scholarly journals Airborne Environmental DNA Metabarcoding Detects More Diversity, More Efficiently, Than a Traditional Plant Community Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Johnson ◽  
Robert D Cox ◽  
Mohamed Fokar ◽  
Matthew A Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Entire Plant ◽  
Time Required ◽  
First Time

Abstract BackgroundAirborne environmental DNA (eDNA) research is an emerging field that focuses on the detection of species from their genetic remnants in the air. The study of airborne eDNA of plants has until now focused on single species detection, with no previous studies examining the entire plant community through metabarcoding. We therefore conducted airborne eDNA metabarcoding and compared the results to a traditional plant community survey.ResultsOver the course of a year, we conducted two traditional transect-based visual plant surveys alongside a yearlong airborne eDNA sampling campaign on a short-grass rangeland. We found that airborne eDNA detected more species than the traditional surveying method, although the types of species detected varied based on the method used. Airborne eDNA detected more grasses and forbs with less showy flowers, while the traditional method detected fewer grasses but also detected rarer forbs with large showy flowers. Additionally, we found the airborne eDNA method to be more efficient in terms of the time required to conduct a survey and able to detect more invasive species than traditional methods.ConclusionsOverall, we have demonstrated for the first time that airborne eDNA can act as a sensitive and efficient plant community surveying method. Airborne eDNA surveillance has the potential to revolutionize the way plant communities are monitored in general, track changes in plant communities due to climate change and disturbances, and assist with the monitoring of invasive and endangered species.

scholarly journals Airborne environmental DNA metabarcoding detects more diversity, with less sampling effort, than a traditional plant community survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Johnson ◽  
Mohamed Fokar ◽  
Robert D. Cox ◽  
Matthew A. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Human Health Impacts

Abstract Background Airborne environmental DNA (eDNA) research is an emerging field that focuses on the detection of species from their genetic remnants in the air. The majority of studies into airborne eDNA of plants has until now either focused on single species detection, specifically only pollen, or human health impacts, with no previous studies surveying an entire plant community through metabarcoding. We therefore conducted an airborne eDNA metabarcoding survey and compared the results to a traditional plant community survey. Results Over the course of a year, we conducted two traditional transect-based visual plant surveys alongside an airborne eDNA sampling campaign on a short-grass rangeland. We found that airborne eDNA detected more species than the traditional surveying method, although the types of species detected varied based on the method used. Airborne eDNA detected more grasses and forbs with less showy flowers, while the traditional method detected fewer grasses but also detected rarer forbs with large showy flowers. Additionally, we found the airborne eDNA metabarcoding survey required less sampling effort in terms of the time needed to conduct a survey and was able to detect more invasive species than the traditional method. Conclusions Overall, we have demonstrated that airborne eDNA can act as a sensitive and efficient plant community surveying method. Airborne eDNA surveillance has the potential to revolutionize the way plant communities are monitored in general, track changes in plant communities due to climate change and disturbances, and assist with the monitoring of invasive and endangered species.

scholarly journals Influence of invasive flora species on the ecosystem of the Russian Far East

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012151
Author(s):  
Yu Vinogradova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Invasive Flora ◽  
Alien Flora ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
First Time

Abstract For the first time, based on the revision of herbarium collections, the resettlement of alien flora faction species in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) was divided into four stages. Of the 117 invasive species of the Far Eastern Federal District, 47 ones were registered for the first time before the construction of the Trans Siberian railway, i.e. at the turn of the 1900s, 30 - from 1900 to World War II, 29 - from 1940 to 1980, i.e. before the targeted study of the alien flora faction, and 11 - from 1980 to the present. The data on scientists who played a key role in the study of the flora of the Far Eastern Federal District is presented. Seven species are only beginning to invade natural plant communities, 88 species are actively invading natural plant communities and 22 species belong to the “transformers”, which actively invade themselves into natural and seminatural communities, change the physiognomy of ecosystems, disrupt succession links, forming large single-species dense stands and force out and (or) obstruct the reproduction of aborigine species.

scholarly journals Environmental DNA metabarcoding: Transforming how we survey animal and plant communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 5872-5895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristy Deiner ◽  
Holly M. Bik ◽  
Elvira Mächler ◽  
Mathew Seymour ◽  
Anaïs Lacoursière‐Roussel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding

Sampling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Taberlet ◽  
Aurélie Bonin ◽  
Lucie Zinger ◽  
Eric Coissac
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Study ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Freshwater Streams ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Target Dna ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Storage Methods

Sampling is crucial to any ecological study. Chapter 4 “Sampling” aims at proving keys for a successful sampling campaign when using DNA metabarcoding. It first describes the origin, fate, and transport of environmental DNA in various environments, from freshwater streams to soils, and discusses the implication of the DNA cycle in the environment for answering ecological questions. The chapter presents guidelines to appropriately sample the target DNA population and maximize the representativeness of the retrieved ecological signal. Different sampling strategies at the level of the sampling area and sampling units are proposed for different environmental matrices and ecological questions. Sample storage methods maximizing the preservation of environmental DNA are also discussed.

Plant community associations and complexes of associations in the Lithuanian seashore: retrospective on the studies and tragic fate of the botanist Dr Abromas Kisinas (1899-1945)

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
Jonas Remigijus Naujalis ◽  
Radvilė Rimgailė-Voicik
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Concentration Camp ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
Community Associations ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
First Time

The life and scientific activities and discoveries of Dr Abromas Kisinas (1899–1945, also appearing in the literature as Avraham, Abraham, Kisin or Kissin) are presented here for the first time. He was a botanist, a Lithuanian, a graduate of Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas, a polyglot and a social figure. In 1936, Kisinas’ major phytosociological work “Plant Associations and Complexes of Associations in Lithuanian Seaside (without Klaipėda Region)” was published in the Works of Vytautas Magnus University Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences. The publication was written in Lithuanian with a summary in German and summarized Kisinas’ PhD dissertation, which was defended in 1934 under the supervision of Prof. Constantin Regel. In his research, Kisinas applied ideas proposed by the Uppsala School of Phytosociology. For plant communities evaluation he used linear transects with 1 m2, 4 m2 and 16 m2 sampling squares. In a 15 km seashore range Kisinas determined 63 plant community associations and 26 sub-associations. The fate of this gifted scientist was tragic. In 1941 he and his family were deported to the Kaunas Ghetto. In 1945 Kisinas died at the Dachau concentration camp in Germany.

Temporal dynamics of mycorrhizal fungal communities and co-associations with grassland plant communities following experimental manipulation of rainfall

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coline Deveautour ◽  
Sally Power ◽  
Kirk Barnett ◽  
Raul Ochoa-Hueso ◽  
Suzanne Donn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Rainfall Regimes

Climate models project overall a reduction in rainfall amounts and shifts in the timing of rainfall events in mid-latitudes and sub-tropical dry regions, which threatens the productivity and diversity of grasslands. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi may help plants to cope with expected changes but may also be impacted by changing rainfall, either via the direct effects of low soil moisture on survival and function or indirectly via changes in the plant community. In an Australian mesic grassland (former pasture) system, we characterised plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities every six months for nearly four years to two altered rainfall regimes: i) ambient, ii) rainfall reduced by 50% relative to ambient over the entire year and iii) total summer rainfall exclusion. Using Illumina sequencing, we assessed the response of AM fungal communities sampled from contrasting rainfall treatments and evaluated whether variation in AM fungal communities was associated with variation in plant community richness and composition. We found that rainfall reduction influenced the fungal communities, with the nature of the response depending on the type of manipulation, but that consistent results were only observed after more than two years of rainfall manipulation. We observed significant co-associations between plant and AM fungal communities on multiple dates. Predictive co-correspondence analyses indicated more support for the hypothesis that fungal community composition influenced plant community composition than vice versa. However, we found no evidence that altered rainfall regimes were leading to distinct co-associations between plants and AM fungi. Overall, our results provide evidence that grassland plant communities are intricately tied to variation in AM fungal communities. However, in this system, plant responses to climate change may not be directly related to impacts of altered rainfall regimes on AM fungal communities. Our study shows that AM fungal communities respond to changes in rainfall but that this effect was not immediate. The AM fungal community may influence the composition of the plant community. However, our results suggest that plant responses to altered rainfall regimes at our site may not be resulting via changes in the AM fungal communities.

Mosses and lichens of Shokalsky Island (Kara Sea, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area)

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Beldiman ◽  
I. N. Urbanavichene ◽  
V. E. Fedosov ◽  
E. Yu. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Lichenicolous Fungi ◽  
South West ◽  
West Part ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nenets Autonomous ◽  
Made In

We studied in detail a moss-lichen component of Shokalsky Island vegetation for the first time and identified 79 species of mosses and 54 species and 2 subspecies of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. All species of mosses and 23 species and 2 subspecies of lichens and lichenicolous fungi are recorded for the first time for the island. The study is based on collections made in South West part of the island, in arctic tundra. We also explored the participation of the mosses and lichens in the main types of plant communities and the species distribution in 10 ecotopes. The paper describes the noteworthy findings (Abrothallus parmeliarum, Aongstroemia longipes, Arthonia peltigerea, Caloplaca caesiorufella, Catillaria stereocaulorum, Ceratodon heterophyllus, Lecanora leptacinella, Sphagnum concinnum, S. olafii) and features of bryo- and lichenoflora of Shokalsky Island.

Sphagnum mosses (Sphagnaceae, Bryophyta) of mires Chefandzar and Masota in North Ossetia (Caucasus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Doroshina ◽  
I. A. Nikolajev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
The Other ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Ossetia

Sphagnum mires on the Greater Caucasus are rare, characterized by the presence of relict plant communities of glacial age and are in a stage of degradation. The study of Sphagnum of Chefandzar and Masota mires is carried out for the first time. Seven species of Sphagnum are recorded. Their distribution and frequency within the North Caucasus are analyzed. Sphagnum contortum, S. platyphyllum, S. russowii, S. squarrosum are recorded for the first time for the study area and for the flora of North Ossetia. The other mosses found in the study area are listed.

New associations of the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea in the in Southern Nechernozemie region of Russia

2014 ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
A. D. Bulokhov
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
New Associations ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
Small Sites ◽  
First Time ◽  
Podzol Soils

3 new associations, distributed in the Southern Nechernozemie of Russia, are described for the first time with use of the Braun-Blanquet approach: Poo angustifoliae–Arrhenatheretum elatioris, Festuco pratensis–Leucanthemetum vulgaris, Trifolio ar­ven­si–Rumicetum thyrsiflori. The synecological amplitudes of humidity, acidity and soil richness by mineral nitrogen of the associations are defined. Communities of ass. Poo angustifoliae–Arrhenatheretum elatioris are distributed on the flat slopes of ravines on the dry, subacidic, grey wood loamy soils moderately rich by mineral nitrogen. Communities of ass. Festuco pratensis–Leucanthemetum vulgaris are distributed on fresh, subacidic, rather poor in mineral nitrogen grey and dark grey wood loamy soils on the fallow lands of various age within landscapes of loess plateau; on sod-podzolic loamy, sandy and subsandy soils within landscapes of fluvioglacial loamy and moraine-outwash plains. They can meet occasionally on grey wood loamy soils. Communities of the Potentilla argentea var. are distributed on grey and dark grey wood loamy soils on the fallow lands within landscapes of loess plateau. Communities of the Medicago lupulina var. are distributed on sod-podzolic loamy, sandy and subsandy subacidic, rather poor in mineral nitrogen soils on the fallow lands of various age. They may occur in the small sites on the continental meadows or along highways. Occasionally these plant communities can be found on grey wood loamy soils. Communities of ass. Trifolio arvensi–Rumicetum thyrsiflori are distributed on raised sites on gentle-wavy outwash or moraine-outwash plains on dry and moderately sour, poor by mineral nitrogen easily sandy and sandy podzol soils. For the estimation of a homotoneity of established syntaxa the index of homotoneity of H.Passarge (1979) is used. The ass. Poo angustifoliae–Arrhenatheretum elatioris is characteristic by the high homogenetic variability. Totally, association’s index of homotoneity is high — 0.52. The low index of a homotoneity is characteristic for аss. Festuco pratensis–Leucanthemetum vulgaris — 0.35, for the Potentilla argentea var. — 0.33 and Medicago lupulina var. — 0.44. Following associations have a low index of the homotoneity: аss. Trifolio arvensi–Rumicetum thyrsiflori — 0.33, as in subass. T.a.–R.th. typicum— 0.33, and in subass. T.a.–R.th. helichrysetosum arenarii — 0.44. Such low indexes of a homotoneity are characteristic for semiruderal and serial commu­nities.

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