scholarly journals Microbial Structure and Diversity in Rhizosphere Soil under Different Forest Types in the Subtropical Zone of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liuting Zhou ◽  
Jianjuan Li ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Xinlai Guo ◽  
Wei Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Subtropical Zone ◽  
Soil Microbial

Abstract The aim of this study was to explore the soil microbial variability within different forest ecosystems (evergreen broad-leaf forest (EBF), coniferous forest (CF), subalpine dwarf forest (SDF) and alpine meadow (AM) at different altitudes in mid-subtropics of China. The phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) method was used to analyze the microbial communities in rhizosphere soil under different forest types. The relationships were also analyzed between the microbial diversity and soil nutrients. A total of 27 PLFA biomarkers were detected and the PLFA concentrations decreased in the sequence of bacteria > fungus > actinomycete > protozoa in all forest types. The microbial communities in the soil under all forest types were distinct. The predominant microflora in all soils were 18:1ω9c, 16:1ω7c, cy19:0, a17:0 and 18:0. The indexes of Simpson, Shannon-Wiener and Brillouin of soil microbial community diversity in these four forest types all showed a trend of EBF > CF > SDF > AM. According to principal component analyses (PCA), the variable variances of principal components 1 and 2, which were related to the PLFA biomarkers of soil microorganisms, were 67.67% and 17.91%, respectively. Furthermore, the total PLFAs of different soil microbial groups showed a correlation with soil nutrients and enzyme activities in all forest types. The soil microbial diversity gradually decreased in the order of EBF > CF > SDF > AM in the Daiyun Mountains. Different vegetation types affect soil microbial community composition and diversity by changing the soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity.

scholarly journals The Responses of Soil Microbial to Changed Rainfall and Increased Temperature in Desert Grassland in Northern China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Ying-Zhong Xie ◽  
Hong-Bin Ma ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Le Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Desert Grassland ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial

Abstract Background: The study evaluates how rainfall change and temperature increase affect microbial communities in the desert grassland of Ningxia Autonomous Region, China to explore the soil microbial community and the relationships among the soil microbial community, chemical properties, soil respiration (SR) and plant biomass under the climate change. We established the field experiment with five levels of rainfall by rainout shelters and two levels of temperature by Open-Top Chamber (OTC). Results: The effect of temperature to soil microbial communities is not significant, but with the continuous increase of rainfall, the microbial community gradually increases. Soil microbial diversity negatively correlated with soil CO2 flux. The α-diversity of microbial communities positively correlated with above-living biomass (ALB) and soil temperature (ST), but negatively correlated with root biomass (RB). Conclusions: Both rainfall and temperature’s rising do not promote the soil community α-diversity, but it can promote soil microbial community β-diversity. Soil microbial communities show resistance to rainfall changing. Soil respiration (SR) will limit soil microbial diversity. Soil organic carbon (SOC), soil total nitrogen (STN), and soil total phosphorus (STP) will promote soil microbial abundance and diversity. ALB and ST will promote the soil α-diversity, but the effect of RB to soil microbial is opposite. These findings maybe provide a reliable theoretical basis for formulating a reasonable response strategy in desert steppe ecosystems.

scholarly journals STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MIKROBA TANAH DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN SISTEM PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN

el–Hayah ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prihastuti Prihastuti
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Wide Range

<p>Soils are made up of organic and an organic material. The organic soil component contains all the living creatures in the soil and the dead ones in various stages of decomposition.  Biological activity in soil helps to recycle nutrients, decompose organic matter making nutrient available for plant uptake, stabilize humus, and form soil particles.<br />The extent of the diversity of microbial in soil is seen to be critical to the maintenance of soil health and quality, as a wide range of microbial is involved in important soil functions.  That ecologically managed soils have a greater quantity and diversity of soil microbial. The two main drivers of soil microbial community structure, i.e., plant type and soil type, are thought to exert their function in a complex manner. The fact that in some situations the soil and in others the plant type is the key factor determining soil microbial diversity is related to their complexity of the microbial interactions in soil, including interactions between microbial and soil and microbial and plants. <br />The basic premise of organic soil stewardship is that all plant nutrients are present in the soil by maintaining a biologically active soil environment. The diversity of microbial communities has on ecological function and resilience to disturbances in soil ecosystems. Relationships are often observed between the extent of microbial diversity in soil, soil and plant quality and ecosystem sustainability. Agricultural management can be directed toward maximizing the quality of the soil microbial community in terms of disease suppression, if it is possible to shift soil microbial communities.</p><p>Keywords: structure, microbial, implication, sustainable agriculture<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Insight into the Characteristics of Soil Microbial Diversity during the Ecological Restoration of Mines: A Case Study in Dabaoshan Mining Area, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11684
Author(s):  
Li Fan ◽  
Weiping Zhao ◽  
Wendan Feng ◽  
Ping Mo ◽  
Yunlin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Soil Restoration ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial

Soil microorganisms play an important role in regulating a variety of ecological functions. In recent years, the research on ecological restoration after mining has made people more aware of the importance of microbial diversity to ecosystem restoration. The present study investigated the effect of ecological restoration on microbial community structure and its relationship with soil physicochemical properties in the Dabaoshan mining area, China. High throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze and compare the microbial community composition of three types of soil (undamaged area, unrestoration area, and ecological restoration area). The contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were 2.38–12.97 g/kg, 0.39–1.62 g/kg, and 0.99–1.51 g/kg, respectively. In different soil states, undamaged area and ecological restoration area were significantly higher than those in unrestoration area. The results showed that the structure of soil microbial community was significantly correlated with soil physicochemical properties, and formations in the repaired and unrepaired soils were different. Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) cluster analysis and diversity index analysis showed that soil microbial community changed at phylum and genus levels. The results showed that at the phylum level, all soil samples contained Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and actinobacteria. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria of the ecological restoration area (ER1, ER2) were the highest in relative abundance compared with other samples, accounting for more than 45%. Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were the dominant phylum in the undamaged area (UD), accounting for 32.7% and 22.3%, respectively. It can be seen that soil restoration produced a new dominant population, and Proteobacteria showed an absolute competitive advantage in the mining soil.

scholarly journals Structure and driving factors of the soil microbial community associated with Alhagi sparsifolia in an arid desert

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254065
Author(s):  
Wenjing Li ◽  
Lamei Jiang ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Dexiong Teng ◽  
Hengfang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Alhagi Sparsifolia ◽  
Soil Microbial

Environmental properties are important factors in structuring soil microbial communities. The primary driving factors vary in different ecosystems. In the present work, we analyzed the microbial communities of rhizosphere and bulk soils associated with the halophyte Alhagi sparsifolia across three salt/water gradients in the desert area around Ebinur Lake Basin, China, using high-throughput sequencing technology. We found that there were significant differences in soil water content (SWC), soil salinity (SAL), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) contents between the three water/salt gradients. In the L (low water and salt) plot, Actinobacteria was the most abundant bacterial phylum while Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria was negatively correlated with soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), TP, and available phosphorus (AP). The abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly positively correlated with soil SOC, SWC, SAL, pH, TN, and TP (P < 0.05). The abundance of fungal phylum Chytridiomycota was significantly positively correlated with pH (P < 0.01), SWC, AP, and sulfate ion (P < 0.05). SOC and nitrate nitrogen were the main factors impacting the bacterial community, while ammonium nitrogen (NH4+) and TP were the main driving forces for the fungal community. Soil nutrients were the main contributors to the dissimilarities in the bacterial and fungal communities, explaining 48.06% and 44.45% of the variation. SWC, SAL, and pH explained only a small percentage of the microbial community dissimilarity. In conclusion, soil microbial community structure was affected by SWC, SAL, pH, and soil nutrients, with soil nutrients as the main driving factors. Nitrogen has a differential effect on the different microbial communities: bacterial communities of Alhagi sparsifolia were mainly affected by nitrate nitrogen, while fungal communities were mainly driven by ammonium nitrogen.

scholarly journals Crop Rotation With Cress Increases Cucumber Yields by Regulating the Composition of the Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoya Gong ◽  
Jibo Shi ◽  
Xingang Zhou ◽  
Tao Yuan ◽  
Danmei Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
And Control

Paddy-upland rotation is an effective agricultural management practice for alleviating soil sickness. However, the effect of varying degrees of flooding on the soil microbial community and crop performance remains unclear. We conducted a pot experiment to determine the effects of two soil water content (SWC) and two flooding durations on the soil microbial community attributes and yield in cucumber. In the pot experiment, cucumber was rotated with cress single (45 days) or double (90 days) under 100 or 80% SWC. Then, the soil microbial were inoculated into sterilized soil to verified the relationship between cucumber growth and microorganisms. The results indicated single cress rotation resulted in a higher cucumber yield than double cress rotation and control. Cress rotation under 80% SWC had higher soil microbial diversity than cress rotation under 100% SWC and control. Flooding duration and SWC led to differences in the structure of soil microbial communities. Under 80% SWC, single cress rotation increased the relative abundance of potentially beneficial microorganisms, including Roseiflexus and Pseudallescheria spp., in cucumber rhizosphere. Under 100% SWC, single cress rotation increased the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, such as Haliangium spp., and decreased potential pathogenic fungi, such as Fusarium and Monographella spp., compared with double cress rotation and control. Varying degrees of flooding were causing the difference in diversity, structure and composition of soil microbial communities in the cucumber rhizosphere, which have a positive effect on cucumber growth and development.

Developing nation’s soil microbial community shifts and diversity loss: leading towards major ecological threat

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Sanjat Kumar Sahu ◽  
Jayanthi J
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Diversity Loss ◽  
Community Shifts

Nature does not discriminate and has no boundaries; however only developing nations faces huge food security issues and in such circumstances much of importance has been emphasised on food production technologies but studies and research on concealed factor behind food production i.e biogeochemical drivers were largely overlooked. Injudicious agricultural practices; for instance profound use of agrochemicals in continuous and unmonitored way may had already situate many soil microbial species in verge of extinction consequently creating ecological imbalance. With huge land pressure for crop production and lack of upto date technologies of preciseness, most of the developing nation which includes the whole of Africa, almost all Asian countries and numerous other island states faces the agricultural land degradation issues; one of the major reason for such degradation is missing out of ecological drivers i.e soil microbial diversity. Anthropogenic activities application of fertilisers, land use changes (LUC), land intensification, crop diversification, irrigation management etc accelerates the soil microbial community shifts and microbial diversity loss predominately in developing nations. In this short communication, we address the concerns faced by the developing nations to prevent the soil microbial community shift and diversity loss. Also we propose the each exported commodity may have specific tax included which may be utilised by soil scientist from developing nations for studying the current soil microbial shifts and diversity loss due to agriculture management practices more efficiently.

scholarly journals Diversity of microbial communities and soil nutrients in sugarcane rhizosphere soil under water soluble fertilizer

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245626
Author(s):  
Huan Niu ◽  
Ziqin Pang ◽  
Nyumah Fallah ◽  
Yongmei Zhou ◽  
Caifang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

The dynamics of soil microbial communities are important for plant health and productivity. Soil microbial communities respond differently to fertilization. Organic water soluble fertilizer is an effective soil improver, which can effectively improve soil nutrient status and adjust soil pH value. However, little is known about the effects of water soluble fertilizers on soil microbial community, and the combined effects on soil nutrients and sugarcane productivity. Therefore, this study sought to assess the effects of water soluble fertilizer (1,050 kg/hm2 (WS1), 1,650 kg/hm2 (WS2)) and mineral fertilizer (1,500 kg/hm2 (CK)) on the soil microbial community, soil nutrients and crop yield of sugarcane. The results showed that compared with CK, the application of water soluble fertilizers (WS1 and WS2) alleviated soil acidity, increased the OM, DOC, and AK contents in the soil, and further improved agronomic parameters and sugarcane yield. Both WS1 and WS2 treatments significantly increased the species richness of microorganisms, especially the enrichment of beneficial symbiotic bacteria such as Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes, which are more conducive to the healthy growth of plants. Furthermore, we found that soil nutrient contents were associated with soil microbial enrichment. These results indicate that water soluble fertilizer affects the enrichment of microorganisms by improving the nutrient content of the soil, thereby affecting the growth and yield of sugarcane. These findings therefore suggest that the utilization of water soluble fertilizer is an effective agriculture approach to improve soil fertility.

scholarly journals Soil Microbial Communities Altered by Titanium Ions in Different Agroecosystems of Pitaya and Grape

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan He ◽  
Xinrong Ma ◽  
Xin-Yi Hou ◽  
Cai-Xia Li ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbiota ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Titanium ions can significantly promote plant growth, but it is unclear whether the application of titanium ions to plants has any effect on the soil microbial community. In this study, we conducted field surveys to determine the effect of titanium ions on soil microbial communities of the pitaya and grape plantations in Panxi area by performing full-length 16S rRNA gene and ITS amplicon sequencing using PacBio Sequel. The results showed that the application of titanium ions significantly altered the composition and structure of soil microbiota. Root irrigation with titanium ions in pitaya garden, the diversity of soil fungi was significantly reduced. Although there was no statistically significant difference, bacterial diversity also declined. While, the foliar spray of titanium ions on grapes greatly reduced the soil microbial diversity. Moreover, the soil microbiota had a core of conserved taxa, and their relative abundances were significantly altered by titanium ions. Moreover, titanium ions enhanced the cooccurrence relationships and probably improved the stability of the soil microbial community. Our results highlight the different responses of bacterial and fungal communities to titanium ions and sites and provides a basis for the application of titanium ions in plant farming.

scholarly journals Dominant Tree Species Shape Soil Microbial Community via Regulating Assembly Processes in Planted Subtropical Forests

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Ma ◽  
Zou ◽  
Yang ◽  
Hogan ◽  
Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Microbial Community Assembly

Understanding the ecological processes that regulate microbial community assembly in different habitats is critical to predict microbial responses to anthropogenic disturbances and environmental changes. Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and Eucalypt (Eucalyptus urophylla) plantations (thereafter RP and EP) are rapidly established at the expense of forests in tropical China, greatly affecting tropical soils and their processes. However, the assembly processes of soil microbial communities after forest conversions remain unclear. We investigated soil microbial communities’ attributes and quantified the portion of deterministic assembly variation in two RP (a 3- and a 5-year-old) and two EP (a 2- and a 4-year-old) in Southern China. Shannon and Faith’s Phylogenetic α-diversity of both bacterial and fungal communities were higher in RP than in EP, regardless of plantation age or soil depth (0–50 cm). Bacterial and fungal community structure was significantly different among the four plantations. The dominant microbial taxa in RP closely tracked the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (K) while those in EP were closely related to the high total K content. Microbial co-occurrence networks in RP were more modular than those in EP, as governed by more keystone taxa that were strongly dependent on soil available nutrients. Environmental filtering imposed by soil nutrients heterogeneity contributed a considerable portion (33–47%) of bacterial assembly variation in RP, but much less (8–14%) in EP. The relative contribution of environmental selection on fungal assembly was also greater in RP than in EP. Our findings suggest that in RP clear microbial community patterns exist with respect to soil nutrients, whereas in EP microbial community assembly patterns are more stochastic and variable. The large variation in soil microbial community assembly patterns in EP could lead to fragile and unstable microbial-soil relationships, which may be one factor driving soil degradation in EP.

scholarly journals Near-natural transformation of Pinus tabuliformis better improve soil nutrients and soil microbial community

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12098
Author(s):  
You Yin ◽  
Qiuli Li ◽  
Haitao Du
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Natural Transformation ◽  
Pinus Tabulaeformis ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Pinus Tabuliformis ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Pinus tabulaeformis plantations have been established around northern China to restore degraded land and provide timber or fuelwood. In recent years, widely distributed monoculture P. tabulaeformis forests have been transformed into mixed forests due to various ecological problems. However, the current research on the influence of near-natural transformation of P. tabulaeformis on soil microbial diversity and community composition remains limited. Therefore, we examined the effect of forest conversion from monoculture Pinus tabuliformis (PT) to P. tabuliformis-Armeniaca vulgaris (PTAU), P. tabuliformis - Robinia pseudoacacia (PTRP), P. tabuliformis - Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla (PTVN) forests on soil microbial community diversity and composition. The results indicated that compared to PT, PTAU, PTVN, and PTRP could enhance the soil pH, TC, TN, AN, and AK in different degrees, the most obvious in PTAU. Near-natural transformation of P. tabuliformis could improve soil bacterial Pielou_e index, and Simpson index, as well as soil fungal Chao1 index. Proteobacteria and Ascomycota were the dominant soil microbial community at the phylum level. What’s more, both soil bacterial and fungal community among PT, PTAU, PTRP and PTVN showed clear different, and PTAU obviously altered the soil microbial community structure. Proteobacteria was the predominant group in PT, while, Gemmatimonadetes enriched in PTVN. Ascomycota was the predominant group in PTAU, while, Basidiomycota was the predominant group in PTRP. Near-natural transformation of P. tabuliformis could change soil microbial community via altering soil characteristics. In brief, our research results revealed the influence of tree composition and soil nutrient availability on soil microbial diversity and composition, and provided management guidance for introduction soil microbial community in forest protection and management.

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