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.93–1.07; 4th quartile: PR = 1.07; 95%CI: 1.00–1.13) and abdominal obesity (2nd quartile: PR = 1.04; 95%CI: 1.00–1.08; 3rd quartile: PR = 1.03; 95%CI: 0.98–1.08; 4th quartile: PR = 0.98; 95%CI: 0.94–1.03) when analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic, health perception and behavioral variables. The sedentary behavior was not associated with overweight and abdominal obesity in the elderly.

scholarly journals Alterations in Biomarkers Related to Glycemia, Lipid Metabolism, and Inflammation up to 20 Years Before Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes in Adults: Findings From the AMORIS Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Herzog ◽  
Tomas Andersson ◽  
Valdemar Grill ◽  
Niklas Hammar ◽  
Håkan Malmström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Incident Type

Objective: Type 1 diabetes is described to have an acute onset, but autoantibodies can appear several years preceding diagnosis. This suggests a long preclinical phase, which may also include metabolic parameters. Here we assessed whether elevations in glycaemic, lipid, and other metabolic biomarkers were associated with future <a>type 1 diabetes</a> risk in adults. <p>Research Design and Methods: We studied 591,239 individuals from the Swedish AMORIS cohort followed from 1985-1996 to 2012. Through linkage to national patient, diabetes, and prescription registers, we identified incident type 1 diabetes. Using Cox regression models, we estimated hazard ratios for biomarkers at baseline and incident type 1 diabetes. We additionally assessed trajectories of biomarkers during the 25 years before type 1 diabetes diagnosis in a nested case-control design. </p> <p>Results: We identified 1,122 type 1 diabetes cases during follow-up (average age at diagnosis: 53.3 years). The biomarkers glucose, fructosamine, triglycerides, the apolipoprotein B/A-I ratio, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, and BMI were positively associated with type 1 diabetes risk. A higher apolipoprotein A-I was associated with a lower type 1 diabetes incidence. Already 15 years before diagnosis, type 1 diabetes cases had higher mean glucose, fructosamine, triglycerides, and uric acid levels compared to controls.</p> <p>Conclusion: Alterations in biomarker levels related to glycaemia, lipid metabolism, and inflammation are associated with clinically diagnosed type 1 diabetes risk, and these may be elevated many years preceding diagnosis. <br> </p>

scholarly journals Alterations in Biomarkers Related to Glycemia, Lipid Metabolism, and Inflammation up to 20 Years Before Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes in Adults: Findings From the AMORIS Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Herzog ◽  
Tomas Andersson ◽  
Valdemar Grill ◽  
Niklas Hammar ◽  
Håkan Malmström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Incident Type

Objective: Type 1 diabetes is described to have an acute onset, but autoantibodies can appear several years preceding diagnosis. This suggests a long preclinical phase, which may also include metabolic parameters. Here we assessed whether elevations in glycaemic, lipid, and other metabolic biomarkers were associated with future <a>type 1 diabetes</a> risk in adults. <p>Research Design and Methods: We studied 591,239 individuals from the Swedish AMORIS cohort followed from 1985-1996 to 2012. Through linkage to national patient, diabetes, and prescription registers, we identified incident type 1 diabetes. Using Cox regression models, we estimated hazard ratios for biomarkers at baseline and incident type 1 diabetes. We additionally assessed trajectories of biomarkers during the 25 years before type 1 diabetes diagnosis in a nested case-control design. </p> <p>Results: We identified 1,122 type 1 diabetes cases during follow-up (average age at diagnosis: 53.3 years). The biomarkers glucose, fructosamine, triglycerides, the apolipoprotein B/A-I ratio, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, and BMI were positively associated with type 1 diabetes risk. A higher apolipoprotein A-I was associated with a lower type 1 diabetes incidence. Already 15 years before diagnosis, type 1 diabetes cases had higher mean glucose, fructosamine, triglycerides, and uric acid levels compared to controls.</p> <p>Conclusion: Alterations in biomarker levels related to glycaemia, lipid metabolism, and inflammation are associated with clinically diagnosed type 1 diabetes risk, and these may be elevated many years preceding diagnosis. <br> </p>

scholarly journals 196Association of longitudinal lifestyle patterns with diabetes risk among sedentary and not-sedentary workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Kuwahara ◽  
Tohru Nakagawa ◽  
Shuichiro Yamamoto ◽  
Toru Honda ◽  
Takeshi Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Lifestyle Patterns

Abstract Background Evidence from observational studies is limited regarding longitudinal patterns of lifestyles and diabetes onset. In occupational settings, physical activity at work is an important factor to consider when implementing health promotion. Methods This is a cohort study among 25,646 workers without diabetes in Japan. We calculated lifestyle scores using 5 low-risk lifestyle factors: no-smoking, avoiding heavy alcohol use, engaging exercise, avoiding sleep deprivation, and keeping healthy weight, yielding the total score of 0 to 5 each year. We identified lifestyle patterns over 3 years by group-based trajectory modelling. Diabetes was defined by blood glucose, HbA1c, or self-report. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for incident diabetes were calculated using Cox regression. Results We detected five lifestyle patterns from a whole sample. During a mean follow-up of 6.6 years, 2,223 developed diabetes. Overall, healthier lifestyles were associated with a lower diabetes risk. Among sedentary workers, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.00 (reference) for persistently unhealthy pattern, 0.70 (0.60, 0.80) for persistently moderately healthy pattern, 0.45 (0.38, 0.53) for persistently mostly healthy pattern, 0.38 (0.28, 0.52) for improved to completely healthy pattern, and 0.24 (0.17, 0.32) for persistently completely healthy pattern. Similar results were obtained among not-sedentary workers. Conclusions Healthier lifestyles were associated with a lower risk of developing diabetes among participants who were sedentary at work and those who were not sedentary at work, respectively. Key messages Adherence to healthy lifestyles is important to prevent diabetes for working adults regardless of occupational physical activity level.

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