scholarly journals Characterization of Wnt Genes in Argopecten Scallops and Their Involvement in Responses to Different Temperature Stresses in Bohai Red Scallops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caihui Wang ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Junhao Ning ◽  
Xia Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Northern China ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Stresses ◽  
Bay Scallops ◽  
Bay Scallop ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background: Bohai Red, a new Argopecten scallop strain selected from the hybrids between the Peruvian scallop, Argopecten purpuratus and the bay scallop northern subspecies, A. irradians irradians, is now one of the most cultured scallop strains in northern China. As one of a series of studies focusing on adaptation of Bohai Red scallops to fluctuations in environmental factors, this study aimed to examine the expression profile of Wnt genes in response to different temperature stresses in Bohai Red. Results: As Bohai Red scallops were originated from the hybrids between the Peruvian scallop and the bay scallop northern subspecies, we first identified all Wnt genes from the genomes of the Peruvian scallop and the bay scallop northern subspecies, as well as the bay scallop southern subspecies, A. i. concentricus. Twelve Wnt members were identified from the two subspecies of bay scallop, and 13 Wnt genes were found in the genome of the Peruvian scallop. Protein structure analyses showed that most Wnt genes poses all 5 conserved motifs except Wnt 1, Wnt 2, Wnt 6 and Wnt 9 in the bay scallops and Wnt2 and Wnt9 in the Peruvian scallop. Unexpectedly, Wnt8 gene was present while Wnt3 was absent in both the bay scallops and the Peruvian scallop. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Wnt3 may have disappeared in the early evolution of mollusks. The expression profile of Wnt genes in Bohai Red exposed to different temperatures were examined by qRT-PCR. The results showed that expression of Wnt genes responded differentially to temperature changes. The Wnt genes such as Wnt1, Wnt6, Wnt7, Wnt11 and WntA that responded slowly to low and high temperature stresses may be related to the maintenance of basic homeostasis. Other Wnt genes such as Wnt4, Wnt9, Wnt5 and Wnt2 that responded rapidly to low temperature may play an important role in organismal protection against low temperature stress. And yet some Wnt genes including Wnt10, Wnt16, and Wnt8 that responded quickly to high temperature stress may play key roles in response to organismal stress provoked by high temperature stress. Conclusions: Wnt genes are well conserved in Argopecten scallops, as in other bivalves. Wnt genes may play important roles in adaptation of Bohai Red scallops to changing temperatures. The results in this study will provide new insights into the evolution and function of Wnt genes in bivalves and eventually benefit culture of Bohai Red scallops.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of Camellia sinensis L. cv. ‘Suchazao’ exposed to temperature stresses reveals modification in protein synthesis and photosynthetic and anthocyanin biosynthetic pathways

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1583-1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiazhi Shen ◽  
Dayan Zhang ◽  
Lin Zhou ◽  
Xuzhou Zhang ◽  
Jieren Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Late Embryogenesis Abundant Protein ◽  
Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽  
Temperature Stresses ◽  
Tea Plants

Abstract To determine the mechanisms in tea plants responding to temperature stresses (heat and cold), we examined the global transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of the tea plant cultivar ‘Suchazao’ under moderately low temperature stress (ML), severely low temperature stress (SL), moderately high temperature stress (MH) and severely high temperature stress (SH) using RNA-seq and high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), respectively. The identified differentially expressed genes indicated that the synthesis of stress-resistance protein might be redirected to cope with the temperature stresses. We found that heat shock protein genes Hsp90 and Hsp70 played more critical roles in tea plants in adapting to thermal stress than cold, while late embryogenesis abundant protein genes (LEA) played a greater role under cold than heat stress, more types of zinc finger genes were induced under cold stress as well. In addition, energy metabolisms were inhibited by SH, SL and ML. Furthermore, the mechanisms of anthocyanin synthesis were different under the cold and heat stresses. Indeed, the CsUGT75C1 gene, encoding UDP-glucose:anthocyanin 5-O-glucosyl transferase, was up-regulated in the SL-treated leaves but down-regulated in SH. Metabolomics analysis also showed that anthocyanin monomer levels increased under SL. These results indicate that the tea plants share certain foundational mechanisms to adjust to both cold and heat stresses. They also developed some specific mechanisms for surviving the cold or heat stresses. Our study provides effective information about the different mechanisms tea plants employ in surviving cold and heat stresses, as well as the different mechanisms of anthocyanin synthesis, which could speed up the genetic breeding of heat- and cold-tolerant tea varieties.

Genome-wide identification and analysis of maize PAL gene family and its expression profile in response to high-temperature stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Gong Wu ◽  
Qiu-Wen Zhan ◽  
Hai-Bing Yu ◽  
Bao-Hong Huang ◽  
Xin-Xin Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Untangling irrigation effects on maize water and heat stress alleviation using satellite data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhu ◽  
Jennifer Burney
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Stresses ◽  
Stress Alleviation ◽  
Irrigation Effects

Abstract. Irrigation has important implications for sustaining global food production, enabling crop water demand to be met even under dry conditions. Added water also cools crop plants through transpiration; irrigation might thus play an important role in a warmer climate by simultaneously moderating water and high temperature stresses. Here we use satellite-derived evapotranspiration estimates, land surface temperature (LST) measurements, and crop phenological stage information from Nebraska maize to quantify how irrigation relieves both water and temperature stresses. Our study shows that, unlike air temperature metrics, satellite-derived LST detects significant irrigation-induced cooling effect, especially during the grain filling period (GFP) of crop growth. This cooling is likely to extend the maize growing season, especially for GFP, likely due to the stronger temperature sensitivity of phenological development during this stage. The analysis also suggests that irrigation not only reduces water and temperature stress but also weakens the response of yield to these stresses. Specifically, temperature stress is significantly weakened for reproductive processes in irrigated crops. The attribution analysis further suggests that water and high temperature stress alleviation contributes to 65 % and 35 % of yield benefit, respectively. Our study underlines the relative importance of high temperature stress alleviation in yield improvement and the necessity of simulating crop surface temperature to better quantify heat stress effects in crop yield models. Finally, untangling irrigation effects on both heat and water stress mitigation has important implications for designing agricultural adaptation strategies under climate change.

scholarly journals Silicon Alleviates Temperature Stresses in Poinsettia by Regulating Stomata, Photosynthesis, and Oxidative Damages

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1419
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Hu ◽  
Yali Li ◽  
Byoung Ryong Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Stresses ◽  
Oxidative Damages ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Almost All

The effects of silicon (Si) on temperature stresses were investigated in poinsettia. Well-rooted cuttings supplemented with and without Si were exposed to 40 °C, and plants treated with or without Si during cutting propagation and cultivation were subjected to 4 °C. The results showed that almost all the stomata of cuttings without Si supplementation were closed, while some of them were still open in cuttings supplemented with Si under a high temperature stress. However, Si was not able to alleviate stomatal closure of poinsettia under low temperature stress. The increased epicuticular wax might contribute to enhanced resistance of poinsettia to low temperature stresses. In addition, poinsettia maintained a higher photosynthetic rate and lower malonaldehyde and hydrogen sulfide concentrations when supplemented with Si under high and low temperature stresses, which might contribute to lower APX activities. Overall, temperature stresses had negative impacts on the physiological characteristics of poinsettia, while Si could alleviate some effects of temperature stresses.

Physiological Divergence in Green Gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Genotypes for Drought and High Temperature Stress Tolerance During Flowering Phase

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jincy ◽  
V. Babu Rajendra Prasad ◽  
A. Senthil ◽  
P. Jeyakumar ◽  
N. Manivannan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Temperature Stresses ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Background: Drought and high temperature stress limits the crop production. Development of drought and high temperature tolerant cultivars that can withstand and yield better under adverse conditions is very much important to ensure the food and nutritional security. Green gram is one of the important pulse crops with high nutritional and economic value. Among the various stages of plant growth and development, reproductive stage is highly sensitive to drought and high temperature stress across all species. The main objective of this study was to evaluate green gram germplasm collection and identification of elite greengram genotypes that can withstand drought and high temperature stresses at reproductive stage. Methods: The experiment was conducted during March-April, 2019, at National Pulses Research Centre, Vamban, Pudukottai district, Tamil Nadu. To study the influence of combined drought and high temperature stress during reproductive stage, the green gram genotypes were sown in pots. Six pots were maintained for each genotype of which three were maintained at 100% field capacity (control) and for another three; drought stress (50% field capacity for 5 days) was imposed combined with high temperature stress (36 ± 2°C) during reproductive phase (35 Days after sowing). At the end of stress period, physiological and biochemical analysis were carried out to identify the tolerant green gram genotypes against drought and high temperature stresses.Result: In the present study, drought and high temperature stress has negative impact on green gram physiology. Among the genotypes screened for their tolerance at reproductive stage, the following green gram genotypes viz., TARM 1, VGG 15029, VGG 17003, VGG 17004, VGG 17006, VGG 17010 and VGG 17019 were found to withstand drought and high temperature stress and maintain high total chlorophyll content, relative water content and chlorophyll stability index. These green gram gramplasm can be used in pulse breeding program to evolve resilient green gram varieties. Screening of 29 green gram genotypes for drought and high temperature stress during reproductive stage were carried out by maintaining the drought stress (50% field capacity for 5 days) combined with high temperature stress (36 ± 2°C) during reproductive stage (35 days after sowing) by pot culture experiment. Total chlorophyll, relative water content, chlorophyll stability index (CSI), oxidants and antioxidant activity were quantified to identify the tolerant green gram genotypes against drought and high temperature stresses. Based on physiological and biochemical parameters, the following green gram genotypes viz., TARM 1, VGG 15029, VGG 17003, VGG 17004, VGG 17006, VGG 17010 and VGG 17019 were found to withstand and tolerate combined drought and high temperature stresses at flowering stage.

Cycling ambient temperature effect on boar semen

1984 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Heitman ◽  
J. R. Cockrell ◽  
S. R. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medium Temperature

ABSTRACTTwenty-four 1-year-old boars of proven fertility were assigned randomly to one of two temperature-controlled trailers. A control group in each trial was held at 17 ± 0·5°C while the other group was exposed to a diurnal ambient temperature cycle. Cycles followed a sine-wave pattern with minimum and maximum temperatures occurring at 04.00 and 16.00 h respectively. Cycling temperature ranges were 17 to 33 ± 0·5°C (low-temperature stress), 19·5 to 35·5 ± 0·5°C (medium-temperature stress), and 22 to 38 ± 0·5°C (high-temperature stress). Semen samples were collected every 3 or 4 days over an experimental period of 42 days.Low-temperature stress and medium-temperature stress boars were not affected significantly in the five parameters of semen quality observed. The difference between controls and high-temperature stress boars was highly significant for motility, abnormal spermatozoa, gel-free volume, and total spermatozoa per ejaculate. Concentration of spermatozoa was not affected by treatment. Significant time effects were observed for motility, abnormal spermatozoa and total spermotozoa per ejaculate. Significant differences began to appear after 2 or 3 weeks and changes still appeared to be occurring at 6 weeks.

scholarly journals Transcriptional profiling reveals changes in gene regulation and signaling transduction pathways during temperature stress in wucai (Brassica campestris L.)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyun Yuan ◽  
Yushan Zheng ◽  
Libing Nie ◽  
Liting Zhang ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Key Genes

Abstract Background Wucai (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. rosularis Tsen) is a cold-tolerant plant that is vulnerable to high temperature. This study explored the response mechanism of wucai to low temperature. In this study, wucai seedlings were treated with different temperatures, including low temperature (LT), high temperature (HT), and a control. Results According to transcriptomics analysis, the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HT and LT was 10,702 and 7267, respectively, compared with the control. The key genes associated with the physiological response of wucai to the treatments were analyzed. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology annotations indicated the importance of the photosynthesis and photosynthetic-antenna protein pathways. We found that a high-temperature environment greatly inhibited the expression of important genes in the photosynthetic pathway (BrLhc superfamily members, PsaD, PsaE, PsaD, PsaD, PsbO, PsbP, PsbQ, PsbR, PsbS, PsbW, PsbY, Psb27, and Psb28), whereas low temperature resulted in the expression of certain key genes (BrLhc superfamily members, Psa F, Psa H, Psb S, Psb H, Psb 28). In addition, the wucai seedlings exhibited better photosynthetic performance under low-temperature conditions than high-temperature conditions. Conclusions Based on the above results, we speculate that upon exposure to low temperature, the plants developed higher cold tolerance by upregulating the expression of genes related to photosynthesis. Conversely, high-temperature stress inhibited the expression of pivotal genes and weakened the self-regulating ability of the plants.

A high- and low-temperature inducible Arabidopsis thaliana HSP101 promoter located in a nonautonomous Mutator-like element

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lester W Young ◽  
Rebecca H Cross ◽  
S Ashley Byun-McKay ◽  
Ron W Wilen ◽  
Peta C Bonham-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Terminal Inverted Repeat ◽  
Partial Methylation ◽  
Endogenous Expression

Transcriptional activity of a 573-bp fragment of HSP101 (At1g74310) incorporated into a Mutator-like element (MULE) transposon was investigated in Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia. Sequence identity between the HSP101-MULE arrangement and a continuous segment of the original HSP101 promoter, 5' UTR exon, and open reading frame (ORF) was high (87%) but lower in the 5' UTR intron (69%). Collectively, the HSP101 ORF, the MULE 5' terminal inverted repeat (TIR), and the 1.3 kb immediately upstream of the TIR is located on chromosome IV, and we refer to it as HSP101B. Located within the HSP101B promoter, upstream of 2 heat shock elements (HSEs), are 4 COR15a-like low-temperature response elements (LTREs). The HSP101B ORF was transcribed in the leaves and inflorescences of high-temperature stress (HTS) treated Arabidopsis thaliana but not in low-temperature stress (LTS) and control plants. Transiently transformed Arabidopsis seedlings, as well as stable transformed lines of Linum usitatissimum (flax) and Brassica napus (canola) containing a HSP101B promoter:GUS construct, showed either LTS-, or LTS- and HTS-, induced β-glucuronidase expression. Results from PCR amplifications of HpaII- and MspI-digested Arabidopsis genomic DNA suggest that endogenous expression of HSP101B may be downregulated by partial methylation of the HSP101B sequence between the TIRs of the associated MULE.Key words: promoter function, low temperature stress, high temperature stress; Arabidopsis HSP101, Mutator-like element, transposon.

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