Hypertension Outcomes of Adrenalectomy for Unilateral Primary Aldosteronism

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate laboratory and clinical results after unilateral adrenalectomy in patients with primary aldosteronism (PHA).Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from patients who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for PHA, between January 2008 and December 2019. Surgical indications were based on adrenal venous sampling without ACTH stimulation. Analyses included patient demographics; preoperative clinical, pharmacological, laboratory, and radiological data; and postoperative results assessed after a median of 4 months. Antihypertensive drug use was quantified by estimating the daily defined dose (DDD) of antihypertensive medication, thus enabling standardised comparison of dosage between the drug classes. Statistical assessments included univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: This study enrolled 87 patients. The patients were taking 5.4 DDD of antihypertensive medication before surgery, and 3.0 DDD after surgery. In 45 cases (52%), the aldosterone-to-renin ratio normalized after surgery (“laboratory cured”), while 21 patients (24%) required no antihypertensive drugs after surgery (“clinically cured”). Among the 66 patients who were not clinically cured, 51 (77%) had a reduction of their DDD. Thus, surgery had a positive effect on hypertension control in 72 cases (83% of all enrolled patients). Multivariable logistic regression showed that clinical cure of hypertension was independently associated with female gender, absence of diabetes mellitus, and DDD < 4.Conclusion: A majority of patients undergoing unilateral adrenalectomy for PHA achieved markedly improved hypertension control, despite almost halving their antihypertensive medication. About a quarter of patients were cured and able to cease using all antihypertensive drugs.

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Prevalence and Determinants of Fertility Desire Among HIV-positive Women in Rwanda in the Context of Improved Life Expectancy: A Statistical Analysis of Cross-Sectional Data

10.21203/rs.3.rs-105991/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

François Niragire ◽

Celestin Ndikumana ◽

Marie Gaudence Nyirahabimana ◽

Dieudonne Uwizeye

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Scale Up ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Fertility Desire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

Hiv Positive Women

Abstract Background: The knowledge of the key determinants of fertility desire among people living with HIV/AIDS is crucial for the design of efficient maternal and child health care programs. However, such determinants are not well understood in the context of a successful scale-up of antiretroviral therapy in Rwanda. The present study aim was to assess fertility desire among HIV- positive women and its determinants in Rwanda.Methods: Data were extracted from the 2015 Rwanda demographic health survey (RDHS) for 243 HIV-positive women of reproductive age. Univariate and multivariable based variable selection as well as multivariable logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results: The prevalence of desire to have another child in HIV-positive women was as high as 40.7%. Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that the woman’s age, number of her living children, woman’s employment status, and having a co-wife are significant determinants of fertility desire among HIV- positive women in Rwanda. Women younger than 25 years, with no living child, who were unemployed or who had at least a co-wife were associated with greater odds of desire to have another child in the future than other HIV- positive women.. Conclusion: There is a need to devise integrated programs and services that are tailored to support HIV-positive women in planning their fertility, and controlling HIV transmission to their prospective children. Efficient policy and fertility interventions among WLHA in Rwanda should target young women, especially those living with partners and have fewer children than they prefer.

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Anaemia Prevalence and Contributory Factors among Children in Uttarakhand, India

Asian Journal of Medicine and Health ◽

10.9734/ajmah/2020/v18i230184 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 41-51

Author(s):

Shweta Suri ◽

Anuradha Dutta ◽

Rita Singh Raghuvanshi ◽

Anupama Singh ◽

C. S. Chopra

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

History Of

Background: In India, Anaemia among children is still one of the major nutritional problems of public health concern. Aim of the Study: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of anaemia among Anganwadi children (3-6 years of age) and to determine the important risk factors associated with anaemia. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted among 390 Anganwadi children of Udham Singh Nagar district of Uttarakhand, during April, 2019- August, 2019. Methodology: In this cross sectional study, data on socio-demographic, socioeconomic, hygiene and dietary practices were collected using a self-structured questionnaire. Hemoglobin (Hb) and anthropometric measurements were carried out. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Results: A majority, 70.54% of the Anganwadi children were found to be anaemic, with higher prevalence among male children (51.30%) as compared to female children (48.70%). The mean hemoglobin concentration of children was 9.91 (±1.9 g/dl). Stunting was higher among males (54.83%) as compared to females (45.17%).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that anaemia was significantly associated with monthly income of family AOR (95% CI) 3.25(2.49, 4.00), mother's illiteracy AOR (95% CI) 1.98 (1.49, 2.46), history of anaemia in mother AOR (95% CI) 1.60(0.67, 2.52 ), history of worms in child's stool AOR (95% CI) 3.17(2.26,4.03), barefoot walking AOR (95% CI) 3.08(2.11,4.04) and lack of habit of hand washing AOR (95% CI) 1.55(0.98, 2.11). Conclusion: The prevalence of anaemia among children was high. Iron supplementation, nutrition education among mothers and overall personal hygiene are important to ameliorate their iron status.

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Nearly one-in-five mothers avoid colostrum in North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2021.97 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Misgan Legesse Liben ◽

Nigus Bililign Yimer ◽

Fentaw Wassie Feleke

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Child Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Timely Initiation ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

North Wollo

Abstract Colostrum contains antibodies that protect the newborn against disease. Despite this fact, many Ethiopian mothers see colostrum feeding as a cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. These mothers believe that colostrum must discard to alleviate this effect. However, the cause of this misconception about colostrum was not well researched, particularly in this study area. The main aim of the present study was to assess colostrum avoidance and associated factors among mothers having children aged 6–59 months in North Wollo Zone, Northeastern Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study design was used. Descriptive statistics, binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used for the statistical analysis. The prevalence of colostrum avoidance was 19 % (95 % CI 15⋅03, 22⋅89 %) among mother–child pair aged 6–59 months. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the most important predictors were breast-feeding initiation Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 6⋅369; 95 %, Confidence Interval (CI) (3⋅067, 13⋅224), pre-lacteal feeding AOR 3⋅464; 95 % CI (1⋅721, 6⋅973), shared household decision about child feeding AOR 3⋅585; 95 % CI (1⋅563, 7⋅226), Index child sex AOR 2⋅103; 95 % CI (1⋅015, 4⋅358) and health facility delivery AOR 3⋅033; 95 % CI (1⋅293, 7⋅117). The colostrum avoidance in the present study was 19 %. The study recommends the promotion of institutional delivery, timely initiation of breast-feeding, the shared household decisions about child feeding, avoiding sex preferences and stopping pre-lacteal feeding were critically important.

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Occupational exposures and symptoms of hearing loss among traffic police wardens, Karachi Pakistan.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.12.6472 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 1817-1823

Author(s):

Muhammad Kamran Khan ◽

Mohammed Akram ◽

Naushad Nizam ◽

Mohammad Mairaj Khan ◽

Aneeta Khoso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Data Entry ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Occupational Exposures ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Traffic Police ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

Objective: To assess the frequency and association of symptoms of hearing loss among traffic police wardens. Study Design: Observational (Cross-sectional) study. Setting: Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: January to June 2019. Material & Methods: Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to employ 181 traffic police wardens. A self-administered questionnaire translated into the Urdu language was used. Written informed consent was taken from the participants. IBM SPSS Statistics version 22 was used for the data entry and analysis. Frequencies were determined of socio-demographic data. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to assess the factors associated with tinnitus. Results: Most of the traffic police wardens were young (mean age: 29.96 years), non-smokers (95%), having a matriculate degree (49.7%). Around 97.8% documented working in noisy places; 98.3% of the wardens did not use any hearing protection devices during work, while 98.9% stated that they never had a hearing test. Multivariable logistic regression showed strong inverse associations of tinnitus with lower education levels, longer duration of work, working in a noisy area, and experiencing sudden noise exposures in their lifetime. Conclusion: Traffic police wardens are exposed to loud noise during work, exhibiting the deleterious health impacts of occupational exposure. This workforce needs to be educated regarding the deleterious impacts of occupational noise pollution, the importance and use of personal protective equipment. Further research is warranted using more quantitative assessment.

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A cross-sectional study to estimate the frequency of anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus-1 antibodies in domestic pigs of Mossoró region in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20151098 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (9) ◽

pp. 1607-1612 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Igor Renan Honorato Gatto ◽

Andreia Gonçalves Arruda ◽

Henrique Meiroz de Souza Almeida ◽

Glaucenyra Cecília Pinheiro da Silva ◽

Alexandro Iris Leite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Neutralization Assay ◽

Correlated Data ◽

The State ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Diarrhea Virus ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the occurrence of antibodies for BVDV-1 in swine herds located in the region of Mossoró city of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. A sample size of 412 animals was estimated assuming unknown prevalence (set at 50%). Virus neutralization assay was used to the detect the presence of antibodies for BVDV-1 and the results found were analysed using multivariable logistic regression model. The obtained prevalence was 4% at animal level and 45% at the animal and herd level. The titers were highly variable between animals and within farms. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed an association between being housed outside and exposure to BVDV-1 (OR=0.24, 95% CI:0.06, 0.96, P=0.04). Highly correlated data and low prevalence of antibodies at the animal level resulted in insufficient power to detect significant differences with other selected risk factors. In conclusion, the prevalence is within the range reported for other countries.

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Demographics and Epidemiology of Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Elbow Among Children and Adolescents

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967118815846 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 232596711881584 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jeffrey I. Kessler ◽

John C. Jacobs ◽

Peter C. Cannamela ◽

Jennifer M. Weiss ◽

Kevin G. Shea

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽

Race And Ethnicity ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

Population Based ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the elbow is a disorder of subchondral bone and articular cartilage, of which the incidence among children is not clearly known. Purpose: To assess the demographics and epidemiology of OCD of the elbow among children. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective chart review of an integrated health system for the years 2007 through 2011 was performed for patients with elbow OCD aged 2 to 19 years. Lesion location, laterality, and all patient demographics were recorded. OCD incidence was determined for the group as a whole as well as by sex and age group (2-5, 6-11, 12-19 years). Patient differences based on age, sex, and ethnicity were analyzed, and multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the risk of elbow OCD by group. Results: A total of 37 patients with 40 OCD lesions fit the inclusion criteria. No lesion was found among 2- to 5-year-olds. A majority of lesions (n = 39, 97.5%) were in the capitellum, and 1 (2.5%) was in the trochlea. Twenty-five patients (67.6%) had right-sided lesions; 9 (24.3%), left-sided; and 3 (8.1%), bilateral. The incidence of elbow OCD for patients aged 6 to 19 years was 2.2 per 100,000 overall and 3.8 and 0.6 per 100,000 for males and females, respectively. The majority of OCD cases were seen in those aged 12 to 19 years, with an incidence of 3.4 per 100,000 versus 0.38 among 6- to 11-year-olds. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a 21.7-times increased odds ratio of elbow OCD among patients aged 12 to 19 years versus 6 to 11 years, and males had a 6.8-times greater odds ratio of elbow OCD than females ( P < .0001 for both). Based on race and ethnicity, non-Hispanic whites had the highest incidence of elbow OCD as compared with all other ethnic groups. Conclusion: In this population-based cohort study of pediatric elbow OCD, males had almost 7 times the risk of elbow OCD as compared with females, and 12- to 19-year-olds had nearly 22 times the risk of elbow OCD versus 6- to 11-year-olds. In keeping with many prior studies, the majority of patients had right-sided lesions.

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Higher Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) and Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI) Were Independently Associated with Increased Risks of Hypertension in Patients with T2DM: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1155/2021/8887944 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Weijuan Su ◽

Guobing Chen ◽

Danyan Ma ◽

Jinyang Zeng ◽

Fangfang Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Oxygen Desaturation ◽

Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Desaturation Index ◽

Oxygen Desaturation Index ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

Objective. The current study aimed to explore the relationship between OSAS and hypertension and whether polysomnography (PSG) indices were independently associated with hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods. This study recruited 316 T2DM patients. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the independent association of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) with hypertension with adjustment for potential confounders. Results. Among 316 patients, 130 (41.1%) and 204 (64.6%) had hypertension and OSAS, respectively. T2DM patients with hypertension showed significantly increased levels of AHI ((median (interquartile range)): 17.2 (5.7–34.9) vs. 5.7 (2.1–17.3) events/hour, p < 0.001), nonrapid eye movement AHI (NREM-AHI) (17.6 (5.5–36.5) vs. 5.2 (2.2–16.6) events/hour, p < 0.001), ODI (48.4 (21.9–78.0) vs. 22.6 (10.8–48.1) events/hour, p < 0.001), and severities of OSAS and decreased levels of lowest SaO2 ((mean ± standard deviation): 74.0 ± 10.4 vs. 77.3 ± 9.8, p = 0.004). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that higher levels of AHI, NREM-AHI, and ODI were significantly associated with increased risks of hypertension, and the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI were 1.026 (1.008–1.044, p = 0.004), 1.026 (1.009–1.044, p = 0.003), and 1.005 (1.001–1.010, p = 0.040), respectively. Compared with non-OSAS, severe OSAS was significantly associated with the risk of hypertension with the adjusted OR (95% CI) of 3.626 (1.609–8.172, p = 0.002), but associations of rapid eye movement AHI (REM-AHI) and lowest SaO2 with hypertension were not statistically significant. Conclusion. Increased AHI, NREM-AHI, ODI, and severities of OSAS were significantly associated with higher risks of hypertension in T2DM patients. Detection and treatment of OSAS are needed to prevent hypertension in T2DM patients.

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Formula Feeding and Associated Factors among Mothers with Infants 0-6 Months Old in Mettu Town, South West Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-965060/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abeza Mitiku

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Cesarean Delivery ◽

Positive Attitude ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Formula Feeding ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Maternal Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

Abstract Background Adequate nutrition during infancy is essential for the normal development and future wellbeing of the child. Despite the fact that breast milk is optimal nutrition for infants during the first six months of life, the duration of breastfeeding has been declining and being replaced by formula feeding particularly in urban communities of developing countries including Ethiopia. However, relatively little information is available regarding formula feeding in Ethiopia; particularly in Mettu town. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Mettu town from May, 17 to July 1, 2021, among 366 mothers with infants 0-6 months old. A simple random sampling technique was employed. Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Descriptive statics and multivariable logistic regression were performed, and variables with a p-value <0.05 in the final model were declared statistically significant with formula feeding. Result The prevalence of formula feeding among the study participants was 28.4%, 95% [CI: 24.0-33.0]. In multivariable logistic regression analysis primparity [AOR=3.3, 95% CI:(1.71-6.26)], cesarean delivery [AOR=2.6, 95% CI:(1.28-5.35)], initiation of breastfeeding after 24hrs [AOR=3.7,95% CI:(1.24-10.05)] employed mothers [AOR=2.4, 95% CI:(1.29-4.49] poor knowledge [AOR=2.6, 95%CI:(1.49-4.73)] and positive attitude toward formula feeding [AOR= 2.4, 95% CI: (1.27-4.84)] were significantly associated with formula feeding. Conclusion About one-third of mothers were formula feeding their infant. Primi parity, initiation of breast milk after 24hrs, cesarean delivery, and poor maternal knowledge and positive attitude were significantly associated with formula feeding. Hence, education on infant feeding for pregnant and lactating mothers, and supporting primipara mothers and as well as mothers who deliver by cesarean section should be implemented at health facility and community level.

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Factors associated with anxiety and depression in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a cross-sectional study

Advances in Rheumatology ◽

10.1186/s42358-021-00223-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Miyabi Uda ◽

Motomu Hashimoto ◽

Ryuji Uozumi ◽

Mie Torii ◽

Takao Fujii ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

Abstract Background The management of anxiety and depression symptoms in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients is vital. Previous study findings on this topic are conflicting, and the topic remains to be thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to clarify the association of RA disease activity with anxiety and depression symptoms after controlling for physical disability, pain, and medication. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of RA patients from the XXX Rheumatoid Arthritis Management Alliance cohort. We assessed patients using the Disease Activity Score (DAS28), Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Anxiety and depression symptoms were defined by a HADS score ≥ 8. We analyzed the data using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results Of 517 participants, 17.6% had anxiety symptoms and 27.7% had depression symptoms. The multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that DAS28 was not independently associated with anxiety symptoms (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval; CI] 0.93 [0.48–1.78]; p = 0.82) and depression symptoms (OR [95% CI] 1.45 [0.81–2.61]; p = 0.22). However, DAS28 patient global assessment (PtGA) severity was associated with anxiety symptoms (OR [95% CI] 1.15 [1.02–1.29]; p = 0.03) and depression symptoms (OR [95% CI] 1.21 [1.09–1.35]; p < 0.01). Additionally, HAQ-DI scores ≤ 0.5 were associated with anxiety symptoms (OR [95% CI] 3.51 [1.85–6.64]; p < 0.01) and depression symptoms (OR [95% CI] 2.65 [1.56–4.50]; p < 0.01). Patients using steroids were more likely to have depression than those not using steroids (OR [95% CI] 1.66 [1.03–2.67]; p = 0.04). Conclusions No association was found between RA disease activity and anxiety and depression symptoms in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Patients with high PtGA scores or HAQ-DI scores ≤ 0.5 were more likely to experience anxiety and depression symptoms, irrespective of disease activity remission status. Rather than focusing solely on controlling disease activity, treatment should focus on improving or preserving physical function and the patient’s overall sense of well-being.

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913Factors of premature atrial contractions among general Japanese men

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sabrina Ahmed ◽

Katsuyuki Miura ◽

Takashi Hisamatsu ◽

Aya Kadota ◽

Akira Fujiyoshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Median Number ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Japanese Men ◽

Heart Rates ◽

Rate Difference ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

Relevant Factors

Abstract Background Premature atrial contractions (PACs) are known predictor of atrial fibrillation; however very little has been revealed on its factors among Asian general population. We assessed the frequency of higher PAC counts and its association with relevant factors in general Japanese men. Methods We have conducted a population based cross sectional study among 517 healthy men from Kusatsu, Japan, aged between 40 and 79 years. 24 hours Holter electrocardiogram was performed to assess the PAC frequency. We divided participants into quartiles based on number of PACs/hour to compare the characteristics by using Cochran–Mantel–Hanzal test and ANOVA. We defined the highest quartile as event and multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the significance with relevant factors. Results Median number of PACs was 2.84 PACs/hour. The highest quartile of PAC counts was >7.86PACs/hour. Age, triglycerides, blood pressure, ventricular contractions and heart rates were different among quartiles. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher age (OR, 95% CI: 1.35, 1.01-1.67), lower mean heart rates (OR, 95% CI: 0.97, 0.94-0.99), higher heart rate difference in a day (OR, 95% CI: 1.40, 1.12-1.75) and lower triglyceride (OR, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.33-0.82) were independently, significantly associated with highest quartile of PACs. Conclusions Higher PACs evaluated by Holter ECG was associated with higher age, lower heart rate, higher heart rate difference, and lower triglyceride in general Japanese men. Key messages The PAC frequency was high. Age, mean heart rates, difference between maximum and resting heart rates, triglycerides are possible risk factors for frequent PAC counts.

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