scholarly journals The Effects of Landscape Structure and Stand-Scale Factors on Dendroctonus Valens Damage Under Disturbance Conditions in North China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyi Zhan ◽  
Lixia Wang ◽  
Linfeng Yu ◽  
Lili Ren ◽  
Yizhou Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
North China ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Dendroctonus Valens ◽  
Scale Factors ◽  
Beetle Damage

Abstract Background In recent years, the red turpentine beetle (Dendroctonus valens, RTB), an invasive pest species has spread northward along the distribution of pine forests, forming a potential threat to healthy pine forests in North China. Previous studies have shown that natural (e.g., fire) and human (e.g., felling) disturbances can significantly promote bark beetle damage. However, few studies have considered the effect of multi-scale factors on bark beetle damage under disturbance conditions. Here, we investigated RTB damage (entrance holes) in 98 forest stands with and without disturbance (fire or stolen felling) in the Heilihe National Nature Reserve, Inner Mongolia, which is considered to be in the early stage of RTB outbreak. We assessed the effects of forest landscape structure (forest proportion and host connectivity) and stand-scale characteristics on RTB damage under different disturbance conditions (presence or absence). In addition, we also explored the effects of fire and stolen felling disturbance on RTB damage and the significant differences between them. Result Disturbance (i.e., fire and stolen felling) could significantly promote the occurrence of RTB and there was no significant difference between the two types of disturbance. In the absence of disturbance, small stand-scale factors (i.e., aspect and canopy cover) played important roles in the prediction of RTB damage. In the presence of disturbance, forest proportion within a radius of 250 m was the main factor affecting RTB invasion. Higher forest coverage could reduce the migration of RTB from the surrounding environment to the disturbance area, thus reducing RTB damage. In addition, we observed a positive relationship between elevation and RTB invasion. Conclusion Landscape structure and stand-scale factors had different effects on RTB invasion under different disturbance conditions. This study not only provides new insights into understanding the roles played by multi-scale factors in RTB damage but also assists in the implementation of pest management programs.

scholarly journals Effects of Forest Structure On Dendroctonus Valens Damage Under Natural and Human Disturbances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyi Zhan ◽  
Lixia Wang ◽  
Linfeng Yu ◽  
Lili Ren ◽  
Youqing Luo
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Dendroctonus Valens ◽  
Scale Factors ◽  
Beetle Damage

Abstract Background In recent years, the red turpentine beetle (Dendroctonus valens, RTB), an invasive pest species has spread northward along the distribution of pine forests, forming a potential threat to healthy pine forests in North China. Previous studies have shown that natural (e.g., fire) and human (e.g., felling) disturbances can significantly promote bark beetle damage. However, few studies have considered the effect of forest landscape structure on bark beetle damage under disturbance conditions. Here we used generalized linear models and generalized linear mixed models to explore the effects of multi-scale factors on RTB damage under different disturbance conditions (presence or absence) in 109 forest stands in the Heilihe National Nature Reserve, Inner Mongolia. Result Disturbance (i.e., fire and stolen felling) could significantly promote the occurrence of RTB. In the absence of disturbance, small-scale stand factors (i.e., aspect and canopy density) played important roles in the prediction of RTB damage. In the presence of disturbance, forest landscape structure (i.e., forest isolation) was the main factor affecting RTB invasion. Conclusion In the presence of disturbance, the forest structure played an important role in the process of the diffusion of RTB from the surrounding habitat to the disturbance. This study, which emphasizes the potential importance of forest landscape structure on RTB spread, not only provides new insights into understanding the roles of large-scale factors but also assists in the implementation of pest management programs.

scholarly journals Landscape-Level And Stand-Level Factors Play Diverse Roles During Different Periods of Dendroctonus Valens Invasion In North China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyi Zhan ◽  
Lili Ren ◽  
Linfeng Yu ◽  
Zhiwen Guo ◽  
Yujie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Invasive Pest Species ◽  
Landscape Level

Abstract In recent years, the red turpentine beetle (RTB), an invasive pest species, has caused extensive pine mortality in North China. Although some studies have theoretically clarified the interference mechanism of multi-level factors with the development of RTB damage, knowledge about this mechanism from the empirical research is still limited. The aim of this study was to determine whether the primary factors influencing RTB occurrence change during different periods of RTB invasion. Stand-level variables of sample plots were obtained through field investigation and the forest resource survey data including forest stand characteristics, topographic characteristics, and soil properties. Remote sensing classified images were to develop the characteristic variables related to landscape composition and configuration around the sample plots at multiple scales. Generalized linear models (GLMs) and generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were used to explore the relative importance of stand-level and landscape-level variables in explaining the severity of RTB damage. Result showed that two stand-level factors, aspect and canopy density, were the best predictors of damage in the early stage of RTB invasion. The landscape-level factor, the proportion of Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) patches, was the main predictor of damage in the middle stage of RTB invasion. The most effective spatial scale at which RTB responded to landscape pattern was 250 m. With the increasing severity of RTB damage, the factors driving RTB invasion have shifted from the stand-level to the landscape-level. This calls for an urgent consideration of multi-scale processes to address the changing disturbance regimes in ecosystem management.

DISTRIBUTION OF THE SMALL SPRUCE BARK BEETLE IPS AMITINUS (EICHHOFF, 1872) IN WESTERN SIBERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
I. A. Kerchev ◽  
S. A. Krivets ◽  
E. M. Bisirova ◽  
N. A. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Spruce Bark Beetle ◽  
Pine Nut ◽  
Spruce Bark ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour ◽  
Siberian Pine

The data on distribution of small spruce bark beetle Ips amitinus (Eichh.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), a new invasive pest of European origin on the territory of Western Siberia are presented. Alien bark beetle species was recorded in the Siberian pine forests of the Tomsk, Kemerovo and Novosibirsk regions. According to the modern data the total invasion range is more than 30 thousand km² with a tendency to further expansion. The number outbreaks of I. amitinus in Siberian pine forests near settlements, in nature preservations and plantations of Pinus sibirica Du Tour cause significant harm to pine-nut harvesting and selective breeding.

scholarly journals Distribution and attack behaviour of the red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens, recently introduced to China

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gao ◽  
X. Wen ◽  
H. Guan ◽  
M. Knížek ◽  
J. Žďárek
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Pinus Tabulaeformis ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Dendroctonus Valens ◽  
Attack Trees ◽  
First Time

The red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), was found for the first time in China in Yangcheng and Xinshui counties, Shanxi province in 1998, and in Hebei province in 1999. The beetle mostly attacks the oil pine Pinus tabulaeformis Carriére. By 2003 the beetle was found in 85 counties of three provinces in north China and the area of infested pine forests covered more than 700,000 ha. The elevation above sea level of forests infested is more than 800 m. The beetles most frequently attack trees on hilltops and at the forest edge, fewer attacks occur in the centre of the stand. This correlates with the damage done to the trees by wind or man. Weak and dying trees are more vulnerable to attack than healthy ones. The most attractive breeding sites are fresh stumps. The population density of the beetles is higher in the forests on northern slopes than on southern slopes. Most of the bores in the trunk are less than 0.5 m above ground; the galleries are found also on roots.

Westward Palaearctic range expansion of Papilio demoleus Linnaeus, 1758 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and its arrival at Mediterranean coastal regions of Turkey and Syria

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-272
Author(s):  
Onat Başbay ◽  
Mudar Salimeh ◽  
Eddie John
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
Invasive Pest Species ◽  
Papilio Demoleus

We review the continuing and extensive spread of Papilio demoleus in south-eastern Turkey and in regions of Turkey and Syria adjacent to the north-eastern Mediterranean. Since the authors documented the arrival of this attractive but potentially destructive papilionid species at coastal areas of Syria in 2019, regular monitoring has confirmed successful overwintering there, as well as in Turkey. As previously indicated, P. demoleus is widely recognized as an invasive pest species in Citrus-growing areas of the world and hence its arrival is of potential economic importance to a region in which citrus is widely grown.

scholarly journals Monitoring Bark Beetle Forest Damage in Central Europe. A Remote Sensing Approach Validated with Field Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Fernandez-Carrillo ◽  
Zdeněk Patočka ◽  
Lumír Dobrovolný ◽  
Antonio Franco-Nieto ◽  
Beatriz Revilla-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Forest Damage ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Damage Mapping ◽  
Beetle Damage ◽  
Forest Vitality ◽  
Sentinel 2

Over the last decades, climate change has triggered an increase in the frequency of spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) in Central Europe. More than 50% of forests in the Czech Republic are seriously threatened by this pest, leading to high ecological and economic losses. The exponential increase of bark beetle infestation hinders the implementation of costly field campaigns to prevent and mitigate its effects. Remote sensing may help to overcome such limitations as it provides frequent and spatially continuous data on vegetation condition. Using Sentinel-2 images as main input, two models have been developed to test the ability of this data source to map bark beetle damage and severity. All models were based on a change detection approach, and required the generation of previous forest mask and dominant species maps. The first damage mapping model was developed for 2019 and 2020, and it was based on bi-temporal regressions in spruce areas to estimate forest vitality and bark beetle damage. A second model was developed for 2020 considering all forest area, but excluding clear-cuts and completely dead areas, in order to map only changes in stands dominated by alive trees. The three products were validated with in situ data. All the maps showed high accuracies (acc > 0.80). Accuracy was higher than 0.95 and F1-score was higher than 0.88 for areas with high severity, with omission errors under 0.09 in all cases. This confirmed the ability of all the models to detect bark beetle attack at the last phases. Areas with no damage or low severity showed more complex results. The no damage category yielded greater commission errors and relative bias (CEs = 0.30–0.42, relB = 0.42–0.51). The similar results obtained for 2020 leaving out clear-cuts and dead trees proved that the proposed methods could be used to help forest managers fight bark beetle pests. These biotic damage products based on Sentinel-2 can be set up for any location to derive regular forest vitality maps and inform of early damage.

scholarly journals Effects of forest roads on Ips sexdentatus infestation in black pine forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 828
Author(s):  
Gonca Ece Özcan ◽  
Korhan Enez ◽  
Burak Arıcak
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Forest Roads ◽  
Forest Road ◽  
Ips Sexdentatus

Forest roads are important transportation equipment through forested areas in the rugged, mountainous terrain of northern Turkey. Forest roads harm forest ecosystems due to both the manner in which they are established and how they are used afterwards. Damage to trees that occur during road construction through forests stresses trees, which facilitates outbreaks of bark beetle populations. Bark beetles are significant risk to the health and productivity of Turkish pine forests and to pine forests worldwide. In particular, Ips sexdentatus (Boerner) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) is a particularly destructive species of bark beetle in Turkish forests. Their damage to coniferous trees threatens the sustainability of the forest ecosystems. This study primarily aims to assess the intensity of damage that I. sexdentatus inflicts on Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold stands relative to several parameters: the distance to the nearest forest road, aspect (shady - sunny), slope (0–15% or >15%), and other stand characteristics. In this study, we show how damage by an I. sexdentatus infestation in pure black pine stands varies with distance to forest roads and in situ edaphic factors. We sampled 45 plots (400 m2 each), slope, aspect and distances to the nearest forest road was determined using ArcGIS software and the region’s road network overlays. Results showed that trees located within 100 m from the nearest forest road were the most severely damaged ones. The intensity of I. sexdentatus damage was about 16% in a hectare. Trees that were in 16–20 cm diameter class were damaged more often. I. sexdentatus damage did not show any significant correlation with the slope, aspect or degree of canopy closure.

scholarly journals Highly variable COI haplotype diversity between three species of invasive pest fruit fly reflects remarkably incongruent demographic histories

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camiel Doorenweerd ◽  
Michael San Jose ◽  
Norman Barr ◽  
Luc Leblanc ◽  
Daniel Rubinoff
Keyword(s):  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Invasion Pathways ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Bactrocera Correcta ◽  
Invasive Pest Species ◽  
Source Populations

AbstractDistance decay principles predict that species with larger geographic ranges would have greater intraspecific genetic diversity than more restricted species. However, invasive pest species may not follow this prediction, with confounding implications for tracking phenomena including original ranges, invasion pathways and source populations. We sequenced an 815 base-pair section of the COI gene for 441 specimens of Bactrocera correcta, 214 B. zonata and 372 Zeugodacus cucurbitae; three invasive pest fruit fly species with overlapping hostplants. For each species, we explored how many individuals would need to be included in a study to sample the majority of their haplotype diversity. We also tested for phylogeographic signal and used demographic estimators as a proxy for invasion potency. We find contrasting patterns of haplotype diversity amongst the species, where B. zonata has the highest diversity but most haplotypes were represented by singletons; B. correcta has ∼7 dominant haplotypes more evenly distributed; Z. cucurbitae has a single dominant haplotype with closely related singletons in a ‘star-shape’ surrounding it. We discuss how these differing patterns relate to their invasion histories. None of the species showed meaningful phylogeographic patterns, possibly due to gene-flow between areas across their distributions, obscuring or eliminating substructuring.

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