Abstract P198: Cumulative Abdominal Obese-Years and Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Introduction: Arterial stiffness quantifies subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is predictive of athero-thrombotic events and mortality. Time-cumulative measures of obesity may more accurately estimate the lifetime burden of CVD due to obesity by accounting for both duration and intensity. Compared to generalized obesity, abdominal obesity is more consistently associated with vascular outcomes and, specifically, arterial stiffness. We examined whether 20-year cumulative abdominal obese-years is associated with greater arterial stiffness in older adults. Methods: We analyzed 5,177 participants from the ARIC cohort. Cumulative abdominal obesity was defined as the product of waist circumference units above the conventional cutpoints for obesity, 88 cm for women and 102 cm for men, and the years of exposure to that waist circumference. This accounts for obesity exposure over 20 years from the five ARIC visits. Arterial stiffness was measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) at the fifth ARIC visit. Measures of PWV obtained include: carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV), brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV), and segment-specific measures [heart-femoral (hfPWV) and femoral-ankle (faPWV)]. Multivariable linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, race, systolic blood pressure and smoking, was used to quantify the change in PWV (cm/s) per unit increase in cumulative abdominal obese-years. Subsidiary analyses examined visit five waist circumference. Hypertension and diabetes were explored as effect modifiers. Results: Among the 5,177 participants (mean age: 75, 43% male, 21% African-American), 66% had cumulative abdominal obese-years greater than zero (range: 1-1595), while 34% were not abdominally obese across any ARIC visit and thus had zero cumulative abdominal obese-years. Participants with higher cumulative abdominal obese-years were more often male, African-American and had a history of diabetes and hypertension. Cumulative abdominal obese-years were associated with lower baPWV (beta=-0.19, 95% CI: -0.23, -0.14), lower faPWV (beta=-0.12, 95% CI: -0.15, -0.09) and lower hfPWV (beta=-0.06, 95% CI: -0.10, -0.03). There was no significant association with cfPWV (beta=-0.03, 95% CI: -0.08, 0.01). The cross-sectional association between visit five abdominal circumference and PWV were similar in magnitude to cumulative abdominal obese-years. Hypertension and diabetes did not modify these associations. Conclusions: We observed an inverse association between cumulative exposure to abdominal fat and arterial stiffness in older adults. Survivor bias or the role of sarcopenia may explain these findings.The association of fat deposits with subclinical vascular disease in older adults deserves careful evaluation. Estimation of long-term exposure to abdominal obesity did not reveal associations with arterial stiffness beyond a cross-sectional assessment of abdominal obesity.

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Abstract P130: Association Between PFOA, PFOS and Obesity Among Children in a Nationally Representative Sample

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.68.suppl_1.p130 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sarah D Geiger ◽

Ping Yao ◽

Elizabeth Rogers ◽

Michael Vaughn ◽

Zhengmin Qian

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Representative Sample ◽

Mexican American ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Consumer Products ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Annual Household Income ◽

Cross Sectional

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are two types of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) commonly used in the manufacturing process of many consumer products. Both have been detected in the blood of the majority of Americans. PFASs have been shown to be associated with intermediate cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes such as hypertension, hyperuricemia and dyslipidemia, but their relationship with obesity, a risk factor for intermediate and advanced CVD, remains largely unexplored. In this context, we examined the associations between PFOA and PFOS levels, and Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in a representative sample (N = 5,180) of US children. Our cross-sectional sample included participants aged 12-19 years from CDC’s National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000, 2003-2012. PFOA and PFOS were measured in ng/mL and modeled as quartiles of exposure, where quartile 1 is the referent group across models. Overweight/obesity was defined as age-, sex-specific BMI ≥85 th percentile; abdominal obesity was defined as age-, sex-specific waist circumference ≥90 th percentile. A multivariable model adjusting for age (years), sex (male, female), race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Mexican American, other), and annual household income category (<$25,000, $25,500-$54,999, $55,000 and over), revealed an inverse association between PFOS and overweight/obesity. Odds ratios (ORs) for overweight/obesity were 0.81 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.14-0.58) for exposure quartile 2, 0.28 (0.11-0.58) for quartile 3, and 0.26 (0.15-1.05) for quartile 4 (p-trend=0.001). Results were similar for abdominal obesity where, for example, children in quartile 2 of PFOS exposure experienced a multivariable-adjusted OR of 0.42 (0.25-0.72; p-trend=0.023). PFOA was not found to be significantly associated with either outcome. Results are paradoxical in that PFASs may be protective against a risk factor for conditions with which PFASs are positively associated. Because we could not identify any temporal relationships between exposure and outcomes in this cross-sectional study, more studies with improved study design (such as a cohort study) are warranted to confirm the association.

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Association of sedentary behavior with overweight and abdominal obesity in older adults

Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde ◽

10.12820/rbafs.24e0074 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Talita Inácio Martins Resende ◽

Joilson Meneguci ◽

Jeffer Eidi Sasaki ◽

Álvaro da Silva Santos ◽

Renata Damião

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Body Mass ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

The Elderly ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Behavioral Variables

The aim of this study was to examine the association of sedentary behavior with overweight and abdominal obesity in older adults. This was a cross-sectional study with older men and women residing in the municipalities of the Regional Health Superintendency of Uberaba, Minas Gerais. Sedentary behavior was assessed according to the time spent sitting on a weekday and a weekend day. Body mass, height and waist circumference were measured. Excess weight was determined by means of body mass index, while abdominal obesity by waist circumference. Poisson regression analyzes with robust variance were used to examine the association of sedentary behavior with overweight and abdominal obesity. The total sample consisted of 3223 older people (61.3% women), with a mean age of 70 ± 7.26 years. There was no association between quartiles of sedentary behavior and overweight (2nd quartile: PR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.94–1.05; 3rd quartile: PR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.93–1.07; 4th quartile: PR = 1.07; 95%CI: 1.00–1.13) and abdominal obesity (2nd quartile: PR = 1.04; 95%CI: 1.00–1.08; 3rd quartile: PR = 1.03; 95%CI: 0.98–1.08; 4th quartile: PR = 0.98; 95%CI: 0.94–1.03) when analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic, health perception and behavioral variables. The sedentary behavior was not associated with overweight and abdominal obesity in the elderly.

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Vitamin D and Hospital Admission in Older Adults: A Prospective Association

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020616 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 616

Author(s):

Avril Beirne ◽

Kevin McCarroll ◽

James Bernard Walsh ◽

Miriam Casey ◽

Eamon Laird ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Hospital Admission ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prospective Association ◽

Randomised Controlled

The health effects of vitamin D are well documented, with increasing evidence of its roles beyond bone. There is, however, little evidence of the effects of vitamin D on hospitalisation among older adults. This study aimed to prospectively determine the relationship of vitamin D status in older adults with hospital admission and emergency department (ED) attendance. Trinity University of Ulster Department of Agriculture (TUDA) is a large cross-sectional study of older adults with a community population from three disease-defined cohorts (cognitive dysfunction, hypertension, and osteoporosis). Participants included in this analysis were recruited between 2008 and 2012. ED and hospital admission data were gathered from the date of TUDA participation until June 2013, with a mean follow up of 3.6 years. Of the 3093 participants, 1577 (50.9%) attended the ED during the period of follow-up. Attendees had lower mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations than non-attendees (59.1 vs. 70.6 nmol/L). Fully adjusted models showed an inverse association between vitamin D and ED attendance (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.996; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.995–0.998; p < 0.001). A total of 1269 participants (41%) were admitted to hospital during the follow-up. Those admitted had lower mean vitamin D concentrations (58.4 vs. 69.3 nmol/L, p < 0.001). In fully adjusted models, higher vitamin D was inversely associated with hospital admission (HR 0.996; 95% CI 0.994–0.998; p < 0.001) and length of stay (LOS) (β = −0.95, p = 0.006). This study showed independent prospective associations between vitamin D deficiency and increased hospitalisation by older adults. The need for further evaluation of current recommendations in relation to vitamin D supplementation, with consideration beyond bone health, is warranted and should focus on randomised controlled trials.

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Factors Associated with Abdominal Obesity in the Productive Age in Surabaya

Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi ◽

10.20473/jbe.v3i12015.45-56 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Fani Kusteviani

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Female Gender ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Regression Result ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Sugary Drinks ◽

Fat Deposits

Obesity has become a public health and nutrition issues the world both developed countries and developing countries, including Indonesia. Abdominal obesity is one type of obesity where there is abdominal fat deposits as measured by waist circumference. Abdominal obesity is more at risk of health problems such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and cardiovascular disease than general obesity. Behavioral and environmental factors as well as genetic plays a role in the onset of abdominal obesity. The purpose of the study was to analyze factors associated with abdominal obesity in the productive age (15–64 years) in Surabaya. The independent variables used were age, sex, marital status, family size, education, occupation, smoking, physical activity, consumption of vegetables and or fruit, food or sugary drinks, fatty foods and mental health. This research was analytical study use cross sectional design. The study used secondary data from Basic Health Research Surabaya 2007 amounted to 2191 respondents by simple random sampling. Data were analyzed with Chi-square test and logistic regression. Result of analysis showed that risk factors of abdominal obesity were age 35–64 years, female gender and married or divorced status, level of education ≤ SMA and consume fatty food regularly. The most influential risk factors are female. Increasing knowledge, physical activity, and reducing fat intake can prevent the risk of abdominal obesity.Keyword: abdominal obesity, productive age, lifestyle, female

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Predictors of Physical Activity Levels in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Multivariate Approach Based on a Socio-Ecological Framework

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2016-0286 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 114-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Koren L. Fisher ◽

Elizabeth L. Harrison ◽

Brenda G. Bruner ◽

Joshua A. Lawson ◽

Bruce A. Reeder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

The Elderly ◽

Home Care Services ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Nursing Home Care ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Cross Sectional

The purpose of this study was to explore cross-sectional relationships between self-reported physical activity (PA) and personal, social, and environmental factors in community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older. Accounting for clustering by neighborhood, generalized estimating equations were used to examine associations between selected correlates and the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) score while adjusting for confounders. Data for 601 participants were analyzed: 79% female, 37% married, mean age 76.8 (± 8.7) years, mean PASE score 112.6 (± 64.8). Age, living in seniors’ housing, using nursing/home care services, receiving encouragement to be active, and having benches available in the neighborhood were inversely associated with PASE. Self-efficacy, SF-12 score, PA barriers, social support, and the presence of trails showed positive associations. Several personal, social, and environmental factors associated with PA were identified. The inverse association between PA and living in seniors’ housing units should be considered when developing PA programs for older adults.

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CZĘSTOŚĆ WYSTĘPOWANIA ORAZ CZYNNIKI SKORELOWANE Z BÓLEM MIESIĄCZKOWYM U ZDROWYCH STUDENTEK

Pomeranian Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.21164/pomjlifesci.39 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Iwona Teul ◽

Katarzyna Kliś ◽

Krzysztof Jarzębak ◽

Iwona Wronka

Keyword(s):

Waist Circumference ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Age At Menarche ◽

Menstrual Disorders ◽

Menstrual Pain ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Anonymous Questionnaire ◽

Younger Age ◽

Correct Weight

Introduction: Menstrual disorders generally affect the daily activities of females, and menstrual pain is a common gynaecological complaint in westernized societies. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of, and the factors related to, menstrual pain in young, healthy women.Material and methods: Data from 600 university students were obtained during the cross sectional survey. Students were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire. Information on the women’s socioeconomic status, age at menarche, and menstrual cycle characteristics: i.e. the length and regularity of cycles, the duration of menstrual flow, and the occurrence of menstrual pain, headache and back pain during the cycles were asked about. Each person’s height, weight and waist circumference were measured, and the following indices: BMI, WHR, and WHtR were calculated.Results: 29.8% of the surveyed students reported the occurrence of moderate pain during menstruation, and 21.7% reported the occurrence of severe menstrual pain. Significant differences were observed in the prevalence of menstrual pain with relation to age at menarche and the amount and distribution of adipose tissue. Menstrual pain was more prevalent among women who experienced menarche at a younger age. Among overweight and obese students, as well as among students with abdominal obesity, menstrual pain was more frequent than among those with correct weight and correct waist circumference. Moreover, psychological stress was associated with menstrual pain.Conclusion: The results of this study show that a significant percentage of young women complain of menstrual pain. Menstrual pain is associated with early age at menarche, obesity and abdominal obesity.

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Fluctuations in waist circumference increase diabetes risk: a 4-year cohort study in 61,587 older adults

Nutrition & Metabolism ◽

10.1186/s12986-021-00627-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Linna Wu ◽

Hongyan Liu ◽

Zhuang Cui ◽

Fang Hou ◽

Xiaowen Gong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Weight Maintenance ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Healthy Weight ◽

Diabetes Onset ◽

Hazard Ratios

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the effect of fluctuations in waist circumference (WC), weight, and body mass index (BMI) on the incidence of diabetes in older adults. Patients and methods A prospective cohort of 61,587 older adults (age, 60–96 years) who did not have diabetes at study initiation was examined. Data on weight, BMI, and WC were collected, and participants were followed up until 31 December 2018. The main end point was new-onset diabetes. A Cox regression model was used to estimate the risk of diabetes (hazard ratios [HRs] and confidence intervals [CI]) in these participants. Results During a mean follow-up of 3.6 years, being overweight (HR [95% CI] 1.87 [1.62–2.17]), obesity (1.41 [1.26–1.59]), abdominal obesity (1.42 [1.28–1.58]), and obesity plus abdominal obesity at baseline (1.93 [1.66–2.25]) increased the risk of diabetes onset. Compared with older adults who “maintained normal WC”, those who “remained abdominally obese” (HR = 1.66), “became abdominally obese” (HR = 1.58), or “achieved normal WC” (HR = 1.36) were at a higher risk of diabetes onset, as well as those with an increase in WC > 3 cm or > 5% compared with the baseline level. Weight gain or loss > 6 kg or weight gain > 5%, increase or decrease in BMI > 2 kg/m2, or an increase in BMI > 10% were associated with a higher diabetes risk. The diabetes risk was reduced by 19% in overweight older adults who exercised daily. Conclusion For older adults, WC, BMI, and healthy weight maintenance reduce the diabetes risk. The findings may provide evidence for developing guidelines of proper weight and WC control for older adults.

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Fluctuations in Waist Circumference Increase the Risk of Diabetes in 61,587 Older Adults: 4 Years’ Chort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-582224/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Linna Wu ◽

Hongyan Liu ◽

Zhuang Cui ◽

Fang Hou ◽

Xiaowen Gong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Weight Maintenance ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Diabetes Incidence ◽

Healthy Weight ◽

Diabetes Onset

Abstract Purpose:To evaluate the effect of fluctuations in waist circumference (WC), weight, body mass index (BMI) on diabetes incidence in older adults.Patients and methods:We examined a prospective cohort of 61,587 older adults (age, 60-96 years) who did not have diabetes at study initiation. Data on weight, BMI, and WC were collected and participants were followed-up until 31 December 2019 . The main endpoint was new-onset diabetes. A Cox regression model was used to estimate the risk of diabetes (hazard ratios [HRs] and confidence intervals [CI]) in these participants.Results:During a mean followed-up of 3.6 years, individuals being overweight (HR [95% CI] 1.87 [1.62-2.17]), obesity (1.41 [1.26-1.59]), abdominal obesity (1.42 [1.28-1.58]), and obesity plus abdominal obesity at baseline (1.93 [1.66-2.25]) had higher risk of diabetes onset. Compared with older adults who “remained normal WC”, who “remained abdominally obese” (HR=1.66), “became abdominally obese”(HR=1.58) and “achieved normal WC” (HR=1.36) were also significantly associated with diabetes onset,as well as increase in WC >3 cm or >5% compared with baseline level . Weight gain or loss >6 kg or weight gain >5%; increase or decrease in BMI >2 kg/m2 or an increase in BMI >10% were associated with a higher diabetes risk. Diabetes risk reduced by 19% in overweight older adults who exercised daily.Conclusion:For old adults, waist circumference, BMI and healthy weight maintenance reduce diabetes risk. The findings may provide evidence for developing guidelines of proper weight and waist circumference control for older adults.

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Isotemporal substitution of inactive time with physical activity and time in bed: cross-sectional associations with cardiometabolic health in the PREDIMED-Plus study

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s12966-019-0892-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aina M. Galmes-Panades ◽

Veronica Varela-Mato ◽

Jadwiga Konieczna ◽

Julia Wärnberg ◽

Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Composition ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Time In Bed

Abstract Background This study explored the association between inactive time and measures of adiposity, clinical parameters, obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome components. It further examined the impact of reallocating inactive time to time in bed, light physical activity (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on cardio-metabolic risk factors, including measures of adiposity and body composition, biochemical parameters and blood pressure in older adults. Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 2189 Caucasian men and women (age 55–75 years, BMI 27–40 Kg/m2) from the PREDIMED-Plus study (http://www.predimedplus.com/). All participants had ≥3 components of the metabolic syndrome. Inactive time, physical activity and time in bed were objectively determined using triaxial accelerometers GENEActiv during 7 days (ActivInsights Ltd., Kimbolton, United Kingdom). Multiple adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used. Isotemporal substitution regression modelling was performed to assess the relationship of replacing the amount of time spent in one activity for another, on each outcome, including measures of adiposity and body composition, biochemical parameters and blood pressure in older adults. Results Inactive time was associated with indicators of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Reallocating 30 min per day of inactive time to 30 min per day of time in bed was associated with lower BMI, waist circumference and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (all p-values < 0.05). Reallocating 30 min per day of inactive time with 30 min per day of LPA or MVPA was associated with lower BMI, waist circumference, total fat, visceral adipose tissue, HbA1c, glucose, triglycerides, and higher body muscle mass and HDL cholesterol (all p-values < 0.05). Conclusions Inactive time was associated with a poor cardio-metabolic profile. Isotemporal substitution of inactive time with MVPA and LPA or time in bed could have beneficial impact on cardio-metabolic health. Trial registration The trial was registered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial (ISRCTN: http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870) with number 89898870 and registration date of 24 July 2014, retrospectively registered.

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The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its association with body fat distribution in middle-aged individuals from Indonesia and the Netherlands: a cross-sectional analysis of two population-based studies

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome ◽

10.1186/s13098-019-0503-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Fathimah S. Sigit ◽

Dicky L. Tahapary ◽

Stella Trompet ◽

Erliyani Sartono ◽

Ko Willems van Dijk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Dutch Population ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

Men And Women ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract Background The prevalence of metabolic syndrome varies among populations with different ethnicities. Asian populations develop metabolic complications at lower amounts of adiposity than western populations. The role of abdominal obesity in the metabolic differences between the two populations is poorly understood. Objectives Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the relative contribution of its components in the Indonesian and the Dutch population, as well as to examine the associations of overall and abdominal obesity with metabolic syndrome. Methods In this cross-sectional study of middle-aged adults in the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity Study (n = 6602) and the Indonesian National Health Surveillance (n = 10,575), metabolic syndrome was defined by the unified IDF and AHA/NHLBI criteria. We performed logistic and linear regressions to examine associations of BMI and waist circumference with the metabolic syndrome, mutually adjusted for waist circumference and BMI. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 28% and 46% in Indonesian men and women, and 36% and 24% in Dutch men and women. The most prominent components were hypertension (61%) and hyperglycemia (51%) in the Indonesian, and hypertension (62%) and abdominal obesity (40%) in the Dutch population. Per SD in BMI and waist circumference, odds ratios (ORs, 95% CI) of metabolic syndrome were 1.5 (1.3–1.8) and 2.3 (1.9–2.7) in Indonesian men and 1.7 (1.2–2.5) and 2.9 (2.1–4.1) in Dutch men. The ORs of metabolic syndrome were 1.4 (1.2–1.6) and 2.3 (2.0–2.7) in Indonesian women and 1.0 (0.8–1.3) and 4.2 (3.2–5.4) in Dutch women. Conclusion More Indonesian women than men have metabolic syndrome, whereas the opposite is true for the Dutch population. In both the Indonesian and the Dutch populations, hypertension is the primary contributor to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. In both populations, abdominal adiposity was more strongly associated with metabolic syndrome than overall adiposity.

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