scholarly journals Self-tapping Intermaxillary Fixation Screw: An Alternative to Arch Bar

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Animesh Barodiya ◽  
Rishi Thukral ◽  
SM Agrawal ◽  
Anil S Chouhan ◽  
Sidharth Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Intermaxillary Fixation ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Arch Bar ◽  
Group I ◽  
Fixation Screw ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Imf

ABSTRACT Introduction The use of intermaxillary fixation (IMF) in the treatment of faciomaxillary fractures is the key factor for reduction and immobilization. Various techniques of IMF have been described in the past and recently IMF screws have been introduced. This technique has various advantages, including ease of use, less time consumption, less trauma to the surrounding soft tissues, and relatively reduced risk of needle stick injury. This study evaluates the efficacy of IMF screws over arch bar IMF before definitive fixation of facial fractures. Materials and methods This study is a randomized clinical study. Study population consists of 20 patients with mandibular fractures requiring IMF with open reduction and reported to Department of Oral Surgery, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India between September 2012 and April 2015. Two groups were formed with 10 patients in each group. In the first group, IMF was achieved using the Erich's arch bar and wires. In the second group, IMF was achieved using self-tapping IMF screw. The patients were assessed for various parameters, such as the time required in minutes for the IMF stability of fixation, postoperative occlusion, postoperative pain, periodontal health, oral hygiene, and incidence of needle stick injury. Results All the cases had stable IMF in both groups. At the end of 14th day, overall oral hygiene was poor in group I and good in group II, significant statistically (p = 0.031). Iatrogenic injury to tooth was absent in group I and present in 1 case in group II, not significant statistically (p = 0.305). Average time taken for the IMF in group I was 74.9 minutes, with the range of 58 to 88 minutes, and in group II was 16.1 minutes, with the range of 11 to 22 minutes, which is highly significant statistically (p = 0.001). Needle stick injuries were taken as positive if glove perforation was present and these were reported in four cases in group I, whereas in group II, no case had incidence of needle stick injuries, which shows significant statistically (p = 0.025). Conclusion After this study, we can conclude that IMF selftapping screw is a proven useful technique of IMF. Intermaxillary fixation is a safe and less time-consuming method but with various shortcomings and complications, which the surgeon must be aware of while providing treatment. Clinical significance: How to cite this article Barodiya A, Thukral R, Agrawal SM, Chouhan AS, Singh S, Loksh Y. Self-tapping Intermaxillary Fixation Screw: An Alternative to Arch Bar. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):147-151.

Audit of emergency department assessment and management of patients presenting with community-acquired needle stick injuries

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Celenza ◽  
Lloyd J. D'Orsogna ◽  
Shervin H. Tosif ◽  
Samantha M. Bateman ◽  
Debra O'Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries

Objectives. To describe characteristics and management of people with community acquired needle stick injuries (CANSI) attending urban emergency departments; and suggest a guideline to improve assessment, management, and documentation. Methods. A retrospective analysis of cases with CANSI attending emergency departments in two tertiary hospitals between 2001 and 2005 using medical record review with follow up phone and written survey. Results. Thirty-nine cases met the criteria for CANSI. Persons younger than 30 years sustained 48.72% of all injuries. Source serology was available for only five cases (12.82%). Thirty-one of thirty-nine patients (79.49%) were classed as not immune to hepatitis B but only four of these (12.90%) received both hepatitis B vaccination and hepatitis B immunoglobulin. Six patients (15.38%) received HIV prophylaxis; of which two (33.33%) did not receive baseline HIV testing. Of ten patients referred to immunology clinic for follow up only two (20.00%) attended at 6 months. Conclusion. We have identified groups that are at high risk of CANSI, including young males, security workers and cleaners. In the majority of cases protection against hepatitis B was inadequately provided, and a substantial proportion had inadequate baseline assessment and documentation. A guideline is suggested that may be used to improve these deficits. What is known about this topic? Occupationally acquired needle stick injury guidelines are well established, but no guidelines currently exist for community acquired needle stick injuries (CANSI) which may require different risk stratification, assessment and management. Management of CANSI in Emergency Departments has not been well described. What does this paper add? An audit of Emergency Department management of community acquired needle stick injuries demonstrates deficits in risk assessment, documentation and use of post-exposure immunisation and prophylaxis. A guideline is suggested that may be used to improve these deficits. What are the implications for practitioners? Practitioners need to perform and document a risk assessment of the injury, perform baseline serology, and provide tetanus and hepatitis B immunisation. Use of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis is determined by local prevalence of disease, injury risk assessment, source serology if known, and time since injury.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a custom-made natural tooth powder on oral hygiene status of children: A randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Sharath Asokan ◽  
◽  
Geetha Priya PR ◽  
Sudhandra Viswanath ◽  
B Kesavaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Group I ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Natural Tooth

Aim: To evaluate antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant properties of custom-made natural tooth powder and the effectiveness of custom-made natural tooth powder on the oral hygiene status of children. Methodology: Antibacterial and antifungal properties were determined by agar diffusion method against Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans and antioxidant properties were determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) assay. Clinical trial included 60 children aged 8 to 11 years. Oral prophylaxis was done and after a washout period of 10 days, baseline Simplified Oral Hygiene index (OHI-S) scores, plaque scores and Streptococcus mutans colony counts were recorded. Children were randomly divided into two groups: Group I children brushed with custom-made natural tooth powder and Group II children used commercially available natural tooth powder twice daily. At the end of 30 days, post intervention data was collected and statistically analyzed. Results: In-vitro trial showed that the custom-made natural tooth powder exhibited both antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Intragroup assessment of clinical trial showed significant reduction in the OHI-S [Group I (p=0.03), Group II (p=0.01)] plaque scores [Group I (p=0.05), Group II (p=0.006)] and Streptococcus colony counts [Group I (p=0.000), Group II (p=0.000)] in both the groups. But there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The newer custom-made natural tooth powder is effective in oral hygiene maintenance and can be a possible alternative to the commercially available natural tooth powder.

scholarly journals A study on needle stick injuries among health care workers in a tertiary care hospital in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humaira Bashir ◽  
Syed Shuja Qadri
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries

Background: Needle stick injury among health workers is regarded as an occupational hazard. Health care workers are at risk of having blood-borne diseases in case they are exposed to blood and other biological samples of the patients. Moreover, staff including doctors working in tertiary care hospitals has high work load which results in increased chances of getting these injuries. The aim and objectives of this study were to find out the prevalence of needle stick injury among different categories of health care workers. Authors also aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices associated with it.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study design to know the prevalence of needle stick injury among various health care workers of Karpagam Faculty of Medical Sciences and Research, a tertiary level care hospital in Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India. A total of 250 health care workers were selected for the study purpose. A self-designed, semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire was used to assess the prevalence of needle stick injuries and the factors associated with it.Results: A majority of health care workers (94%) knew about needle stick injury and 92% were aware that HIV can be transmitted through needle stick injury, 78.4% and 69.65% were aware of Hepatitis-B and Hepatitis-C transmission respectively. About 28.4% of subjects had encountered needle stick injury in their past. Furthermore, it was found that type of exposure and place of exposure was significantly associated with different categories of health care workers (p <0.001).Conclusions: Prevention of health workers against needle stick injury is the best possible way to prevent several bloods borne diseases. There should be a prevention programme which special focus on training of health care workers. Further strategies aiming at preventive measures and reporting of the Needle stick injuries accidents should be made compulsory among health care workers.

scholarly journals NEEDLE STICK INJURIES;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Suneel Kumar Punjabi ◽  
Munir Ahmed Banglani ◽  
Priya - ◽  
Nayab Mangi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Training ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries ◽  
Surgery Department

Objectives: To evaluate the concepts & handling of needle stick injuries amongjunior dentists of city Hyderabad. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Setting:Dental House Surgeons & Postgraduates. Period: June 2015 to January 2016. Methodology:The study population of 200 dentists were included working either in civil or private settingsof Hyderabad, Sindh. Questionnaire designed to obtain information about their concepts andhandling regarding NSIs. Results: 75(37.5%) of them were working in Oral Surgery department,53(26.5%) in Operative dentistry, 35(17.5%) in Orthodontics, 22(11%) in Periodontology, and15(7.5%) in Prosthodontics. 77(38.5%) had idea about transmission of Hepatitis B, 89(44.5%)about Hepatitis C, & 34(17%) about HIV/AIDS by NSI. 168(84%) had knowledge aboutuniversal precautions guidelines, 16(8%) use safety devices to dispose used sharp objects.189(94.5%) had faced NSIs ever. 97(48.5%) had knowledge about post exposure prophylaxisin the management of needle stick injury. 37(18.5%) had said that they will contact to medicalemergency room if they expose to NSI, 32(16%) will contact to oral surgery department,53(26.5%) will consult with their physician & 78(39%) said that they will manage themselves.Conclusion: this study confirm that junior dentists of Hyderabad experience the NSIs but arenot liable to report them, therefore they necessitate the improvement in clinical training forpreventing & reporting all NSIs. Through Support, counseling and tutoring by their OccupationalHealth Department.

scholarly journals A study on knowledge, attitude, practice and prevalence of needle stick injuries among health care workers in a tertiary care hospital of Assam

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2031
Author(s):  
Jurimoni Gogoi ◽  
Sultana Jesmin Ahmed ◽  
Hiranya Saikia ◽  
Ratna Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries

Background: The objective of study was to determine prevalence of needle stick injuries among health care workers in a tertiary care hospital of Assam and to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices on needle stick injuries among them.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from June 2016 to August 2016 amongst health care workers of a tertiary care centre of Assam. Sample size was calculated to be 90. A total of 10 departments were selected purposively based on their magnitude of risk exposure and the required sample size was allocated proportionally among these 10 departments. The required numbers of health workers from each of the ten departments were selected by using simple random sampling. A predesigned and pretested proforma was used to collect the data. Data were presented in terms of percentages and significance was tested using chi-square and Fisher’s exact test.Results: Prevalence of needle stick injury among the health workers was found to be 21.1%. Regarding spread of diseases after an accidental needle stick injury, 100% were aware of HIV, 98.9% were aware of Hepatitis B and 67.8% were aware of Hepatitis C. Regarding their attitude to report to in-charge medical officer, only 21.1% had reported about their injury. Around 58.9% of health care workers used gloves regularly for prevention of such injuries. Practice of recapping among the health care workers was 66.7% and out of total needle stick injuries, recapping contributed to 26.3%. While considering sharp waste disposal, 37.8% health care workers did not follow proper waste disposal guidelines. Only 26.3% of health care workers had done screening for HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis B after their injury.Conclusions: There is a need to have a pre-employment training to improve the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding accidental needle stick injuries among the health care workers. 

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SMOKING ON ORAL HYGIENE PARAMETERS IN ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-163
Author(s):  
I. Lisetska ◽  
M. Rozhko
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Impact

Recent studies have shown that the prevalence of dental diseases is remaining high among the population. It is known that the pathogenesis of dental diseases is strongly associated with smoking. Maintaining proper oral hygiene is an important factor in the prevention of dental diseases. Therefore, the question of studying the impact of smoking on the oral hygiene status in adolescents and young adults is quite relevant as it can promote further development of more effective preventive measures. The aim of the study is to examine the effect of smoking on the oral hygiene parameters in adolescents and young adults. Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (Green-Vermillion, 1964) was applied to assess the oral hygiene status in 114 adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 24 years, who were divided into groups: group I included 26 people who smoked traditional cigarettes on regular basis; group II included 22 people who smoked electronic cigarettes (Vapes); group III involved 23 people who used to smoke tobacco heating devices (IQOS); group IV included 43 non-smokers. The subjects of group I were found to have an unsatisfactory oral hygiene status, their OHI-S index was equal to 1.77 ± 0.02 scores. The subjects of group II demonstrated 1, 53±0, 01 scores, and the subjects of group III – 1.46±0.02 scores that corresponds to a satisfactory level of hygiene. The subjects of group IV, whose oral hygiene status was also satisfactory, had 0.87±0.03 scores. The study has shown that the state of oral hygiene is affected by smoking of traditional cigarettes or alternative smoking devices and smoking duration. Therefore, much attention should be paid and more efforts should be applied to promote smoking cessation and to elaborate the algorithm of medical and preventive dental care for those who is still smoking.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Of Spread of HIV Infection through Needle Stick Injury among Dental Paramedics

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 039-041
Author(s):  
Nidarsh Hegde ◽  
Freddy Kersi Mistry ◽  
Soumi Samuel ◽  
S. M. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Survey Form ◽  
Paramedical Staff ◽  
Standing Order ◽  
Knowledge Practice ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries

Abstract Aim: Study was conducted to know the knowledge of the paramedics working at Dental Institute, regarding spread of HIV infection through needle stick injury. Their current practice for the management of needle stick injury and their attitude for the same. Materials and Method : 100 paramedical staff working in a Dental Institute were selected randomly to participate in the study. Each one of the participant were requested to fill a structured survey form prepared by the surveyor reflecting their knowledge, practice and attitude of spread of HIV infection through needle stick injury. Results : The statistical analysis revealed the 92% of the paramedical staff knows what HIV infection is and that it can be spread through needle stick injury irrespective of their academic background. 42% of the paramedics have experienced needle stick injury, among which 95% have experienced 1-2 times a year. 61% of the needle stick injury have been reported by the paramedics with majority of them reporting to the head of the department followed by colleagues. According to the survey 95% of the paramedics followed the correct post injury protocol even though only 90% of them knew how to manage it correctly. 88% of the paramedics have been educated regarding the management of needle stick injury through the programme they have attended conducted by their respective institution. Conclusion : This survey revealed that knowledge of paramedics about the risk association of spread of HIV infection with needle-stick injuries and use of preventive measures was adequate. A standing order procedure (SOP) which if formulated regarding needle-stick injuries should be further encouraged by the head of the respective departments especially to those who have newly joined the institution to obtain still better safety measures.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF DIFFERENT ORAL HYGIENE AIDS FOR THE REDUCTION OF MORNING BAD BREATH AMONG DENTAL STUDENTS: A CROSSOVER CLINICAL TRIAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-533
Author(s):  
Shaijal Godha ◽  
Pralhad L Dasar ◽  
Sandesh N ◽  
Prashant Mishra ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
P Value ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bad Breath ◽  
Group Ii

Background and aim. To assess and compare the effects of different oral hygiene procedures on the reduction of morning bad breath, plaque and gingival status in healthy subjectsMethods. A four step cross-over trial was performed on 32 study subjects. They were allocated into four groups: Group I: tooth brushing; Group II: tooth brushing and tongue scraping; Group III: tooth brushing and mouth washing; and Group IV: tooth brushing, tongue scraping and use of mouthwash. A washout interval of 7 days was employed. At the beginning and at the end of all intervention periods, breath score was measured by hand held sulfide monitor (Breath Alert) at four time intervals. The Plaque and Gingival status was evaluated using Plaque and Gingival Index.Results. The highest reduction in mean breath score (2.12±0.65), plaque score (0.75±0.47) and gingival score (0.67±0.41) were found in the Group IV followed by Group II and Group III. A significant positive correlation was observed between plaque scores and gingival scores before intervention (r=0.443; p value<0.001) and after intervention (r=0.846; p value<0.001).Conclusion. The study findings suggest that mechanical aids in conjunction with chemical regimens are considered as the most effective method for reducing the morning bad breath in healthy subjects and should be incorporated in daily oral hygiene practices.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Effectiveness of Home Remedies for Toothbrush Decontamination using Vinegar and Vinegar with Common Salt

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Arathi Rao ◽  
Vinay Mavani ◽  
Karuna Y Mahabala ◽  
Ethel Suman ◽  
P Anupama Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Home Remedies ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
White Vinegar

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate if vinegar and vinegar with 3.5% sodium chloride could be used as an alternative to chlorhexidine gluconate for disinfection of toothbrushes. Materials and methods The study consisted of three groups: group I: 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate, group II: 38% white vinegar, and group III: 38% white vinegar with 3.5% sodium chloride. Two new toothbrushes were cultured to check their sterility before use. Eight children in the age group of 6 to 12 years were given oral hygiene instructions and four sets of oral hygiene kits. At the end of the 1st week, one set of used toothbrushes was cultured to check for total viable count. Again at the end of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th weeks, the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th sets of brushes were collected, subjected to respective decontamination treatment for 12 hours, and then cultured for microbial analyses. The obtained data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Results In group I, three out of eight brushes showed 1 to 10,000 colonies, in group II, one out of eight cases showed >10,000 colonies and two out of eight showed 1 to 10,000 colonies, and in group III, all the eight cases showed no colonies upon culturing. Conclusion Out of all the tested decontaminating agents, combination of 38% white vinegar and 3.5% sodium chloride was found to be the most efficient. Clinical significance Toothbrushes become contaminated upon use and act as a reservoir for microorganisms. Thus, toothbrush decontamination should become a routine practice. Testing the disinfecting efficacy of vinegar and common salt is, thus, beneficial as they are available in every kitchen. How to cite this article Mavani V, Mahabala KY, Suman E, Natarajan S, Nayak PA, Srikrishna SB, Rao A. Evaluation of Effectiveness of Home Remedies for Toothbrush Decontamination using Vinegar and Vinegar with Common Salt. World J Dent 2018;9(1):19-23.

scholarly journals Assessment of Oral Hygiene in Patients Using Fixed and Removable Dentures Treated at the University Dental Clinic in Krakow

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11986
Author(s):  
Joanna Ryniewicz ◽  
Magdalena Orczykowska ◽  
Krzysztof Gronkiewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Pihut
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The University ◽  
Dental Prosthetics

Apart from local lesions, the presence of dental plaque may also have an effect on health, especially in people with general diseases. The aim of this project was to assess the oral hygiene of patients prosthetically treated at the Dental Prosthetics Clinic of the University Dental Clinic in Krakow (Poland) using fixed and removable dentures and to determine the demographic relationships and data related to the education of the respondents. The research material consisted of 120 patients who used fixed (group I) and removable (group II) restorations. Basic dental examinations and oral hygiene examinations were carried out with the use of the API (Approximal Plaque Index) and PI (Plaque Index) plaque indices. This study presents the percentage of respondents in terms of sex, place of residence, and education. The mean PI (plaque index) values were 46.73% (Group I) and 50.05% (Group II). (p = 0.4839). The mean values of API (Approximal Plaque Index) amounted to 65.14% (Group I) and 68.94% (Group II) (p = 0.4695). Patients using dentures showed insufficient oral hygiene, and the hygiene status of patients did not depend on the type of dentures used. The group that is most often treated with prosthetics is women with secondary education. The most numerous group of patients at the Dental Prosthetics Clinic are people living in large cities which results from easier access to health care.

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