scholarly journals Pandemic Preparedness of Countries to Cope With COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Coccia
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
High Level ◽  
Planning Institutions

Abstract One of the problems hardly clarified in COVID-19 pandemic crisis is the effective of the pandemic preparedness of countries to cope with COVID-19 and reduce negative effects in society. The study here confronts this problem by proponing the Index of resilience that detects which countries have had the best performance to reduce the negative impact of mortality related to COVID-19 pandemic and the Index of preparedness that assesses performance of countries to support COVID-19 vaccinations and prevent future waves of COVID-19. The application of these indexes on selected European countries suggests that, in average, best-performer countries to cope with COVID-19 pandemic crisis have a smaller size of population and high level of health expenditures. However, lessons learned from this study are that manifold countries have several biological security weaknesses and low pandemic preparedness. The policy implications are that governments should revise and reinforce, planning, institutions and overall organization devoted to face pandemic threats.

You reap what you sow: knowledge hiding, territorial and idea implementation

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianmiao Li ◽  
William X. Wei ◽  
Weiwei Huo ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Manyi Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Territorial Behavior ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Level ◽  
Knowledge Hiding ◽  
Moderating Role

PurposeThis study aims to build a research model from the perspectives of knowledge hiding and idea implementation to examine what factors influence idea implementation and the cross-level moderating role of team territory climate.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from universities, 52 (R&D) teams in China via a two-wave survey. The final sample contained 209 team members and their immediate supervisors. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to test hypotheses.FindingsThe results indicated that individuals’ knowledge-hiding behavior had a significantly negative impact on idea implementation and creative process engagement, which played a mediating role. Team territorial climate played a cross-level moderating role between knowledge hiding and idea implementation. If team territorial climate was at a high level, then the negative connection between knowledge hiding and idea implementation would be weaker.Research limitations/implicationsUnder the perspective of territorial behavior in Chinese cultural, it can help to distinguish territorial behavior and be preventive at individual and team levels. This study not only enables managers to clearly understand the precipitating factors of idea implementation but also provides constructive strategies for alleviating the negative effects of knowledge territoriality on creative process engagement and idea implementation.Originality/valueThis study constructs a cross-level model to explore the relationship among knowledge hiding, creative process engagement and idea implementation at individual and team levels in the context of Chinese R&D enterprises. Additionally, the study analyzes the influence of territoriality on idea implementation under boundary conditions.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF LOCKDOWN ON PUBLIC HEALTH DURING THE FIRST WAVE OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LESSONS LEARNED FOR DESIGNING EFFECTIVE CONTAINMENT MEASURES TO COPE WITH SECOND WAVE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Coccia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second Wave

AbstractWhat is hardly known in the studies of the COVID-19 global pandemic crisis is the impact of general lockdown during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic both public health and economic system. The main goal of this study is a comparative analysis of some European countries with a longer and shorter period of national lockdown during the first wave of COVID-19 from March to August 2020. Findings suggests that: a) countries with shorter period of lockdown have a variation of confirmed cases/population (%) higher than countries with longer period of lockdown; b) countries with shorter period of lockdown have average fatality rate (5.45%) lower than countries with longer period of lockdown (12.70%), whereas variation of fatality rate from August to March 2020 suggests a higher reduction in countries with longer period of lockdown (−1.9% vs 0.72%). However, Independent Samples Test and the Mann-Whitney test reveal that the effectiveness of longer period of lockdown versus shorter one on public health is not significant. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic associated with longer period of lockdown has a higher negative impact on economic growth with consequential social issues in countries. Results of the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on public health and economies of some leading countries in Europe, during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, can provide vital information to design effective containment strategies in future waves of this pandemic to minimize the negative effects in society.

The Recessive Outcomes of Emu Policies: Analysis of the Italian Experience, 1998-2008

2012 ◽  
pp. 89-111
Author(s):  
Rita Canale Rosaria ◽  
Napolitano Oreste
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Income ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
Long Run ◽  
High Level ◽  
Fiscal And Monetary Policy

The EMU assigns a marginal role to economic policy and relies on the idea that, if prices are kept constant, there will be an automatic convergence towards long-run equilibrium income. These beliefs represent the theoretical underpinnings of fiscal and monetary policy strategies in Europe. In order to highlight the weakness of these foundations, this paper evaluates empirically the effects of public expenditure and interest rate setting on equilibrium income in Italy from 1998 to 2008. Our analysis supports the conclusions that government spending has a positive impact on national income while monetary policy strategy has a negative impact. Moreover, the high level of debt does not produce negative effects on GDP. Finally, at a time of financial crisis, these results are reinforced for fiscal policy, but weakened for monetary policy. The paper finally states that the EMU's rigid rules for both fiscal and monetary policy have recessive outcomes.

scholarly journals DESCRIPTION OF RISK LEVELS OF GADGET ADDICTION, BULLYING BEHAVIOR, AND DRUG ABUSE IN ADOLESCENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Rama Bagus Anandayudha ◽  
Calseries Rizki Noveriana ◽  
Ewin Wulandari ◽  
Felicia Alvita Tjahjono ◽  
I Wayan Weda Wisnawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Bullying Behavior ◽  
High Level

Gadgets can be interpreted as a tool that can easily be connected to the internet. If the use of gadgets can be done wisely, humans will get many benefits from using gadgets. But if the use of gadgets cannot be controlled, it will have a negative impact. One of the negative effects obtained is dependence or addiction to the gadget itself. Apart from the use of gadgets, bullying is also common today. Approximately three million teenagers become drug abusers in Indonesia. The data was collected using primary data in the form of a questionnaire to collect data on gadget addiction, bullying behavior, and drug abuse among junior high school adolescents at MTs Nahdlatul Wathon Licin. This was a descriptive observational study. The population was students in 8th-9th grades at MTs Nahdlatul Wathon Licin. Sampling was done by total sampling. The number of samples obtained was 93 people. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods which are presented in the form of frequency distribution tables. It was found that 8.6% of respondents had a high risk of gadget addiction, 48.4 % of respondents have a high level of bullying behavior, and 2.2% of respondents are addicted to drugs.

scholarly journals Management of a transport company during the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (150) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Paweł BEŁCH ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Questionnaire Research ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

Purpose: The end of the first quarter of 2020 is the beginning of a new, difficult time in the functioning of transport companies, as well as the entire Polish and world economy. The appearance of Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) resulted in a number of market restrictions and a sharp decline in transport orders. Enterprises had to change the way they were managed and operated, had to adapt to a different economic reality in order to continue to prosper. The aim of the article is to define the essence of managing a transport company in the new market and economic conditions that appeared during the Covid-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: The research procedure included review of polish and foreign literature, analysis of legal acts, questionnaire research, analysis of the content of internal documents of transport companies, method of analysis and synthesis, case study, methods of inductive and deductive reasoning. The article presents the results of scientific research on the impact of Covid-19 on the management and decisions made in a transport company. Findings: The high level of impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the management of a transport company has been demonstrated. The factor that most influenced the management and decisions of transport companies is the decline or fear of a decline in contracts for transport services. Transport companies are afraid of the further negative effects of the pandemic, and therefore do not want to take out investment loans in order to develop the company. The article discusses the activities of transport companies and the management of a transport company in crisis conditions. Research limitations/implications: The article presents a survey carried out in Polish transport companies from the Podkarpackie and Lubelskie voivodships. Therefore, the research results concern the area of south-eastern Poland. Practical implications: The results of the research may be helpful for managers of transport companies (management decisions made) in order to limit the negative impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on their business activities. Originality/value: The presented research and conclusions provide practical guidance to managers about what decisions and actions can improve the economic condition of their transport companies in the difficult period of the Covid-19 pandemic, based on the example of the analyzed transport companies.

scholarly journals Fragility of State in Central African Republic: An Econometric Approach to Efficiency Understanding

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-697
Author(s):  
Yapatake Kossele Thales Pacific
Keyword(s):  
Central African Republic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Of Corruption

A fragile state contributes to the underdevelopment of the nation and its consequences can be very devastating on the state’s cohesion, characterized by a high level of corruption which led the country to an incessant political instability and the continuous presence of foreign troops. 1 This article used the vector autoregresssion (VAR) model covering the period of 2005–2015 to examine the impact of control of corruption on the fragility of the state in the Central African Republic (CAR). The results show that control of corruption is significant and has a negative impact on the fragility of the state in the short run. The impulse response shows a negative impact of control of corruption in the short run but a positive impact in the long run on the fragility of the state. The policy implications of this fragility are that the CAR must pursue better governance as well as in the investment choices. Unless the CAR leaders and citizens recognize their own fragility, things can only get worse.

scholarly journals Where Did All the Sport Go? Negative Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Life-Spheres and Mental Health of Spanish Young Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pons ◽  
Yago Ramis ◽  
Saul Alcaraz ◽  
Anna Jordana ◽  
Marta Borrueco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
High Level

During the 2020, the pandemic caused by the massive spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) resulted in a global crisis. In Spain, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a lockdown for almost 100 days and forced the sudden stop of sport practices and competitions. This interruption had a negative impact on high-level athletes’ mental health. However, its impact on young athletes, who are intrinsically developing a high-demanding dual career, remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed at (1) describing and characterizing the general impact that COVID-19 lockdown had on Spanish young athletes’ life-spheres and mental health, and (2) identifying different profiles of athletes regarding life-conditions and sport-related variables. A sample of 544 young athletes (M = 15.9; SD = 1.51) participated in this study. Measures included life-conditions and sport-related information along with the Holistic Monitoring Questionnaire (HMQ) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). After the screening and description of the data, profiles were defined using a two-level cluster analysis using HMQ and GHQ-12 subscales. We explored differences in demographic and sports information between profiles using MANOVA and subsequent ANOVA. Results suggest a general negative impact of COVID-19 on young athletes’ life-spheres and mental health, but with three different clusters regarding the degree of such impact. Cluster 1 grouped the 54.78% of the sample and exhibited a low negative impact of COVID-19 lockdown on life-spheres and few mental health issues. Cluster 2 grouped a 29.96% of the participants who reported a medium negative impact on life-spheres and moderate mental health issues. Cluster 3 represented 15.26% of the sample including participants who showed a high negative impact of the COVID-19 lockdown with high mental health issues. The paradigmatic participant in this third group would be a female student-athlete from a medium or low socioeconomic status with high academic demands and poor or inexistent training conditions during lockdown. Current findings emphasize the need to pay attention to young athletes’ mental health and suggest possible influencing contextual variables. We suggest some applied recommendations aimed at helping clubs and sports institutions to mitigate the negative effects of such difficult circumstances on athletes’ mental health.

scholarly journals Recovery and Reduction of Non-Performing Loans – Podgorica Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ristan Stijepović
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Loan Portfolio ◽  
Current Financial Crisis ◽  
Lending Activity ◽  
High Level

Abstract Loan portfolio of Montenegro’s banking sector was largely affected by the growth in past due loans during the current financial crisis. High level of these loans limits banks’ lending activity which results in a decline in credit supply. Negative effects of the non-performing loans’ growth reflected adversely on economic strength of the real and households sectors. Majority of Montenegrin companies have significant liquidity problems and their defaults affect adversely the sound part of the economy, while reduced households spending reflects negatively on aggregate demand. Therefore, a new approach for the recovery of these loans should be sought and reduce their negative impact on loan portfolio of the banking sector. The World Bank Financial Sector Advisory Centre (FinSac) located in Vienna proposed a series of measures and recommendations for the resolution of these loans through several modules. In addition to the strengthening of loan portfolio and initiating more dynamic lending activity of the banking sector, the project called Podgorica Approach aims at strengthening financial stability of the system, supporting debtors’ recovery, and improving economic growth. Podgorica Approach contributed, in particular, to quantitative assessment of the recovery of non-performing loans which could return to the performing status through the restructuring process. Better qualitative understanding of these loans is necessary to act preventively and thus largely reduce migration from performing to non-performing loans. In addition, this approach aims at strengthening the incentives proposed by the authorities so that the level of non-performing loans is reduced through their successful implementation.

scholarly journals The Euro Zone Financial Meltdown and Sub-Saharan Africa’s Financial Sector: Analysis and The Way Forward for Financial Development and Economic Growth

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Ashford C. Chea
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Euro Zone ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Way

<p>The purpose of the paper was to assess the effects of the euro zone financial crisis on sub-Saharan Africa’s (SSA) financial sector. The evidence showed that the euro zone crisis had limited negative effects on SSA financial sector as a whole. However, individual countries were impacted negatively based on their relative integration into the global financial system and the idiosyncratic responses by policy makers to the crisis. The article begins with a historical perspective and underpinning of the euro zone financial crisis. Next, it presents a brief overview of the euro zone financial sector. This is followed by an analysis of SSA’s financial sector and its exposure to the euro zone crisis. The paper then continues with a discussion of the transmission mechanisms of the crisis to SSA’s financial sector. The article ends with an outline of policy lessons learned from the euro debt crisis, policy implications for SSA’s financial sector, and recommendations for the way forward for financial development and stability in SSA.</p>

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF CORRUPTION ON STARTING THE NEW BUSINESSES - COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES AND DEVELOPED EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

TEME ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Vinko Lepojevic ◽  
Maja Ivanović Djukic ◽  
Suzana Stefanović
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Initial Assumption ◽  
Balkan Countries ◽  
New Business ◽  
Construction Permit ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyzes the impact of corruption on the establishment of new businesses through a comparative analysis of the Western Balkan countries and the developed European countries. The aim of the paper is to examine whether corruption affects the establishment of new businesses, and to identify areas that are important for starting a new business in which corruption is most present, as well as to propose measures that can mitigate the negative effects of corruption and, consequently, make more supportive environments for development of entrepreneurship. Our initial assumption is that corruption has a negative impact on the development of entrepreneurship. In order to check this hypothesis, the method of correlation and regression analysis was applied in research of corruption impact on entrepreneurship development based on a sample of 25 countries. The results of our research have shown that corruption has had a negative and statistically significant impact on the establishment of new businesses. Also, our research has shown that the impact of corruption on the development of entrepreneurship is higher in countries characterized by an insufficiently stable and underdeveloped macroeconomic environment such as the Western Balkans countries, compared to developed European countries. As study has shown, obtaining construction permit and registering property are the areas in which corruption is most pronounced.

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