scholarly journals Oral Hygiene and Oral Microbiota in Children with Neurological Impairment and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Fregatto ◽  
Isabela Bazzo Costa ◽  
Daniel De Bortoli Teixeira ◽  
Janaina Costa Marangon Duarte ◽  
Aline Maria Noli Mascarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Oral Swab ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Objective This study compared the oral hygiene and oral microbiota in children with neurological impairment and oropharyngeal dysphagia with and without gastrostomy. Method: Forty children and young people participated in this study: 19 females and 21 males, aged 2 to 22 years (mean age 8.6 years). Participants were divided into two groups: group I (GI = 20) with gastrostomy and group II (GII = 20) without gastrostomy (with oral feeding). Oral hygiene was assessed using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI). Analysis of two bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, was performed by collecting saliva using an oral swab, then mRNA expression was evaluated using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Results The oral hygiene index had a general median of 2.2, and the two groups were statistically different (Group I: median 2.9 and Group II: median 2.0) (p = 0.01751). Bacterial analysis indicated 13 individuals with S. mutans and none with S. sobrinus. Of the 13 individuals with S. mutans, 6 were from Group I and 7 from Group II. Conclusions Those with gastrostomy had worse oral hygiene, and both groups harbored the bacterium Streptococcus mutans.

scholarly journals Oral hygiene and oral microbiota in children and young people with neurological impairment and oropharyngeal dysphagia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Fregatto ◽  
Isabela Bazzo Costa ◽  
Daniel De Bortoli Teixeira ◽  
Janaina Costa Marangon Duarte ◽  
Aline Maria Noli Mascarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

AbstractThis study compared the oral hygiene and oral microbiota in children and young people with neurological impairment and oropharyngeal dysphagia with and without gastrostomy. Forty children and young people participated in this study: 19 females and 21 males, aged 2 to 22 years (mean age 8.6 years). Participants were divided into two groups: group I (GI = 20) with gastrostomy and group II (GII = 20) without gastrostomy (with oral feeding). Oral hygiene was assessed using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI). Analysis of two bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, was performed by collecting saliva using an oral swab, then mRNA expression was evaluated using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The oral hygiene index had a general median of 2.2, and the two groups were statistically different (Group I: median 2.9 and Group II: median 2.0) (p = 0.01751). Bacterial analysis indicated 13 individuals with S. mutans and none with S. sobrinus. Of the 13 individuals with S. mutans, 6 were from Group I and 7 from Group II. Those with gastrostomy had worse oral hygiene, and both groups harbored the bacterium S. mutans.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a custom-made natural tooth powder on oral hygiene status of children: A randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Sharath Asokan ◽  
◽  
Geetha Priya PR ◽  
Sudhandra Viswanath ◽  
B Kesavaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Group I ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Natural Tooth

Aim: To evaluate antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant properties of custom-made natural tooth powder and the effectiveness of custom-made natural tooth powder on the oral hygiene status of children. Methodology: Antibacterial and antifungal properties were determined by agar diffusion method against Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans and antioxidant properties were determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) assay. Clinical trial included 60 children aged 8 to 11 years. Oral prophylaxis was done and after a washout period of 10 days, baseline Simplified Oral Hygiene index (OHI-S) scores, plaque scores and Streptococcus mutans colony counts were recorded. Children were randomly divided into two groups: Group I children brushed with custom-made natural tooth powder and Group II children used commercially available natural tooth powder twice daily. At the end of 30 days, post intervention data was collected and statistically analyzed. Results: In-vitro trial showed that the custom-made natural tooth powder exhibited both antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Intragroup assessment of clinical trial showed significant reduction in the OHI-S [Group I (p=0.03), Group II (p=0.01)] plaque scores [Group I (p=0.05), Group II (p=0.006)] and Streptococcus colony counts [Group I (p=0.000), Group II (p=0.000)] in both the groups. But there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The newer custom-made natural tooth powder is effective in oral hygiene maintenance and can be a possible alternative to the commercially available natural tooth powder.

scholarly journals Effect of Two Different Mouth Rinses on S. mutans Counts in Subjects Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment – A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
S. Abirami ◽  
Ravindra Kumar Jain ◽  
A. S. Smiline Girija
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

The study is thus aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of Herbostra oil pulling mouthwash with Chlorhexidine mouthwash in reducing plaque accumulation around orthodontic brackets. A total of 20 patients were considered in this study randomly assigned into Group I (experimental group - Herbostra oil pulling mouthwash) and Group II (reference group-0.2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash). The plaque index scores were recorded in each individual at baseline (pre) and after 3 weeks (post). Dental plaque samples were collected around the orthodontic brackets at the cervical region of maxillary upper molars and lower incisors by cotton swabbing method and evaluated for the presence of microflora. Paired sample t-test for Streptococcus mutans count showed that statistically significant difference only within the group II (p=0.000) (Chlorhexidine group) and there was no significant difference within the group I (p=0.103) (Herbostra group). Paired sample t-test for plaque index score shows statistically significant difference within the groups (0.000).Independent t test showed statistically significant difference in the levels of  Streptococcus mutans count after 3 weeks between the two groups (p=0.000) with the mean values of (2.230±0.5056), (1.080±0.3458) in group I and group II respectively. From this study we concluded that, even though there was a reduction in plaque scores and S. mutans count with Herbostra oil pulling mouthwash but it was not as effective as Chlorhexidine mouth rinse.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SMOKING ON ORAL HYGIENE PARAMETERS IN ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-163
Author(s):  
I. Lisetska ◽  
M. Rozhko
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Impact

Recent studies have shown that the prevalence of dental diseases is remaining high among the population. It is known that the pathogenesis of dental diseases is strongly associated with smoking. Maintaining proper oral hygiene is an important factor in the prevention of dental diseases. Therefore, the question of studying the impact of smoking on the oral hygiene status in adolescents and young adults is quite relevant as it can promote further development of more effective preventive measures. The aim of the study is to examine the effect of smoking on the oral hygiene parameters in adolescents and young adults. Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (Green-Vermillion, 1964) was applied to assess the oral hygiene status in 114 adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 24 years, who were divided into groups: group I included 26 people who smoked traditional cigarettes on regular basis; group II included 22 people who smoked electronic cigarettes (Vapes); group III involved 23 people who used to smoke tobacco heating devices (IQOS); group IV included 43 non-smokers. The subjects of group I were found to have an unsatisfactory oral hygiene status, their OHI-S index was equal to 1.77 ± 0.02 scores. The subjects of group II demonstrated 1, 53±0, 01 scores, and the subjects of group III – 1.46±0.02 scores that corresponds to a satisfactory level of hygiene. The subjects of group IV, whose oral hygiene status was also satisfactory, had 0.87±0.03 scores. The study has shown that the state of oral hygiene is affected by smoking of traditional cigarettes or alternative smoking devices and smoking duration. Therefore, much attention should be paid and more efforts should be applied to promote smoking cessation and to elaborate the algorithm of medical and preventive dental care for those who is still smoking.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF DIFFERENT ORAL HYGIENE AIDS FOR THE REDUCTION OF MORNING BAD BREATH AMONG DENTAL STUDENTS: A CROSSOVER CLINICAL TRIAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-533
Author(s):  
Shaijal Godha ◽  
Pralhad L Dasar ◽  
Sandesh N ◽  
Prashant Mishra ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
P Value ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bad Breath ◽  
Group Ii

Background and aim. To assess and compare the effects of different oral hygiene procedures on the reduction of morning bad breath, plaque and gingival status in healthy subjectsMethods. A four step cross-over trial was performed on 32 study subjects. They were allocated into four groups: Group I: tooth brushing; Group II: tooth brushing and tongue scraping; Group III: tooth brushing and mouth washing; and Group IV: tooth brushing, tongue scraping and use of mouthwash. A washout interval of 7 days was employed. At the beginning and at the end of all intervention periods, breath score was measured by hand held sulfide monitor (Breath Alert) at four time intervals. The Plaque and Gingival status was evaluated using Plaque and Gingival Index.Results. The highest reduction in mean breath score (2.12±0.65), plaque score (0.75±0.47) and gingival score (0.67±0.41) were found in the Group IV followed by Group II and Group III. A significant positive correlation was observed between plaque scores and gingival scores before intervention (r=0.443; p value<0.001) and after intervention (r=0.846; p value<0.001).Conclusion. The study findings suggest that mechanical aids in conjunction with chemical regimens are considered as the most effective method for reducing the morning bad breath in healthy subjects and should be incorporated in daily oral hygiene practices.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Effectiveness of Home Remedies for Toothbrush Decontamination using Vinegar and Vinegar with Common Salt

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Arathi Rao ◽  
Vinay Mavani ◽  
Karuna Y Mahabala ◽  
Ethel Suman ◽  
P Anupama Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Home Remedies ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
White Vinegar

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate if vinegar and vinegar with 3.5% sodium chloride could be used as an alternative to chlorhexidine gluconate for disinfection of toothbrushes. Materials and methods The study consisted of three groups: group I: 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate, group II: 38% white vinegar, and group III: 38% white vinegar with 3.5% sodium chloride. Two new toothbrushes were cultured to check their sterility before use. Eight children in the age group of 6 to 12 years were given oral hygiene instructions and four sets of oral hygiene kits. At the end of the 1st week, one set of used toothbrushes was cultured to check for total viable count. Again at the end of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th weeks, the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th sets of brushes were collected, subjected to respective decontamination treatment for 12 hours, and then cultured for microbial analyses. The obtained data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Results In group I, three out of eight brushes showed 1 to 10,000 colonies, in group II, one out of eight cases showed >10,000 colonies and two out of eight showed 1 to 10,000 colonies, and in group III, all the eight cases showed no colonies upon culturing. Conclusion Out of all the tested decontaminating agents, combination of 38% white vinegar and 3.5% sodium chloride was found to be the most efficient. Clinical significance Toothbrushes become contaminated upon use and act as a reservoir for microorganisms. Thus, toothbrush decontamination should become a routine practice. Testing the disinfecting efficacy of vinegar and common salt is, thus, beneficial as they are available in every kitchen. How to cite this article Mavani V, Mahabala KY, Suman E, Natarajan S, Nayak PA, Srikrishna SB, Rao A. Evaluation of Effectiveness of Home Remedies for Toothbrush Decontamination using Vinegar and Vinegar with Common Salt. World J Dent 2018;9(1):19-23.

scholarly journals Assessment of Oral Hygiene in Patients Using Fixed and Removable Dentures Treated at the University Dental Clinic in Krakow

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11986
Author(s):  
Joanna Ryniewicz ◽  
Magdalena Orczykowska ◽  
Krzysztof Gronkiewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Pihut
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The University ◽  
Dental Prosthetics

Apart from local lesions, the presence of dental plaque may also have an effect on health, especially in people with general diseases. The aim of this project was to assess the oral hygiene of patients prosthetically treated at the Dental Prosthetics Clinic of the University Dental Clinic in Krakow (Poland) using fixed and removable dentures and to determine the demographic relationships and data related to the education of the respondents. The research material consisted of 120 patients who used fixed (group I) and removable (group II) restorations. Basic dental examinations and oral hygiene examinations were carried out with the use of the API (Approximal Plaque Index) and PI (Plaque Index) plaque indices. This study presents the percentage of respondents in terms of sex, place of residence, and education. The mean PI (plaque index) values were 46.73% (Group I) and 50.05% (Group II). (p = 0.4839). The mean values of API (Approximal Plaque Index) amounted to 65.14% (Group I) and 68.94% (Group II) (p = 0.4695). Patients using dentures showed insufficient oral hygiene, and the hygiene status of patients did not depend on the type of dentures used. The group that is most often treated with prosthetics is women with secondary education. The most numerous group of patients at the Dental Prosthetics Clinic are people living in large cities which results from easier access to health care.

scholarly journals Effect of Herbal and Fluoride Mouth Rinses onStreptococcus mutansand Dental Caries among 12–15-Year-Old School Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinej Somaraj ◽  
Rekha P. Shenoy ◽  
Ganesh Shenoy Panchmal ◽  
Vijaya Kumar ◽  
Praveen S. Jodalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Group I ◽  
Mouth Rinses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Glucan Synthesis

To assess and compare the effect of herbal and fluoride mouth rinses onStreptococcus mutanscount and glucan synthesis byStreptococcus mutansand dental caries, a parallel group placebo controlled randomized trial was conducted among 240 schoolchildren (12–15 years old). Participants were randomly divided and allocated into Group I (0.2% fluoride group), Group II (herbal group), and Group III (placebo group). All received 10 ml of respective mouth rinses every fortnight for a period of one year. Intergroup and intragroup comparison were done forStreptococcus mutanscount and glucan synthesis byStreptococcus mutansand dental caries.Streptococcus mutanscount showed a statistically significant difference between Group I and Group III (p=0.035) and also between Group II and Group III (p=0.039). Glucan concentration levels showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.024) between Group II and Group III at 12th month. Mean DMF scores showed no statistical difference between the three groups (p=0.139). No difference in the level of significance was seen in the intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis. The present study showed that both herbal and fluoride mouth rinses, when used fortnightly, were equally effective and could be recommended for use in school-based health education program to control dental caries. Trial registration number isCTRI/2015/08/006070.

scholarly journals Self-tapping Intermaxillary Fixation Screw: An Alternative to Arch Bar

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Animesh Barodiya ◽  
Rishi Thukral ◽  
SM Agrawal ◽  
Anil S Chouhan ◽  
Sidharth Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Intermaxillary Fixation ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Arch Bar ◽  
Group I ◽  
Fixation Screw ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Imf

ABSTRACT Introduction The use of intermaxillary fixation (IMF) in the treatment of faciomaxillary fractures is the key factor for reduction and immobilization. Various techniques of IMF have been described in the past and recently IMF screws have been introduced. This technique has various advantages, including ease of use, less time consumption, less trauma to the surrounding soft tissues, and relatively reduced risk of needle stick injury. This study evaluates the efficacy of IMF screws over arch bar IMF before definitive fixation of facial fractures. Materials and methods This study is a randomized clinical study. Study population consists of 20 patients with mandibular fractures requiring IMF with open reduction and reported to Department of Oral Surgery, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India between September 2012 and April 2015. Two groups were formed with 10 patients in each group. In the first group, IMF was achieved using the Erich's arch bar and wires. In the second group, IMF was achieved using self-tapping IMF screw. The patients were assessed for various parameters, such as the time required in minutes for the IMF stability of fixation, postoperative occlusion, postoperative pain, periodontal health, oral hygiene, and incidence of needle stick injury. Results All the cases had stable IMF in both groups. At the end of 14th day, overall oral hygiene was poor in group I and good in group II, significant statistically (p = 0.031). Iatrogenic injury to tooth was absent in group I and present in 1 case in group II, not significant statistically (p = 0.305). Average time taken for the IMF in group I was 74.9 minutes, with the range of 58 to 88 minutes, and in group II was 16.1 minutes, with the range of 11 to 22 minutes, which is highly significant statistically (p = 0.001). Needle stick injuries were taken as positive if glove perforation was present and these were reported in four cases in group I, whereas in group II, no case had incidence of needle stick injuries, which shows significant statistically (p = 0.025). Conclusion After this study, we can conclude that IMF selftapping screw is a proven useful technique of IMF. Intermaxillary fixation is a safe and less time-consuming method but with various shortcomings and complications, which the surgeon must be aware of while providing treatment. Clinical significance: How to cite this article Barodiya A, Thukral R, Agrawal SM, Chouhan AS, Singh S, Loksh Y. Self-tapping Intermaxillary Fixation Screw: An Alternative to Arch Bar. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):147-151.

scholarly journals Effects of Reinforced Oral Hygiene Instruction Program With and Without Professional Tooth Cleaning on Plaque Control and Gingival Health of Orthodontic Patients Wearing Multibracket Appliances

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-277
Author(s):  
Sapna Singla ◽  
Priyanka Gupta ◽  
Gurvanit Lehl ◽  
Manjit Talwar
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Tooth Cleaning ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Group I ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Oral Hygiene Instruction

Introduction: Fixed orthodontic therapy is considered to be one of the important risk factor for plaque accumulation, since various orthodontic components serves as the retentive areas for plaque accumulation and thus increasing the risk of caries and periodontitis. Therefore these patients must be encouraged to maintain good oral health throughout the treatment. Objective: To investigate the effects of reinforced oral hygiene instruction programme with and without professional tooth cleaning on the plaque accumulation and gingival health of orthodontic patients wearing fixed multibracket appliances. Material and Methods: Forty patients with fixed orthodontic appliances in the age range of 12–28 years were divided randomly into Group I (n=20) and Group II (n=20). Group I received oral hygiene instructions and Group II received similar instructions supplemented with one sitting of professional tooth cleaning. The plaque and gingival index were recorded at the baseline (before the instructions), after 4 and 8 weeks in both the groups. At each visit all the instructions were reinforced in both the groups. Results: Intergroup comparison showed significant decrease in the mean plaque score at 4 weeks in Group II (p<0.01), but no significant difference in the mean plaque score at 8 weeks and mean gingival scores at 4 and 8 weeks between both the groups. Within the group comparison, showed that the mean values of both the indices showed significant decrease after 8 weeks in both the groups (p<0.01). Conclusion: Reinforced oral hygiene instruction programme with or without professional prophylaxis can lead to efficient control of plaque accumulation as well as improvement in the gingival health of orthodontic patients wearing multibracket appliances. However, provision of professional tooth cleaning should be based on individual plaque control needs.

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