A novel strain of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila produces super-active alkaline protease during cassava effluent fermentation: process optimization, kinetic modeling and scale-up

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atim Asitok ◽  
Maurice George Ekpenyong ◽  
Iquo Takon ◽  
Sylvester Antai ◽  
Nkpa Ogarekpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Protease ◽  
Shake Flask ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Substrate Consumption ◽  
Biomass Formation ◽  
Volumetric Rate

Abstract Microbial fermentations for value-added metabolites production are exploited for efficient bioconversion of agro-industrial wastes for the dual purposes of pollution abatement and cost-effectiveness. In the present study, the regular 2-level factorial design was employed to screen fermentation parameters that enhance production of a novel alkaline protease by a strain of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila using cassava processing effluent as substrate. Data from randomized experiments of central composite rotatable design for improved enzyme activity, guided by path of steepest ascent experiments, were modeled and optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Shake flask kinetics of production under optimized conditions was modeled by logistic and modified Gompertz models and determinations of maximum specific growth rate, µmax, maximum volumetric rate of substrate consumption, rsm, maximum volumetric rate of biomass formation, rxm and specific yield of product, Yp/x were made. Logistic model poorly fitted RSM-generated product formation and substrate consumption data. However, biomass formation was accurately fitted (adjusted r2 >99%), with µmax of 0.471 h-1. The modified Gompertz model, on the contrary, more accurately fitted all three major response data with minimal mean squared error. Potential for scale-up of bioprocess evaluated in 5-L bioreactor satisfactorily revealed 8.5-fold more substrate consumption in bioreactor than in shake flask. The 86.76-fold aqueous two-phase system-purified protease had a specific activity of 1416.73 Umg-1 which improved with increasing surfactant concentration. These results suggest significant bioprocess potential for sustainable cassava effluent management and concomitant commercial production of alkaline protease for industrial detergent application.

scholarly journals A Novel Strain of Stenotrophomonas Acidaminiphila Produces Super-active Alkaline Protease During Cassava Effluent Fermentation: Process Optimization, Kinetic Modeling and Scale-up

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atim Asitok ◽  
Maurice George Ekpenyong ◽  
Iquo Takon ◽  
Sylvester Antai ◽  
Nkpa Ogarekpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Protease ◽  
Shake Flask ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Substrate Consumption ◽  
Biomass Formation ◽  
Volumetric Rate

Abstract PurposeMicrobial fermentations for value-added metabolites production are exploited for efficient bioconversion of agro-industrial wastes for the dual purposes of pollution abatement and cost-effectiveness.MethodsIn the present study, the regular 2-level factorial design was employed to screen fermentation parameters that enhance production of a novel alkaline protease by a strain of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila using cassava processing effluent as substrate. Data from randomized experiments of central composite rotatable design for improved enzyme activity, guided by path of steepest ascent experiments, were modeled and optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Shake flask kinetics of production under optimized conditions was modeled by logistic and modified Gompertz models and determinations of maximum specific growth rate, µmax, maximum volumetric rate of substrate consumption, rsm, maximum volumetric rate of biomass formation, rxm and specific yield of product, Yp/x were made.ResultsLogistic model poorly fitted RSM-generated product formation and substrate consumption data. However, biomass formation was accurately fitted (adjusted r2 >99%), with µmax of 0.471 h-1. The modified Gompertz model, on the contrary, more accurately fitted all three major response data with minimal mean squared error. Potential for scale-up of bioprocess evaluated in 5-L bioreactor satisfactorily revealed 8.5-fold more substrate consumption in bioreactor than in shake flask. The 86.76-fold aqueous two-phase system-purified protease had a specific activity of 1416.73 Umg-1 which improved with increasing surfactant concentration.ConclusionThese results suggest significant bioprocess potential for sustainable cassava effluent management and concomitant commercial production of alkaline protease for industrial detergent application.

scholarly journals What Is New in the Field of Industrial Wastes Conversion into Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Bacteria?

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1731
Author(s):  
Paulina Marciniak ◽  
Justyna Możejko-Ciesielska
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
Pha Production ◽  
The Cost

The rising global consumption and industrialization has resulted in increased food processing demand. Food industry generates a tremendous amount of waste which causes serious environmental issues. These problems have forced us to create strategies that will help to reduce the volume of waste and the contamination to the environment. Waste from food industries has great potential as substrates for value-added bioproducts. Among them, polyhydroxyalkanaotes (PHAs) have received considerable attention in recent years due to their comparable characteristics to common plastics. These biodegradable polyesters are produced by microorganisms during fermentation processes utilizing various carbon sources. Scale-up of PHA production is limited due to the cost of the carbon source metabolized by the microorganisms. Therefore, there is a growing need for the development of novel microbial processes using inexpensive carbon sources. Such substrates could be waste generated by the food industry and food service. The use of industrial waste streams for PHAs biosynthesis could transform PHA production into cheaper and more environmentally friendly bioprocess. This review collates in detail recent developments in the biosynthesis of various types of PHAs produced using waste derived from agrofood industries. Challenges associated with this production bioprocess were described, and new ways to overcome them were proposed.

scholarly journals Location of Biorefineries Based on Olive-Derived Biomass in Andalusia, Spain

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3052
Author(s):  
Diego Cardoza ◽  
Inmaculada Romero ◽  
Teresa Martínez ◽  
Encarnación Ruiz ◽  
Francisco J. Gallego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstock ◽  
Olive Stones

A biorefinery integrated process based on lignocellulosic feedstock is especially interesting in rural areas with a high density of agricultural and agro-industrial wastes, which is the case for olive crop areas and their associated industries. In the region of Andalusia, in the south of Spain, the provinces of Jaén, Córdoba and Seville accumulate more than 70% of the olive wastes generated in Spain. Therefore, the valorisation of these wastes is a matter of interest from both an environmental and a social point of view. The olive biorefinery involves a multi-product process from different raw materials: olive leaves, exhausted olive pomace, olive stones and olive tree pruning residues. Biorefinery processes associated with these wastes would allow their valorisation to produce bioenergy and high value-added renewable products. In this work, using geographic information system tools, the biomass from olive crop fields, mills and olive pomace-extracting industries, where these wastes are generated, was determined and quantified in the study area. In addition, the vulnerability of the territory was evaluated through an environmental and territorial analysis that allowed for the determination of the reception capacity of the study area. Then, information layers corresponding to the availability of the four biomass wastes, and layers corresponding to the environmental fragility of the study area were overlapped and they resulted in an overall map. This made it possible to identify the best areas for the implementation of the biorefineries based on olive-derived biomass. Finally, as an example, three zones were selected for this purpose. These locations corresponded to low fragility areas with a high availability of biomass (more than 300,000 tons/year) in a 30 km radius, which would ensure the biomass supply.

scholarly journals Status Update on Bioelectrochemical Systems: Prospects for Carbon Electrode Design and Scale-Up

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Katharina Herkendell
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Biofuel Cells ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Electrode Design ◽  
Bioelectrochemical Systems ◽  
Electrode Assemblies ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Scientific Attention

Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) employ enzymes, subcellular structures or whole electroactive microorganisms as biocatalysts for energy conversion purposes, such as the electrosynthesis of value-added chemicals and power generation in biofuel cells. From a bioelectrode engineering viewpoint, customizable nanostructured carbonaceous matrices have recently received considerable scientific attention as promising electrode supports due to their unique properties attractive to bioelectronics devices. This review demonstrates the latest advances in the application of nano- and micro-structured carbon electrode assemblies in BES. Specifically, in view of the gradual increase in the commercial applicability of these systems, we aim to address the stability and scalability of different BES designs and to highlight their potential roles in a circular bioeconomy.

scholarly journals Valorization of secondary feedstocks from the agroindustry by selective catalytic oxidation to formic and acetic acid using the OxFA process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Ponce ◽  
Stefanie Wesinger ◽  
Daniela Ona ◽  
Daniela Almeida Streitwieser ◽  
Jakob Albert
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gaseous Oxygen ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
Selective Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Major Interest

AbstractThe selective oxidative conversion of seven representative fully characterized biomasses recovered as secondary feedstocks from the agroindustry is reported. The reaction system, known as the “OxFA process,” involves a homogeneous polyoxometalate catalyst (H8PV5Mo7O40), gaseous oxygen, p-toluene sulfonic acid, and water as solvent. It took place at 20 bar and 90 °C and transformed agro-industrial wastes, such as coffee husks, cocoa husks, palm rachis, fiber and nuts, sugarcane bagasse, and rice husks into biogenic formic acid, acetic acid, and CO2 as sole products. Even though all samples were transformed; remarkably, the reaction obtains up to 64, and 55% combined yield of formic and acetic acid for coffee and cocoa husks as raw material within 24 h, respectively. In addition to the role of the catalysts and additive for promoting the reaction, the influence of biomass components (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) into biogenic formic acid formation has been also demonstrated. Thus, these results are of major interest for the application of novel oxidation techniques under real recovered biomass for producing value-added products. Graphical abstract

Optimization of Aqueous Two Phase Extraction of Proteins from Litopenaeus Vannamei Waste by Response Surface Methodology Coupled Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Saravana Pandian ◽  
S. Sindhanai Selvan ◽  
A. Subathira ◽  
S. Saravanan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm

Abstract Waste generated from industrial processing of seafood is an enormous source of commercially valuable proteins. One among the underutilized seafood waste is shrimp waste, which primarily consists of head and carapace. Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei) is the widely cultivated shrimp in Asia and contributes to 90 % of aggregate shrimp production in the world. This work was focused on extraction as well as purification of value-added proteins from L. vannamei waste in a single step aqueous two phase system (ATPS). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and trisodium citrate system were chosen for the ATPS owing to their adequate partitioning and less toxic nature. Response surface methodology (RSM) was implemented for the optimization of independent process variables such as PEG molecular weight (2000 to 6000), pH (6 to 8) and temperature (25 to 45 °C). The results obtained from RSM were further validated using a Multi-objective genetic algorithm (MGA). At the optimized condition of PEG molecular weight 2000, pH 8 and temperature 35 °C, maximum partition coefficient and protein yield were found to be 2.79 and 92.37 %, respectively. Thus, L. vannamei waste was proved to be rich in proteins, which could be processed industrially through cost-effective non-polluting ATPS extraction, and RSM coupled MGA could be a potential tool for such process optimization.

scholarly journals Enhanced production of taxadiene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnaz Nowrouzi ◽  
Rachel Li ◽  
Laura E. Walls ◽  
Leopold d’Espaux ◽  
Koray Malci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Shake Flask ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
List Type ◽  
Taxadiene Synthase ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractCost-effective production of the highly effective anti-cancer drug, paclitaxel (Taxol®), remains limited despite growing global demands. Low yields of the critical taxadiene precursor remains a key bottleneck in microbial production. In this study, the key challenge of poor taxadiene synthase (TASY) solubility in S. cerevisiae was revealed, and the strains were strategically engineered to relieve this bottleneck. Multi-copy chromosomal integration of TASY harbouring a selection of fusion solubility tags improved taxadiene titres 22-fold, up to 57 ± 3 mg/L at 30 °C at shake flask scale. The scalability of the process was highlighted through achieving similar titres during scale up to 25 mL and 250 mL in shake flask and bioreactor cultivations, respectively. Maximum taxadiene titres of 129 ± 15 mg/L and 119 mg/L were achieved through shake flask and bioreactor cultivation, respectively, of the optimal strain at a reduced temperature of 20 °C. The results highlight the positive effect of coupling molecular biology tools with bioprocess variable optimisation on synthetic pathway development.HighlightsMaximum taxadiene titre of 129 ± 15 mg/L in Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 20 °CIntegrating fusion protein tagged-taxadiene synthase improved taxadiene titre.Consistent taxadiene titres were achieved at the micro-and mini-bioreactor scales.

scholarly journals Influence of Light Intensity and Temperature on Cultivation of Microalgae Desmodesmus Communis in Flasks and Laboratory-Scale Stirred Tank Photobioreactor

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vanags ◽  
L. Kunga ◽  
K. Dubencovs ◽  
V. Galvanauskas ◽  
O. Grīgs
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Shake Flask ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Light Limitation ◽  
Maximum Biomass

Abstract Optimization of the microalgae cultivation process and of the bioprocess in general traditionally starts with cultivation experiments in flasks. Then the scale-up follows, when the process from flasks is transferred into a laboratory-scale bioreactor, in which further experiments are performed before developing the process in a pilot-scale reactor. This research was done in order to scale-up the process from a 0.4 1 shake flask to a 4.0 1 laboratory-scale stirred-tank photobioreactor for the cultivation of Desmodesmus (D.) communis microalgae. First, the effect of variation in temperature (21-29 ºC) and in light intensity (200-600 μmol m-2s-1) was studied in the shake-flask experiments. It was shown that the best results (the maximum biomass concentration of 2.72 g 1-1 with a specific growth rate of 0.65 g g-1d-1) can be achieved at the cultivation temperature and light intensity being 25 °C and 300 μmol m2s-1, respectively. At the same time, D. communis cultivation under the same conditions in stirred-tank photobioreactor resulted in average volumetric productivities of biomass due to the light limitation even when the light intensity was increased during the experiment (the maximum biomass productivity 0.25 g 1-1d-1; the maximum biomass concentration 1.78 g 1-1).

scholarly journals Fruit Seeds as Sources of Bioactive Compounds: Sustainable Production of High Value-Added Ingredients from By-Products within Circular Economy

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 3854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidelis ◽  
Moura ◽  
Kabbas Junior ◽  
Pap ◽  
Mattila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Lipophilic Compounds

The circular economy is an umbrella concept that applies different mechanisms aiming to minimize waste generation, thus decoupling economic growth from natural resources. Each year, an estimated one-third of all food produced is wasted; this is equivalent to 1.3 billion tons of food, which is worth around US$1 trillion or even $2.6 trillion when social and economic costs are included. In the fruit and vegetable sector, 45% of the total produced amount is lost in the production (post-harvest, processing, and distribution) and consumption chains. Therefore, it is necessary to find new technological and environmentally friendly solutions to utilize fruit wastes as new raw materials to develop and scale up the production of high value-added products and ingredients. Considering that the production and consumption of fruits has increased in the last years and following the need to find the sustainable use of different fruit side streams, this work aimed to describe the chemical composition and bioactivity of different fruit seeds consumed worldwide. A comprehensive focus is given on the extraction techniques of water-soluble and lipophilic compounds and in vitro/in vivo functionalities, and the link between chemical composition and observed activity is holistically explained.

scholarly journals A Review on Bioconversion of Agro-Industrial Wastes to Industrially Important Enzymes

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Ravindran ◽  
Shady Hassan ◽  
Gwilym Williams ◽  
Amit Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Phase Culture ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Value Added Products

Agro-industrial waste is highly nutritious in nature and facilitates microbial growth. Most agricultural wastes are lignocellulosic in nature; a large fraction of it is composed of carbohydrates. Agricultural residues can thus be used for the production of various value-added products, such as industrially important enzymes. Agro-industrial wastes, such as sugar cane bagasse, corn cob and rice bran, have been widely investigated via different fermentation strategies for the production of enzymes. Solid-state fermentation holds much potential compared with submerged fermentation methods for the utilization of agro-based wastes for enzyme production. This is because the physical–chemical nature of many lignocellulosic substrates naturally lends itself to solid phase culture, and thereby represents a means to reap the acknowledged potential of this fermentation method. Recent studies have shown that pretreatment technologies can greatly enhance enzyme yields by several fold. This article gives an overview of how agricultural waste can be productively harnessed as a raw material for fermentation. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of studies conducted in the production of different commercially important enzymes using lignocellulosic food waste has been provided.

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