Association of Blood Lipids With Coronary Artery Plaque Among Saudi Patients Referred to Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaya Al Helali ◽  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Ahmad AlMajed ◽  
Nura AlShugair ◽  
Abdullah Belfageih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Saudi Patients

Abstract BACKGROUND: Blood lipids are strong risk factor for the progression of atherosclerotic plaques. However, data on gender-specific associations are limited OBJECTIVES: To examine gender-specific associations of blood lipids with coronary plaque among in a large sample of asymptomatic Saudi patients. METHODS: Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients referred to (64 multidetector spiral) computed tomography (CT) for standard indications at the Prince Sultan Cardiac Centre (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) between July 2007 and December 2017. Those with pre-existing CAD were excluded. Plaques were determined based on post-test CT angiography and coronary calcification. RESULTS: A total 2421 patients (1498 males and 923 females) were included. The prevalence of any plaque was 36.6% with higher burden in males than females (41.3% versus 28.9%, p<0.001). Approximately 78.9% of all plaques were calcified. Blood lipids (mmol/L) were 4.75±1.14 for total cholesterol, 2.90±0.96 for LDL cholesterol, 1.20±0.36 for HDL cholesterol, and 1.64±1.09 for triglycerides. Males had significantly higher triglycerides and lower HDL cholesterol compared with females. In adjusted models in males and all patients, soft and/or calcified plaques were significantly associated with lower HDL cholesterol and higher triglycerides. In females, the only significant association was between soft plaques and higher triglycerides.CONCLUSIONS: Middle-aged patients without clinical CAD in Saudi Arabia have a high burden of plaques, specially calcified ones. The findings may impact the use of lipid lowering mediations, by underscoring the importance of assessing the risk of CAD in asymptomatic patients without clinical CAD even in case of lack of coronary calcification.

scholarly journals Epicardial adipose tissue volume and coronary calcification among people living with diabetes: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Cosson ◽  
Minh Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Imen Rezgani ◽  
Sopio Tatulashvili ◽  
Meriem Sal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Macrovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Background Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has anatomic and functional proximity to the heart and is considered a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether EAT volume was associated with coronary artery calcification (CAC) in people living with diabetes, independently of confounding factors.Methods We included all consecutive patients with diabetes whose EAT volume and CAC score were measured using computed tomography between January 1, 2019 and September 30, 2020 in the Department of Diabetology-Endocrinology-Nutrition at Avicenne Hospital, France. Determinants of EAT volume and a CAC score ≥ 100 Agatston units (AU) were evaluated.Results The study population comprised 409 patients (218 men). Mean (± standard deviation) age was 57 ± 12 years, and 318, 56 and 35, had type 2 (T2D), type 1 (T1D), or another type of diabetes, respectively. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 29 ± 6 kg/m², mean AET volume 93 ± 38 cm3. EAT volume was positively correlated with age, BMI, pack-year smoking history and triglyceridaemia, but negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol level. Furthermore, it was lower in people with retinopathy, but higher in men, in Caucasian people, in patients on antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medication, in people with nephropathy, and finally in individuals with a CAC ≥ 100 AU (CAC < 100 vs CAC ≥ 100: 89 ± 35 vs 109 ± 41 cm3, respectively, p < 0.05). In addition to EAT volume, other determinants of CAC ≥ 100 AU (n = 89, 22%) were age, T2D, ethnicity, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medication, cumulative tobacco consumption, retinopathy, macular edema and macrovascular disease. Multivariable analysis considering all these determinants as well as gender and BMI, showed that EAT volume was independently associated with CAC ≥ 100 AU (per 10 cm3 increase: OR 1.11 [1.02–1.20]).Conclusions EAT volume was independently associated with CAC. As it may play a role in coronary atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes, reducing EAT volume through physical exercise, improved diet and pharmaceutical interventions may improve future cardiovascular risk outcomes in this population.

FC23-02 - Gender and genotype modulation of the association between lipid levels and depressive symptomatology in community-dwelling elderly

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1940-1940
Author(s):  
M.-L. Ancelin ◽  
I. Carrière ◽  
J.-P. Boulenger ◽  
A. Malafosse ◽  
R. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Genetic Vulnerability ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Gender Specific

BackgroundLipids appear to mediate depressive vulnerability in the elderly, however, sex differences and genetic vulnerability have not been taken into account in previous prospective studies.MethodsDepression was assessed in a population of 1040 women and 752 men aged 65 years and over at baseline and after 7-year follow-up. Clinical level of depression (DEP) was defined as having either a score of 16 and above on the Centre for Epidemiology Studies Depression scale or a diagnosis of current major depression on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Lipid levels, apolipoprotein E and serotonin transporter linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) genotypes were evaluated at baseline.ResultsMultivariate analyses adjusted by socio-demographic and behavioral variables, measures of physical health including ischemic pathologies, and genetic vulnerability indicated gender-specific associations between dyslipidemia and DEP, independent of the use of lipid lowering agents or apolipoprotein E status. Men with low LDL-cholesterol levels had twice the risk of prevalent and incident DEP whereas in women low HDL-cholesterol levels were found to be significantly associated with increased prevalent DEP (OR = 1.5) only. A significant interaction was observed between low LDL-cholesterol and 5-HTTLPR genotype, men with s/s or s/l genotype being at increased risk of DEP (OR = 6.0 and 2.7, respectively). No significant gene-environment interaction was observed for women.ConclusionsDEP is associated with higher atherogenic risk in women (low HDL-cholesterol), whereas the reverse is observed in men (low LDL-cholesterol). Late-life depression may have a complex gender-specific etiology involving genetic vulnerability in men.

scholarly journals Role of Berry Bioactive Compounds on Lipids and Lipoproteins in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpita Basu
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Natural Foods ◽  
Berry Fruits

Blood lipids are an important biomarker of cardiovascular health and disease. Among the lipid biomarkers that have been widely used to monitor and predict cardiovascular diseases (CVD), elevated LDL and low HDL cholesterol (C), as well as elevated triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, deserve special attention in their predictive abilities, and thus have been the targets of several therapeutic and dietary approaches to improving lipid profiles. Among natural foods and nutraceuticals, dietary berries are a rich source of nutrients, fiber, and various types of phytochemicals. Berries as whole fruits, juices, and purified extracts have been shown to lower total and LDL-C, and increase HDL-C in clinical studies in participants with elevated blood lipids, type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome. This short review aimed to further discuss the mechanisms and magnitude of the lipid-lowering effects of dietary berries, with emphasis on reported clinical studies. Based on the emerging evidence, colorful berry fruits may thus be included in a healthy diet for the prevention and management of CVD.

scholarly journals Epicardial adipose tissue volume and coronary calcification among people living with diabetes: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Cosson ◽  
Minh Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Imen Rezgani ◽  
Sopio Tatulashvili ◽  
Meriem Sal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Macrovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Background Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has anatomic and functional proximity to the heart and is considered a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether EAT volume was associated with coronary artery calcification (CAC) in people living with diabetes, independently of confounding factors. Methods We included all consecutive patients with diabetes whose EAT volume and CAC score were measured using computed tomography between January 1, 2019 and September 30, 2020 in the Department of Diabetology-Endocrinology-Nutrition at Avicenne Hospital, France. Determinants of EAT volume and a CAC score ≥ 100 Agatston units (AU) were evaluated. Results The study population comprised 409 patients (218 men). Mean (± standard deviation) age was 57 ± 12 years, and 318, 56 and 35 had type 2 (T2D), type 1 (T1D), or another type of diabetes, respectively. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 29 ± 6 kg/m2, mean AET volume 93 ± 38 cm3. EAT volume was positively correlated with age, BMI, pack-year smoking history and triglyceridaemia, but negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol level. Furthermore, it was lower in people with retinopathy, but higher in men, in Caucasian people, in patients on antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medication, in people with nephropathy, and finally in individuals with a CAC ≥ 100 AU (CAC < 100 vs CAC ≥ 100: 89 ± 35 vs 109 ± 41 cm3, respectively, p < 0.05). In addition to EAT volume, other determinants of CAC ≥ 100 AU (n = 89, 22%) were age, T2D, ethnicity, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medication, cumulative tobacco consumption, retinopathy, macular edema and macrovascular disease. Multivariable analysis considering all these determinants as well as gender and BMI showed that EAT volume was independently associated with CAC ≥ 100 AU (per 10 cm3 increase: OR 1.11 [1.02–1.20]). Conclusions EAT volume was independently associated with CAC. As it may play a role in coronary atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes, reducing EAT volume through physical exercise, improved diet and pharmaceutical interventions may improve future cardiovascular risk outcomes in this population.

scholarly journals Epicardial adipose tissue volume and coronary calcification among people living with diabetes: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Cosson ◽  
Minh Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Imen Rezgani ◽  
Sopio Tatulashvili ◽  
Meriem Sal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Macrovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Background: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has anatomic and functional proximity to the heart and is considered a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether EAT volume was associated with coronary artery calcification (CAC) in people living with diabetes, independently of confounding factors.Methods: We included all consecutive patients with diabetes whose EAT volume and CAC score were measured using computed tomography between January 1, 2019 and September 30, 2020 in the Department of Diabetology-Endocrinology-Nutrition at Avicenne Hospital, France. Determinants of EAT volume and a CAC score ≥ 100 Agatston units (AU) were evaluated. Results: The study population comprised 409 patients (218 men). Mean (± standard deviation) age was 57±12 years, and 318, 56 and 35 had type 2 (T2D), type 1 (T1D), or another type of diabetes, respectively. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 29±6 kg/m², mean AET volume 93±38 cm3. EAT volume was positively correlated with age, BMI, pack-year smoking history and triglyceridaemia, but negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol level. Furthermore, it was lower in people with retinopathy, but higher in men, in Caucasian people, in patients on antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medication, in people with nephropathy, and finally in individuals with a CAC ≥ 100 AU (CAC < 100 vs CAC ≥ 100: 89±35 vs 109±41 cm3, respectively, p<0.05). In addition to EAT volume, other determinants of CAC ≥ 100 AU (n=89, 22%) were age, T2D, ethnicity, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medication, cumulative tobacco consumption, retinopathy, macular edema and macrovascular disease. Multivariable analysis considering all these determinants as well as gender and BMI showed that EAT volume was independently associated with CAC ≥ 100 AU (per 10 cm3 increase: OR 1.11 [1.02-1.20]). Conclusions: EAT volume was independently associated with CAC. As it may play a role in coronary atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes, reducing EAT volume through physical exercise, improved diet and pharmaceutical interventions may improve future cardiovascular risk outcomes in this population.

Effects of the Tibetan herbal preparation PADMA 28 on blood lipids and lipid oxidisability in subjects with mild hypercholesterolaemia

VASA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brunner-La Rocca ◽  
Schindler ◽  
Schlumpf ◽  
Saller ◽  
Suter
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Intraarterial Infusion ◽  
Padma 28

Background: Previous studies showed an anti-atherosclerotic effect of PADMA 28, an herbal formula based on Tibetan medicine. As the mechanisms of action are not fully understood, we investigated whether PADMA 28 may lower blood lipids and lipid oxidisability, and affect early endothelial dysfunction. Patients and methods: Sixty otherwise healthy subjects with total cholesterol ≥5.2 mmol/l and < 8.0 mmol/l were randomly assigned to placebo or PADMA 28, 3 x 2 capsules daily, for 4 weeks (double-blind). Blood lipids (total, LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, Apo-lipoprotein A1 and B) and ex vivo lipid oxidisability were measured before and after treatment. In a subset of 24 subjects, endothelial function was assessed using venous occlusion plethysmography with intraarterial infusion of acetylcholine. Isolated LDL and plasma both untreated and pre-treated with PADMA 28 extract were oxidised by the radical generator AAPH. Conjugated diene formation was measured at 245 nm. Results: Blood lipids did not change during the study in both groups. In contrast to previous reports in mild hypercholesterolaemia, no endothelial dysfunction was seen and, consequently, was not influenced by therapy. Ex vivo blood lipid oxidisability was significantly reduced with PADMA 28 (area under curve: 5.29 ± 1.62 to 4.99 ± 1.46, p = 0.01), and remained unchanged in the placebo group (5.33 ± 1.88 to 5.18 ± 1.78, p > 0.1). This effect persisted one week after cessation of medication. In vitro experiments confirmed the prevention of lipid peroxidation in the presence of PADMA 28 extracts. Persistent protection was also seen for LDL isolated from PADMA 28-pretreated blood after being subjected to rigorous purification. Conclusions: This study suggests that the inhibition of blood lipid oxidisability by PADMA 28 may play a role in its anti-atherosclerotic effect.

Incidence of Cerebral Hemorrhage in Traumatic Patients using Computed Tomography in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 460-463
Author(s):  
Amna Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Towmader Awad ◽  
Hajer Yousif ◽  
Reem Nahari ◽  
Omnia Abdelrhman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Cerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ct Finding

Computed Tomography (CT) is the most commonly used imaging modality in the evaluation of cerebral hemorrhage in the head trauma patients. Objective: To study the incidence of a cerebral hemorrhage in traumatic patients using computed tomography. Method: This retrospective study was conducted at King Khalid hospital in Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia, in the radiology department, in the period from September 2018 to April 2020. The study was done by collecting 471 CT reports of patients all of them were exposed to head trauma with deferent reasons. The data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program (ver. 20) and presented in tables and graphs according to the checklist which includes: patient age, gender, type of trauma, CT finding, and type of hemorrhage. Results: The most age group suffered from head trauma was less than 20 years percentage (55%), The male patients more exposed to head trauma than female patients with percentage (84.5%), the road traffic accident (RTA) is the most common type of trauma by percentage (63.5%), according to the CT finding; the cerebral hemorrhage represented (15.5%) with the highest percentage in a subdural hematoma (31.2%), the fracture represented (2.8%) while the normal appearance represented (81.7%) as the highest percentage. Conclusion: Most of the traumatic brain injury in patients caused cerebral hemorrhage and the CT scan reports show that: the common type of cerebral hemorrhage is subdural hematoma and it is common in males which exposed to (RTA) in the age group (21 - 40) years old.

Study of Antihyperglycemic, Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Tannins Extracted from Warionia saharae Benth. & Coss

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ajebli ◽  
Fadwa El Ouady ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Background and Objective: Warionia saharae Benth & Coss, a plant belonging to Asteraceae family, is used for its anti-diabetic properties in Morocco. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tannins extracted from Warionia saharae (W. saharae) on blood glucose levels and lipid profile in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Tannins (TE) were extracted from W. saharae using Soxhlet apparatus and different organic solvents. Single and once daily repeated oral administration of TE (10 mg/kg) for 15 days were used to evaluate the glucose and lipid-lowering activity in normal and diabetic rats. Furthermore, glucose test tolerance, liver histopathological examination and in vitro antioxidant activity of TE were carried out in this study. Results: The results showed that TE was able to exert antihyperglycemic and lowering total cholesterol effects as well as improvement of the high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol serum level after 15 days of treatment. Furthermore, TE improved glucose tolerance, histopathological status of liver in diabetic rats and demonstrated interesting antioxidant activity. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present investigation revealed that TE possesses potent antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities as claimed in different ethnopharmacological practices.

scholarly journals Enucleation of a giant symptomatic gastric lipoma, a safe surgical approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Parreira ◽  
Tiago Rama ◽  
Teresa Eloi ◽  
Vítor Carneiro ◽  
Maria Inês Leite
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Pyloric Obstruction ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Recurrent Vomiting ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Gastric Lipoma

Abstract Gastric lipomas are rare, representing 2–3% of all benign tumours of the stomach. Most of these stomach neoplasms are small and detected incidentally during endoscopic or radiology evaluations. Computed tomography is highly specific imaging for lipoma diagnosis. Endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound are other important diagnostic modalities to confirm the diagnosis. Identifying typical features can avoid biopsy or surgery in asymptomatic patients. In patients with larger lesions, usually more than 2 cm, clinical presentation may encompass haemorrhage, abdominal pain, pyloric obstruction and dyspepsia. As a result of its extreme low incidence, treatment is not standardized, though it is widely accepted that a symptomatic tumour mandates resection. Here, we present the case of a 60-year-old female presenting with abdominal pain and recurrent vomiting due to a giant gastric lipoma (80 × 35 × 35 mm). The patient underwent laparotomy and an enucleation was performed.

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