scholarly journals Production of high purity 52gMn from natV targets with α beams at cyclotrons

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Colombi ◽  
Mario Carante ◽  
Francesca Barbaro ◽  
Luciano Canton ◽  
Andrea Fontana
Keyword(s):  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Production Route ◽  
Precise Evaluation ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Cost Implications ◽  
Very High ◽  
Production Channel

Abstract BackgroundRadioisotope 52g Mn is of special interest for multimodal imaging (PET/MRI) applications and the main production route is based on proton/deuteron beams on Chromium (natural/enriched) targets. Using state-of-art nuclear reaction codes (Talys, Empire and Fluka), we perform a comparative study with the alternative 52g Mn production with the reaction nat V(α,x) 52g Mn. ResultsThis production channel, novel in the context of medical applications, provides a good source of 52g Mn, where very high radionuclidic purity can be maintained up to 3 weeks. Since nat V consists already of 99.75% 51 V , there is no need of enriched target material and the corresponding high-cost implications. The production of the main long-lived contaminants, i:e: 53 Mn and 54 Mn, is considered with care and the integral yields of the reactions are compared with the alternative production routes. Specifically, the production of the 54 Mn contaminant, which could be the most dangerous for clinical applications, turns out to be lower when compared with the natural Chromium target. ConclusionsThis channel turns out competitive with respect to the other considered production routes. The study also reveals poor accuracy of the relevant cross-section data set and indicates that better data and theoretical descriptions are needed for a precise evaluation of nat V(α,x) 52g Mn.

scholarly journals MEASURING THE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF COUNTRIES BY CODAS AND TOPSIS METHODS: G7 GROUP COUNTRIES EXAMPLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (59) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Environmental Performance Index ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Very High

With the awareness of their environmental performance, countries can provide strategies and policies to improve their environmental performance. Thus, countries can contribute to their own economic development by increasing their environmental performance. Therefore, measuring the environmental performance of countries is of great importance. Environmental performance of countries can be measured by the Environmental Performance Index (EPI). EPI consists of two factors, environmental health and ecosystem vitality. Its factors are environmental protection components, and environmental protection components are environmental protection variables. In this context, the research has two purposes. The first of these,To measure the latest and up-to-date environmental performances of the G7 group countries for 2018, using CODAS and TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDM) over the values of EPI components. The second is to determine which MCDM method can be used to explain the EPI values of countries the most. According to the findings, the ranking of countries' environmental performance with the CODAS method was determined as England, France, Japan, Germany, Canada, Italy and the USA. According to the TOPSIS method, this ranking was determined as England, France, Germany, Japan, Canada, Italy and the USA. According to another finding, it has been observed that there is a significant, positive and very high relationship between the EPI values of the countries and the values measured by the CODAS and TOPSIS methods. According to this result, it was evaluated that EPI can be explained by both methods. In addition, it has been concluded that the correlation value between TOPSIS values of EPI within the scope of the research is higher than the CODAS method, so it can be explained better with the TOPSIS method compared to the EPI CODAS method. In the literature, in order not to find a study measuring the environmental performance of countries with CODAS and TOPSIS methods, it was evaluated that the study in question contributed to the literature, since the findings obtained as a result of the research became a data set for future studies. Keywords: Environmental Performance, Environmental Performance Index, CODAS, TOPSIS

scholarly journals UTTARAKHAND COVID-19 CASES AND DEATHS: COMPARING THE DEMOGRAPHICS AND SUGGESTIVE STRATEGY TO PREVENT SIMILAR PANDEMICS IN FUTURE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Joshi ◽  
Akshara Pande ◽  
Omdeep Gupta ◽  
Anoop Nautiyal ◽  
Sanjay Jasola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Set Covering ◽  
World Bank Group ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Bank Group ◽  
Very High ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions ◽  
Analyze Data

Coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) is causing a dramatic impact on human life worldwide. As of June 11 2021, later one has attributed more than 174 million confirmed cases and over 3.5 million deaths globally. Nonetheless, a World Bank Group flagship report features Covid-19 induced global crisis as the strongest post-recession since World WarII. Currently, all approved therapeutics or vaccines are strictly allowed for emergency use. Hence, in the absence of pharmaceutical interventions, it is vital to analyze data set covering the growth rates of positive human cases, number of recoveries, other factors, and future strategies to manage the growth of fatal Covid-19 effectively. The Uttarakhand state of India is snuggled in the lap of the Himalayas and occupies more people than Israel, Switzerland, Hong Kong, etc. This study analyzed state Covid-19 data, fetched from an authenticated government repository using Python 3.9 from April 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021. The highest recovery rate was attributed to the hilly district Rudraprayag. The analysis also revealed that a very high doubling rate was seen during the last week of May to the first week of Jun 2020. At last, based on this blueprint, we have suggested 6-points solutions for preventing the next pandemic.

Comparison of PV potential models for africa and their potential cost implications.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold Wasike ◽  
Catherina Cader
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Potential Models ◽  
Photo Voltaic ◽  
Cost Implications

<p>We currently have more than 7500 planned mini grids, most of them in Africa. These will soon connect more than 27 million people and cost about 12 billion dollars <sup>[1]</sup>. Africa is in a good position for Photo voltaic (PV) mini grid optimization, receiving more than 1800 KWh/m<sup>2</sup> Global Horizontal Irradiation (GHI) every year <sup>[2]</sup>, for most parts of the continent. However, the lack of a coordinated renewable energy monitoring and distribution network works against optimization of PV potential models <sup>[3]</sup>. This study shows the accuracy of existing photo voltaic potential estimators like renewables ninja <sup>[3]</sup>, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), and the global solar atlas <sup>[2]</sup>, by comparing the modeled values with long term measurements from ground solar stations. This is done for more than 20 stations distributed over Africa. Our results show best correlations <sup>[4]</sup> of up to 65.3% from version 2 of the Surface Radiation Data Set from Heliosat (SARAH) derived from the Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS). However, we also have correlations as low as 16.2% for models commonly used in off grid simulations. The sensitivities of the modeled cost of a mini grid to the variation in PV potential were tested <sup>[5][6]</sup> using the statistical range in sourced PV potential from the different estimators, giving us cost variation of more than 2.8% that may arise from the different sources.</p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>1. World Bank, ESMAP - Mini grids for half a billion people</p><p>2. https://globalsolaratlas.info/map</p><p>3. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.08.060</p><p>4. Wikipedia contributors. (2021, January 7). Pearson correlation coefficient. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 09:00, January 20, 2021, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pearson_correlation_coefficient&oldid=998963119</p><p>5. Cader. 2018</p><p>5. Hoffmann. 2019</p><p>7. https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.03.0062</p>

Collecting training data to map forest management at global scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myroslava Lesiv ◽  
Dmitry Schepaschenko ◽  
Martina Dürauer ◽  
Marcel Buchhorn ◽  
Ivelina Georgieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The World ◽  
Very High

<p>Spatially explicit information on forest management at a global scale is critical for understanding the current status of forests for sustainable forest management and restoration. Whereas remotely sensed based datasets, developed by applying ML and AI algorithms, can successfully depict tree cover and other land cover types, it has not yet been used to depict untouched forest and different degrees of forest management. We show for the first time that with sufficient training data derived from very high-resolution imagery a differentiation within the tree cover class of various levels of forest management is possible.</p><p>In this session, we would like to present our approach for labeling forest related training data by using Geo-Wiki application (https://www.geo-wiki.org/). Moreover, we would like to share a new open global training data set on forest management we collected from a series of Geo-Wiki campaigns. In February 2019, we organized an expert workshop to (1) discuss the variety of forest management practices that take place in different parts of the world; (2) generalize the definitions for the application at global scale; (3) finalize the Geo-Wiki interface for the crowdsourcing campaigns; and (4) build a data set of control points (or the expert data set), which we used later to monitor the quality of the crowdsourced contributions by the volunteers. We involved forest experts from different regions around the world to explore what types of forest management information could be collected from visual interpretation of very high-resolution images from Google Maps and Microsoft Bing, in combination with Sentinel time series and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) profiles derived from Google Earth Engine (GEE). Based on the results of this analysis, we expanded these campaigns by involving a broader group of participants, mainly people recruited from remote sensing, geography and forest research institutes and universities.</p><p>In total, we collected forest data for approximately 230 000 locations globally. These data are of sufficient density and quality and therefore could be used in many ML and AI applications for forests at regional and local scale.  We also provide an example of ML application, a remotely sensed based global forest management map at a 100 m resolution (PROBA-V) for the year 2015. It includes such classes as intact forests, forests with signs of human impact, including clear cuts and logging, replanted forest, woody plantations with a rotation period up to 15 years, oil palms and agroforestry. The results of independent statistical validation show that the map’s overall accuracy is 81%.</p>

Grenadiers of the World Oceans: Biology, Stock Assessment, and Fisheries

2008 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Species Checklist ◽  
The World ◽  
Depth Ranges ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Very High

<em>Abstract.</em>—Extensive trawling efforts off Taiwan, supplemented by collections from trawlers’ harvest at several local fishing harbors, have raised the total number of Taiwan’s grenadier fishes to 71 species in 18 genera and 3 families. Despite a relatively limited coastline (500 nautical miles), the species diversity in Taiwan is very high. The largest genus <em>Coelorinchus </em>(formerly known as <em>Caelorinchus</em>) is represented by 21 species, followed by <em>Ventrifossa </em>with 8, and <em>Nezumia </em>with 6. All other genera had five or fewer representatives. Five species were described based on specimens from Taiwan, and two of them, <em>Coelorinchus leptorhinus </em>and <em>C. sheni, </em>have not been reported elsewhere. A total of 33 species and 10 genera are newly recorded from Taiwan; these were collected only within the past two years. Because the maximum depth trawled only reached about 2,000 m in this study, it should be expected that more deeper-water grenadiers will be found in the future. Our depth-distribution data-set of collected specimens and depth ranges from 55 stations were insufficient to effectively separate the species into groups using multivariate statistical analysis. However, the factors influencing grenadier species composition in this study still can be recognized as per the following sequence: water depth, geographical region, and type of net. The vertical distribution of grenadiers in Taiwan appears to have a separation at 600 m and 1000 m. An annotated species checklist with ASIZP cataloged specimens documenting Taiwan distributions, and detailed collecting information, including body size, location, and depth range are provided.

scholarly journals A Complete Cross Section Data Set for Electron Scattering by Pyridine: Modelling Electron Transport in the Energy Range 0–100 eV

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6947
Author(s):  
Filipe Costa ◽  
Ali Traoré-Dubuis ◽  
Lidia Álvarez ◽  
Ana I. Lozano ◽  
Xueguang Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Double Differential Cross Section ◽  
Transmission Experiment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Section Data

Electron scattering cross sections for pyridine in the energy range 0–100 eV, which we previously measured or calculated, have been critically compiled and complemented here with new measurements of electron energy loss spectra and double differential ionization cross sections. Experimental techniques employed in this study include a linear transmission apparatus and a reaction microscope system. To fulfill the transport model requirements, theoretical data have been recalculated within our independent atom model with screening corrected additivity rule and interference effects (IAM-SCAR) method for energies above 10 eV. In addition, results from the R-matrix and Schwinger multichannel with pseudopotential methods, for energies below 15 eV and 20 eV, respectively, are presented here. The reliability of this complete data set has been evaluated by comparing the simulated energy distribution of electrons transmitted through pyridine, with that observed in an electron-gas transmission experiment under magnetic confinement conditions. In addition, our representation of the angular distribution of the inelastically scattered electrons is discussed on the basis of the present double differential cross section experimental results.

The Basic Control Chart Pattern Recognition Neural Network

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 1042-1045
Author(s):  
Xu An Qiao ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Control Diagram ◽  
Recognition Success ◽  
Control Chart Pattern ◽  
Very High ◽  
Performance Pattern

The pattern recognition process control diagram, this paper puts forward a new method of training neural network. It only needs a small training data set can complete this work. This method is also compatible with the training algorithm, and get a better network performance. Pattern recognition success rate is very high in the larger parameter range, but also has some comparability.

scholarly journals Data set of Arctic AVHRR imagery for the study of leads

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 398-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Fetterer ◽  
Jeffrey Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Data Center ◽  
Image Data ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Naval Research ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Office Of Naval Research ◽  
Research Initiative ◽  
Microwave Imager ◽  
Avhrr Imagery ◽  
Very High

Under the Office of Naval Research-sponsored Arctic Leads Accelerated Research Initiative (ARI), a data set of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) imagery covering the years 1988 through 1992 is being constructed. Relatively cloud-free imagery is selected from image hardcopies. Each image examined is subjectively ranked on the percentage of each sea or seas it covers, and the cloudiness of the image within each sea. The images are then logged in a spreadsheet. From the spreadsheet, about 20 images per month (for the year 1989) are ordered from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for processing. The image data are calibrated and mapped to one of two grids, which together cover most of the Arctic at 1 km per pixel. Care has been taken to match the grid and the projection to that of Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) data distributed by the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). The 1989 data set is complete at this time. Presently, data are distributed to the Remote Sensing Working Group of the ARI. NSIDC will distribute the data set to a wider audience at a later date.

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