scholarly journals Comparison of ‘In-Person’ Vs ‘Online’ Teaching, According To Student Perception; A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study From A Medical School In Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyantha Julian Perera ◽  
Mithila Manjaree Rajakaruna ◽  
Prabash Sandeep Perera
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Along with all other human activities, education at all levels has been severely curtailed by the Covid 19 pandemic. Most educational institutions responded to this challenge by shifting their teaching activities from the traditional ‘in-person’ teaching to the ‘online’ platform. Though ‘online teaching’ has been around for some time, it was a novelty at many educational settings. This novelty was eagerly embraced by most of the students, but with time, especially in recourse limited settings student opinion might have altered. This study from a newly established medical school in Sri Lanka, discuss the student perceptions comparing ‘in-person’ vs ‘online’ teaching.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at the Medical faculty of Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, between 01.08. 21 and 31.08.21. Medical students currently studying in second and third years, had experienced both ‘in-person’ and ‘online teaching’. They were sent a questionnaire, in the form of a google form. Questionnaire compared ‘in-person’ vs ‘online’ teaching, with regard to different aspects of teaching and teacher- students interactions. Z score for comparing proportions was used to assess statistical significance, which was set at 95% confidant level.Results: Out of 145 google forms sent out, 133 were returned fully completed. Irrespective of the mode of delivery of lessons, there was no significant difference in student’s student active participation or ability to understand contents. However, attendance at lessons, ability to focus during a lessons, and teacher’s enthusiasm during the activity were perceived significantly higher during ‘in-person’ teaching compared to online teaching. A statistically significant number of students had a better overall impression about ‘in-person’ teaching than ‘online’ teaching. However, majority of students preferred online teaching to continue along with ‘in-person’ teaching as a highbred system.Conclusions: Majority of students wanted ‘online’ teaching to continue even after pandemic is over, though there are some shortcomings related to ‘online’ teaching. Educational institutions should constantly evaluate their online teaching program to identify the strengths and shortcomings. Regular student and teacher feedback will be useful in this regard. A highbred system of education, combining online and in-person teaching is recommended for the future.

scholarly journals Intrinsic Motivation of Medical Students from a College with Active Methodology in Brazil: a Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Pedro Tadeu Álvares Costa Caminha de Azevedo ◽  
Maria de Fátima Costa Caminha ◽  
Camyla Rolim Souto de Andrade ◽  
Carolina Gonçalves de Godoy ◽  
Raissa Lyra Sales Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Training ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Entrance Exam ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
School Entrance

ABSTRACT A cross-sectional study based on the Self Determination Theory to identify intrinsic motivation in the tutorial group scenario, and its associated factors in 276 medical students from a college in the Northeast of Brazil between October and December 2016. The Intrinsic Motivation Inventory was utilized following its adaptation and cross-cultural translation. Variables studied: age, gender, marital status, financial dependents, number of attempts at the university entrance exam for the medical course, current semester of study, previous undergraduate training, living with parents, choice of course by parental influence or pressure. Uni and multivariate Poisson analysis were carried out to assess the factors associated with intrinsic motivation; p <0.05 was considered as the significance level for statistical purposes. Average motivation score was 3.8, which indicates motivation. In 2 nd , 6 th and 10 th semester medicine students, the final model maintained as the variable associated with intrinsic motivation those who attempted the medical school entrance exam once or twice compared to those who had had three or more attempts (PR = 0.88, 95% CI (0.79-0.97), p = 0.011). In the analyses assessed by semester, in the second semester, students who had prior undergraduate training before medical school compared to those who had not was the remaining variable (PR = 0.92, 95% IC (0.87-0.97), p = 0.005). In the sixth semester, no statistically significant difference was found, and in the tenth semester the variable of those who attempted the medical school entrance exam once or twice remained (PR = 0.65, 95% IC (0.47-0.88), p = 0.006). The students seemed to be motivated in the group tutorial activity. The fewer number of medical school entry exam attempts and having previous undergraduate training were variables that showed association with intrinsic motivation.

scholarly journals A Cross Sectional Study of Medical Students’ Perception of Their Educational Environment in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Temitope O. Ade-Oshifogun ◽  
Jean A. Cadet ◽  
Jochebed B. Ade-Oshifogun
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Perceptions

Background: The quality of medical education is affected by many factors, one of which is the educational environment of medical education. However, there is paucity of studies addressing the educational environment from African medical schools. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical year students’ perceptions of their educational environment at a medical school in Ghana. This was done with the goal of identifying factors that may impact positive changes in the school.Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken using the DREEM questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered to students in clinical years 1, 2, & 3 at the time of the study. 298 students participated in the study by convenience sampling. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. The total score and the five subscales of DREEM scores were used in the final analysis.Results: A total of 298 out of 300 students completed the questionnaire out of which Fifty six percent of respondents were male. There was no significant gender differences in the total DREEM scores [F(1, 274) = 1.019, p=0.314]. The overall educational environment was positive M=117.32 ± 15.45. Areas for improvement were students’ perception of the teachers (26.09 ± 3.59) and students’ perception of the atmosphere (25.71 ± 5.62). The students’ perception of learning (30.70 ± 5.20), and students’ academic self-perceptions (21.11 ± 3.74) were positive. Students’ social self-perceptions (13.71 ± 2.99) was neutral. There was no significant difference in perception by clinical year [F(2, 274) = 0.298, p = 0.742].Conclusion: The perception of students at this Ghanaian medical school can be described as positive and negative. The school should consider the two domains with negative perceptions as areas for improvement. Students reported problem-based learning as a preferred method of teaching versus the traditional method. Attention to the learning atmosphere and student-focused learning is likely to increase perception.

scholarly journals Comparison of predicted psychological distress among workers between artificial intelligence and psychiatrists: a cross-sectional study in Tsukuba Science City, Japan

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e046265
Author(s):  
Shotaro Doki ◽  
Shinichiro Sasahara ◽  
Daisuke Hori ◽  
Yuichi Oi ◽  
Tsukasa Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Data

ObjectivesPsychological distress is a worldwide problem and a serious problem that needs to be addressed in the field of occupational health. This study aimed to use artificial intelligence (AI) to predict psychological distress among workers using sociodemographic, lifestyle and sleep factors, not subjective information such as mood and emotion, and to examine the performance of the AI models through a comparison with psychiatrists.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingWe conducted a survey on psychological distress and living conditions among workers. An AI model for predicting psychological distress was created and then the results were compared in terms of accuracy with predictions made by psychiatrists.ParticipantsAn AI model of the neural network and six psychiatrists.Primary outcomeThe accuracies of the AI model and psychiatrists for predicting psychological distress.MethodsIn total, data from 7251 workers were analysed to predict moderate and severe psychological distress. An AI model of the neural network was created and accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Six psychiatrists used the same data as the AI model to predict psychological distress and conduct a comparison with the AI model.ResultsThe accuracies of the AI model and psychiatrists for predicting moderate psychological distress were 65.2% and 64.4%, respectively, showing no significant difference. The accuracies of the AI model and psychiatrists for predicting severe psychological distress were 89.9% and 85.5%, respectively, indicating that the AI model had significantly higher accuracy.ConclusionsA machine learning model was successfully developed to screen workers with depressed mood. The explanatory variables used for the predictions did not directly ask about mood. Therefore, this newly developed model appears to be able to predict psychological distress among workers easily, regardless of their subjective views.

scholarly journals Prevalence of dysmenorrhoea, associated risk factors and its relationship with academic performance among graduating female university students in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e043814
Author(s):  
Mesfin Tadese ◽  
Andargachew Kassa ◽  
Abebaw Abeje Muluneh ◽  
Girma Altaye
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

ObjectivesThe study aimed to provide an association between dysmenorrhoea and academic performance among university students in Ethiopia. Further, the study attempts to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of dysmenorrhoea.Design and methodInstitution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 April to 28 April 2019. A semistructured and pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Binary logistic regression analysis and one-way analysis of variance were performed to model dysmenorrhoea and academic performance, respectively.Setting and participantsEthiopia (2019: n=647 female university students).OutcomesThe primary outcome is dysmenorrhoea, which has been defined as painful menses that prevents normal activity and requires medication. The self-reported cumulative grade point average of students was used as a proxy measure of academic performance, which is the secondary outcome.ResultsThe prevalence of dysmenorrhoea was 317 (51.5%). The educational status of father (adjusted OR (AOR) (95% CI) 2.64 (1.04 to 6.66)), chocolate consumption (AOR (95% CI) 3.39 (95% 1.28 to 8.93)), daily breakfast intake (<5 days/week) (AOR (95% CI) 0.63 (0.42 to 0.95)), irregular menstrual cycle AOR (95% CI) 2.34 (1.55 to 3.54)) and positive family history of dysmenorrhoea AOR (95% CI) 3.29 (2.25 to 4.81)) had statistically significant association with dysmenorrhoea. There was no statistically significant difference in academic performance among students with and without dysmenorrhoea (F (3611)=1.276, p=0.28)).ConclusionsDysmenorrhoea was a common health problem among graduating University students. However, it has no statistically significant impact on academic performance. Reproductive health officers should educate and undermine the negative academic consequences of dysmenorrhoea to reduce the physical and psychological stress that happens to females and their families.

scholarly journals Evaluation of e-health (Seha) application: a cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer Alharbi ◽  
Joharah Alzuwaed ◽  
Hind Qasem
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ease Of Access

Abstract Background The Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia is expanding the country’s telemedicine services by using advanced technology in health services. In doing so, an e-health application (app), Seha, was introduced in 2018 that allows individuals to have face-to-face visual medical consultations with their doctors on their smartphones. Objective This study evaluated the effectiveness of the app in improving healthcare delivery by ensuring patient satisfaction with the care given, increasing access to care, and improving efficiency in the healthcare system. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used to assess the perceptions of users of the Seha app and non-users who continued with traditional health services. The data were collected using an online survey via Google Forms between June 2020 and September 2020. Independent t tests and chi-square (χ2) tests were conducted to answer the research questions. Results There was a significant difference between users and non-users in terms of ease of access to health services (t =  − 9.38, p < 0.05), with app users having a higher mean score (4.19 ± 0.91) than non-users (3.41 ± 1.00); satisfaction with health services (t =  − 6.33, p < 0.05), with users having a higher mean score (3.96 ± 0.91) than non-users (3.45 ± 0.94); and efficiency (only one visit needed for treatment) (t =  − 3.20, p < 0.05), with users having a higher mean score (3.71 ± 0.93) than non-users (3.45 ± 0.93). There were significant associations between the use of the Seha app and age (χ2 = 8.79, p < 0.05), gender (χ2 = 22.19, p < 0.05), region (χ2 = 19.74, p < 0.05), and occupation (χ2 = 22.05, p < 0.05). There were significant relationships between the three items (on access, satisfaction, and efficiency) and experiencing technical issues (t = 4.47, t = 8.11, and t = 3.24, respectively, p < 0.05), with users who faced technical problems having significantly lower mean scores for all three items. Conclusion This study provided evidence that the Seha app improved the delivery of healthcare in Saudi Arabia. Users of the app had a better health experience in terms of their perceived ease of access to healthcare services; their satisfaction with healthcare services; and the efficiency of the system, measured by the number of required doctor visits. Other factors that appeared to influence the use of the app included age, gender, usual source of care, and technical difficulties.

P20 Parental understanding of concussion in youth rugby is significantly improved by viewing the RFU concussion education video

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. e31.1-e31
Author(s):  
T Samuel ◽  
K Aquilina ◽  
W Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Video ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Experience ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Composite Scores

ObjectivesTo investigate the current understanding parents have of concussion in their rugby-playing children aged 9–17.DesignCross-sectional studySubjects86 parents from four clubs completed an online questionnaireMethodsAreas covered (1) Parental experience of concussion (2) Rate of viewing of the RFU concussion educational video (RFUCEV), (3) Identification of symptoms of concussion (4) Understanding of the risk of concussion. Each participant was given a composite score, out of 19, based on their performance in symptom identification and true/false questions. Independent-sample two-tailed t-tests were conducted to analyse scores, primarily controlling for viewing of the RFUCEVResultsThere was a significant difference in the scores between the group that had viewed the RFUCEV (n=32, M=14.75, SD=2.55) and those who had not (n=54, M=13.05, SD=2.87); t(84)=2.75, p=0.00721. Additionally, over 25% of parents reported that their child had suffered a concussion, and this was also found to significantly improve the awareness score (p=0.04678)ConclusionsStatistically significant improvement in composite scores after viewing the RFUCEV makes it reasonable to require compulsory parental education prior to signing up a child to play rugby. This would build on the protocol changes made by the RFU in 2014 and further progress the safety of the sport. We suggest the video be improved to emphasise the areas highlighted as inadequately understood, including the increased risk of concussion in under-18s compared to adults.

scholarly journals Factors associated with physical inactivity among female and male rural adolescents in Borneo – a cross-sectional study

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whye Lian Cheah ◽  
Hazmi Helmy ◽  
Ching Thon Chang
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Rural communities have shown marked increase in metabolic syndrome among young people, with physical inactivity as one of the main contributing factors. This study aimed to determine factors associated with physical inactivity among male and female rural adolescents in a sample of schools in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 145 students aged 13–15 years. Data on socio-demographic, health-related, and psychosocial factors (perceived barriers, self-efficacy, social influences) were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Anthropometric measurement was taken to generate body mass index (BMI)-for-age, while physical activity (PA) level was assessed using pedometers. The mean steps per day was 6251.37 (SD=3085.31) with males reported as being more active. About 27% of the respondents were either overweight or obese, with more females in this group. There was no significant difference in steps among males and females (p=0.212), and nutritional status (BMI-for-age) (p=0.439). Females consistently scored higher in most items under perceived barriers, but had significantly lower scores in self-efficacy’s items. Males were more influenced by peers in terms of PA (p<0.001) and were more satisfied with their body parts (p=0.047). A significantly higher body size discrepancy score was found among females (p=0.034, CI –0.639, –0.026). PA level was low and almost one-third of the respondents were overweight and obese. Female students faced more barriers and had lower self-efficacy with regards PA. Based on the findings, it is recommended that interventions focus on reducing barriers while increasing support for PA. This is particularly important in improving the health status of the youth, especially among the females.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on peripheral arterial disease in a district of Sri Lanka: prevalence and associated factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaka Weragoda ◽  
Rohini Seneviratne ◽  
Manuj C. Weerasinghe ◽  
Mandika Wijeyaratne ◽  
Anil Samaranayaka
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Awareness of basic life support among undergraduate medical students in Syria, Iraq and Jordan: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nour Shashaa ◽  
Mohamad Shadi Alkarrash ◽  
Mohammad Nour Kitaz ◽  
Roaa Rhayim ◽  
Mohammed Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Sudden cardiac arrest considers one of the most leading cause for death in all over the world. It is important for all medical students to train basic life support. This study evaluated the awareness of basic life support among medical students. Methods An electronic questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted in November 2020 among 2114 medical student in Syria, Iraq and Jordan. We evaluated BLS skills according to mean score. A chi-squared test was used to determine if there were differences between those who attended a basic life support course and those who did not. Results 1656 of the participants (78.3%) stated that they did not attend a basic life support course. There was a significant difference between the participants from different countries where the mean score in Syria, Jordan and Iraq was 18.3, 24.3 and 18.8 respectively (p < 0.05). The participants were divided into 3 level according to total score; low (0–12), moderate (13–24) and high (25–37). In total, 18.3%, 72.8% and 8.9% of participants had high, intermediate and low level respectively. Conclusions The overall knowledge of basic life support among medical students is not adequate and need significant improvements. This study showed that an attendance a basic life support course previously had an effect on knowledge level. Hence, there is an urgent need to apply basic life support courses into the pre-clinical stage at universities.

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