scholarly journals Dietary Iron Consumption Estimates Among Women Of Reproductive Age In Kersa, Eastern Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nega Assefa ◽  
Yasir Younis Abdullahi ◽  
Aklilu Abraham ◽  
Elena C Hemler ◽  
Isabel Madzorera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Dietary Iron ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract Dietary iron inadequacy is a public health concern in developing countries. Women of reproductive age (WRA) are the most at risk for this micronutrient deficiency due to biological, socio-cultural, and dietary factors. This analysis aimed to assess estimated dietary intakes of iron (including heme and non-heme) and estimate bioavailability of dietary iron intake in Ethiopian women of reproductive age in Kersa district, Eastern Ethiopia. A total of 1140 randomly selected women from households in Kersa participated in this study. We used a non-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to assess total dietary iron consumption in WRA. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using modified Poisson regression to evaluate factors for inadequate dietary iron intake. The median usual iron consumption was 24.7 mg/d and 41.8 % of WRA were at risk for iron inadequacy. The following factors were associated with a greater likelihood for the risk of iron inadequacy: seasonal (APR 1.56; 95% CI 1.36-1.80) and part-time (APR 1.75; 95% CI 1.45-2.12) agricultural employment, market food source (APR 1.30; 95% CI 1.14-1.49), old age (APR 1.29; 95% CI 1.05-1.60) and low women’s dietary diversity (APR 2.34; 95% CI 1.88-2.91). Two-fifths of women had an inadequate dietary iron intake. Improving dietary diversity and food security, fortifying staple foods that have low iron bioavailability, and increasing animal-based foods and fruit consumption with meals would help to decrease the burden of iron dietary inadequacy and deficiency in WRA.

scholarly journals Double Fortified Salt Intervention Improved Iron Intake But Not Energy and Other Nutrient Intakes in Female Tea Plantation Workers From West Bengal, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudha Venkatramanan ◽  
Grace Marquis ◽  
Lynnette Neufeld ◽  
Michael Wenger ◽  
Laura Murray-Kolb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dietary Iron ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Time Points

Background: Iron deficiency is a global public health concern and has implications on the health status of women in reproductive age. Objective: We hypothesized that improving iron intake with double fortified salt would improve food intake, resulting in higher energy, nutrient intakes, and weight indicators of female tea plantation workers. Methods: In this randomized double-masked study, the participants (n = 245) were assigned to receive salt double fortified with iron and iodine (DFS; treatment) or salt fortified with iodine (control) and followed for 7.5 to 9 months. Dietary intakes were measured at three time points, baseline, midpoint, and end line using (1) food frequency questionnaire, (2) 24-hour recall, and (3) weighed lunch intake. Anthropometric measures of height (cm), weight (kg), and mid-upper arm circumference (cm) were also recorded at three time points. Mixed-model repeated-measures approach was used to detect group differences across time. Results: Double fortified salt improved dietary iron intake in the treatment group compared to the control group ( P < .001). No other dietary or anthropometric differences could be attributed to treatment. Significant effect of time was observed in the intake frequency of major food groups and calcium, vitamin A and C ( P <.001 for all), suggesting an equal effect of seasonality in both the groups. Conclusion: Addition of DFS in the diet improved dietary iron intake but did not affect the intake of energy, other nutrients, or nutritional status indicators. The improvement observed in the dietary iron intake demonstrates that fortification is an effective strategy to address iron deficiency in at-risk populations.

scholarly journals Consumption of dietary folate estimates and its implication for reproductive outcome among women of reproductive age in Kersa: cross-sectional survey

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nega Assefa ◽  
Yasir Y. Abdullahi ◽  
Aklilu Abraham ◽  
Elena C. Hemler ◽  
Isabel Madzorera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Folate Intake ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Dietary Folate

Abstract Background Dietary folate inadequacy is one the most common micronutrient deficiencies that cause neural tube defect (NTD) among infants in Sub-Saharan African countries. This study aims to determine the dietary intake of folate among women of reproductive age (WRA) of Kersa, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study took place among voluntary women that were selected from 1140 random households. Using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire, participant’s weekly dietary intake history of Ethiopian foods and dietary folate intake was worked out. Statistical analysis was done at a 95% confidence interval. Modified Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with dietary folate consumption. Result The estimated median usual intake of folate was 170 μg/d (IQR: 118.3; 252.2) and about 33% of WRA had low folate intake and 73.9% were at risk for folate inadequacy. From the reported food groups, Beans and Peas, Starchy staples, and Vitamin-A rich dark-green leafy vegetables were the top three ranked foods that contributed much of the dietary folate. The following conditions were statistically related to dietary folate inadequacy; women’s age, being in poor wealth index, low dietary diversity, having seasonal employment, and reliance on market food sources. Conclusions We found that women’s dietary intake of folate in Kersa is very low and cannot protect their offspring from the risk of having NTD. They could also potentially be predisposed to poor health outcomes. Diversifying and fortification of Ethiopian wheats and salts could decrease the burden of folate deficiency in the country.

scholarly journals Consumption of Dietary Folate Estimates and Its Implication for Reproductive Outcome among Women of Reproductive Age in Kersa: Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nega Assefa ◽  
Yasir Y Abdullahi ◽  
Aklilu Abrham ◽  
Elena C Hemler ◽  
Isabel Madzorera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Folate Intake ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Dietary Folate

Abstract Background: Dietary folate inadequacy is one the most common micronutrient deficiencies that causes neural tube defect (NTD) among infants in Sub-Saharan African countries. This study aims to determine the dietary intake of folate among women of reproductive age (WRA) of Kersa, Eastern Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study took place among voluntary women that were selected from 1140 random households. Using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire, participants weekly dietary intake history of Ethiopian foods and dietary folate intake was worked out. Statistical analysis was done at 95% confidence interval. Modified Poisson regression was used to identify factors that associated with dietary folate consumptionResult: The estimated median usual intake of folate was 170 ug/d (IQR: 118.3; 252.2) and about 33% WRA had low folate intake and 73.9% were at risk for folate inadequacy. From the reported food groups, Beans and Peas, Starchy staples, and Vitamin-A rich dark-green leafy vegetables were the top three ranked foods that contributed much of the dietary folate. The following conditions were statistically related with dietary folate inadequacy; women’s age, being in poor wealth index, low dietary diversity, having seasonal employment, and reliance on market food source.Conclusions: We found that women’s dietary intake of folate in Kersa is very low and cannot protect their offspring from having NTD. They could also potentially be predisposed poor health outcomes. Diversifying and fortification Ethiopian wheats and salts could decrease the burden of folate deficiency in the country.

scholarly journals Dietary Iron Intake in Women of Reproductive Age in Europe: A Review of 49 Studies from 29 Countries in the Period 1993–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Thorm Milman
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Dietary Iron ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Dietary Reference Values ◽  
Dietary Surveys

Objective. Assessment of dietary iron intake in women of reproductive age in Europe. Design. Review. Setting. Literature search of dietary surveys reporting intake of iron using PubMed, Internet browsers, and national nutrient databases in the period 1993–2015. Subjects. Women of reproductive age. Results. 49 dietary surveys/studies in 29 European countries were included. Belgium, Bosnia, Denmark, Hungary, Italy, Northern Ireland, Serbia, Scotland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom/England, and Wales reported a median/mean iron intake of 7.6–9.9 mg/day. Finland, Iceland, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, and Spain reported an intake of 10.0–10.7 mg/day. Austria, Estonia, France, and Russia reported an intake of 11.0–11.9 mg/day. Latvia and Germany reported an intake of 12.0–12.2 mg/day. Croatia, Lithuania, Portugal, and Slovakia reported an intake of 15.9–19.0 mg/day. The percentage of dietary iron consisting of heme iron, reported in 7 studies, varied from 4.3% in United Kingdom to 25% in Spain. Nutrient density for iron (mg iron/10 MJ, median/mean) varied from 11.8 in Sweden to 23.0 in Lithuania. The correlation between nutrient density and dietary iron was significant (p=0.0006). In most countries, the majority of women had a dietary iron intake below 15 mg/day. In Belgium, Denmark, Hungary, and Sweden, 91–95% of women had an intake below 15 mg/day. In Ireland and Germany, 61–78% had an intake below 15 mg/day. Conclusions. In Europe, 61–97% of women have a dietary iron intake below 15 mg/day. This contributes to a low iron status in many women. We need common European standardized dietary methods, uniform dietary reference values, and uniform statistical methods to perform intercountry comparisons.

Patterns and correlates of ownership and utilization of insecticide-treated bed-nets for malaria control among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in Malawi

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
James Forty ◽  
Mpho Keetile
Keyword(s):  
Primary Education ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Malaria Indicator Survey ◽  
Poor Women

Abstract Malaria is a major public health concern in Malawi. This study explored the patterns and correlates of ownership and utilization of ITNs for malaria control among women of reproductive age in Malawi. Data were derived from the multi-stage cross-sectional Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS) conducted in 2017, which followed ITN distribution in 2012 and 2015. Of the 3860 sampled women aged 15–49 years, 88% (3398/3860) and 64% (2473/3860) reported that they owned and utilized ITNs, respectively. Adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of ownership of ITNs were significantly low among women with no education (AOR = 0.36, CI = 0.18–0.72), those with primary education (AOR = 0.50, CI = 0.27–0.94) and poor women (AOR = 0.70, CI = 0.51–0.97). Similarly, the odds of utilization of ITNs were significantly low among women with no education, (AOR = 0.40, CI = 0.26–0.63), primary education (AOR = 0.53, CI = 0.36–0.78) and poor women (AOR = 0.70, CI = 0.51–0.97). Furthermore, the odds of utilization of ITNs were significantly low among women living in households without a radio (AOR = 0.79, CI = 0.67–0.93) and those who have not seen or heard a malaria message in the last 6 months (AOR = 0.74, CI = 0.64–0.87). In order to prevent malaria morbidity and mortality among women of reproductive age, especially those from poor households, the Malawi government and relevant stakeholders need to continue the free distribution of ITNs to the poor and encourage social behaviours that promote the ownership and utilization of ITNs.

scholarly journals A Social Norms-Based Intervention Improves Dietary Diversity among Women in Rural India: The Reduction in Anemia through Normative Innovations (RANI) Project

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2822
Author(s):  
Sameera A. Talegawkar ◽  
Yichen Jin ◽  
Erica Sedlander ◽  
Rohini Ganjoo ◽  
Satyaranjan Behera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Learning Modules ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
And Control ◽  
Minimum Dietary Diversity

Diet diversity has an important role in the prevention and treatment of anemia. Based on formative research in the community and the theory of normative social behavior, we designed an intervention to improve diet diversity among women of reproductive age. Our study, the Reduction in Anemia through Normative Innovations (RANI) Project, investigated the effect of a social norms-based intervention on diet diversity among women of reproductive age. We randomized villages in Odisha, India, into treatment or control arms, with a minimum of one village buffer between them. We assessed exposure to the intervention by frequency of self-reported images seen from the participatory learning modules, videos watched, and number of hemoglobin tests administered. We assessed diet diversity with the Food and Agriculture Organization’s Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) questionnaire. We used multiple logistic regression to examine the associations between intervention and diet diversity, adjusting for covariates. Compared with baseline, diet diversity score increased in both treatment and control groups. The odds of having a diverse diet was 47% higher in the treatment group. Higher level of exposure to the RANI intervention was associated with a better diet diversity score, indicating that the intervention was effective in improving diet quality.

The impact of probiotic supplementation on metabolic health in healthy women of reproductive age: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 10279-10289
Author(s):  
David F. Byrne ◽  
Aisling A. Geraghty ◽  
Cara A. Yelverton ◽  
Eileen F. Murphy ◽  
Douwe Van Sinderen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Preventative Measure ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
The Impact

Products containing probiotics are targeted at healthy or at-risk individuals as a preventative measure to minimise disease risk.

scholarly journals Depression among women of reproductive age in rural Bangladesh is linked to food security, diets and nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalia M Sparling ◽  
Jillian L Waid ◽  
Amanda S Wendt ◽  
Sabine Gabrysch
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Dominance Analysis ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition

AbstractObjective:To quantify the relationship between screening positive for depression and several indicators of the food and nutrition environment in Bangladesh.Design:We used cross-sectional data from the Food and Agricultural Approaches to Reducing Malnutrition (FAARM) trial in Bangladesh to examine the association of depression in non-peripartum (NPW) and peripartum women (PW) with food and nutrition security using multivariable logistic regression and dominance analysis.Setting:Rural north-eastern Bangladesh.Participants:Women of reproductive age.Results:Of 2599 women, 40 % were pregnant or up to 1 year postpartum, while 60 % were not peripartum. Overall, 20 % of women screened positive for major depression. In the dominance analysis, indicators of food and nutrition security were among the strongest explanatory factors of depression. Food insecurity (HFIAS) and poor household food consumption (FCS) were associated with more than double the odds of depression (HFIAS: NPW OR = 2·74 and PW OR = 3·22; FCS: NPW OR = 2·38 and PW OR = 2·44). Low dietary diversity (<5 food groups) was associated with approximately double the odds of depression in NPW (OR = 1·80) and PW (OR = 1·99). Consumption of dairy, eggs, fish, vitamin A-rich and vitamin C-rich foods was associated with reduced odds of depression. Anaemia was not associated with depression. Low BMI (<18·5 kg/m2) was also associated with depression (NPW: OR = 1·40).Conclusions:Depression among women in Bangladesh was associated with many aspects of food and nutrition security, also after controlling for socio-economic factors. Further investigation into the direction of causality and interventions to improve diets and reduce depression among women in low- and middle-income countries are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Micronutrient Status and Dietary Diversity of Women of Reproductive Age in Rural Pakistan

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3407
Author(s):  
Anna K. M. Brazier ◽  
Nicola M. Lowe ◽  
Mukhtiar Zaman ◽  
Babar Shahzad ◽  
Heather Ohly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Rural Pakistan ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
Iron Deficient

Consuming a diverse diet is essential to ensure an adequate intake of micronutrients. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status and dietary diversity of women of reproductive age (WRA) living in a marginalized community in rural Pakistan. Forty-seven WRA (35 ± 7 years old) who were not pregnant or lactating at enrollment, were recruited to participate in the study. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall interviews were conducted by the study nutritionist, and the data collected were used to create a minimum dietary diversity for women score (MDD-W) on five occasions during the monsoon and winter seasons (October to February). Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometry and biochemical markers of micronutrient status. Height and weight were used to determine body mass index (BMI), and mid-upper-arm circumference was measured. Plasma zinc, iron, and selenium concentrations were measured using inductively coupled mass spectrometry, and iron status was assessed using serum ferritin and blood hemoglobin concentrations. The mean (±SD) food group diversity score was 4 ± 1 with between 26% and 41% of participants achieving an MDD-W of 5. BMI was 27.2 ± 5.5 kg/m2 with 28% obese, 34% overweight, and 6% underweight. The prevalence of zinc deficiency, based on plasma zinc concentration, was 29.8%; 17% of the participants had low plasma selenium levels; 8.5% were iron deficient; and 2% were suffering from iron deficiency anemia. The findings indicate that the women living in this community consume a diet that has a low diversity, consistent with a diet low in micronutrients, and that zinc deficiency is prevalent. Public health interventions aimed at increasing the dietary diversity of WRA are needed to improve the micronutrient intake, particularly of zinc, in this population.

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