scholarly journals Effects of Straw Returning on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Diversity Under the Rice-crayfish Integrated System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuxiu Zhu ◽  
Chenglin Peng ◽  
Guohan Si ◽  
Aihua Sha ◽  
Jiafu Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Reducing Substances

Abstract This study represents the investigation of soil physicochemical properties and microbial diversity by the Biolog ECO analysis in a 7-year field experiment using winter flooded fallow + no straw returning (W), winter flooded fallow + straw returning (WS), and winter flooded fallow + straw returning + crayfish farming (WSC) at soil depths of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Compared with the W treatment, the WS treatment has significantly more total reducing substances in the 0-10 cm layer and sucrase activity in the 0-20 cm layer. The WSC treatment has significantly more available N (AN), total N (TN) contents, acid phosphatase and sucrase activities in the 10-20 cm layer, while the pH value, total reducing substances, and Fe2+ content in the 0-20 cm layer was considerably lower compared with the WS treatment. Biolog ECO analysis reveals that microbial community composition in the WS and WSC treatments differs from that in the W treatment in the 0-20cm layer. The WS treatment increases significantly the diversity of bacterial community and the ability of utilizing carbon sources in the 0-10 cm layer, and the species abundance of bacterial community in the 0-20 cm layer. Meanwhile, in the 10-20 cm soil layer, the WSC treatment improves the species abundance of bacterial community and the ability of utilizing carbon sources compared with the WS treatment. These results indicate that straw returning under the rice-crayfish integrated system improves soil physicochemical properties, decreases reducing substances properties, and increases soil enzyme activity and functional diversity of microbial community, thereby contributing to soil condition.

scholarly journals Insight into the Characteristics of Soil Microbial Diversity during the Ecological Restoration of Mines: A Case Study in Dabaoshan Mining Area, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11684
Author(s):  
Li Fan ◽  
Weiping Zhao ◽  
Wendan Feng ◽  
Ping Mo ◽  
Yunlin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Soil Restoration ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial

Soil microorganisms play an important role in regulating a variety of ecological functions. In recent years, the research on ecological restoration after mining has made people more aware of the importance of microbial diversity to ecosystem restoration. The present study investigated the effect of ecological restoration on microbial community structure and its relationship with soil physicochemical properties in the Dabaoshan mining area, China. High throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze and compare the microbial community composition of three types of soil (undamaged area, unrestoration area, and ecological restoration area). The contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were 2.38–12.97 g/kg, 0.39–1.62 g/kg, and 0.99–1.51 g/kg, respectively. In different soil states, undamaged area and ecological restoration area were significantly higher than those in unrestoration area. The results showed that the structure of soil microbial community was significantly correlated with soil physicochemical properties, and formations in the repaired and unrepaired soils were different. Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) cluster analysis and diversity index analysis showed that soil microbial community changed at phylum and genus levels. The results showed that at the phylum level, all soil samples contained Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and actinobacteria. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria of the ecological restoration area (ER1, ER2) were the highest in relative abundance compared with other samples, accounting for more than 45%. Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were the dominant phylum in the undamaged area (UD), accounting for 32.7% and 22.3%, respectively. It can be seen that soil restoration produced a new dominant population, and Proteobacteria showed an absolute competitive advantage in the mining soil.

scholarly journals Time-course relationship between environmental factors and microbial diversity in tobacco soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaobao Wang ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Yuzhen Xia ◽  
Tao Wu ◽  
Jie Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Tobacco Cultivation

AbstractSoil physicochemical properties and microbial diversity both play equally important roles in tobacco cultivation. However, the relationship between these factors remains unclear. In this study, we investigated their correlations through the whole tobacco growth period, including the pretransplanting (YX-p), root extending (R), flourishing (F), and mature (M) stages in the Yuxi region of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau by measuring physicochemical properties and conducting 16S/18S rRNA analysis. The analysis demonstrated that the microbial community richness and diversity continuously changed along with the growth course of the tobacco. Multiple environmental factors showed a certain correlation with the diversity of microbial communities. Some bacteria could accumulate nitrogen during the growth stages, and the diversity of the bacterial community also increased when the content of organic matter rose. In addition, the water content and available K also influenced the diversity of the microbial community. The dynamic changes in soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities gave rise to differences in the microbial community composition and structure, all of which affected the growth of tobacco. This study revealed the time-course relationship between environmental factors and microbial diversity in tobacco soil. An understanding of this relationship provides guidance for research on the interaction system of plants, soil and microbes and on improving plant yield and quality.

Soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community composition jointly affect crop yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 4358-4372
Author(s):  
Meiqi Chen ◽  
Jisheng Xu ◽  
Zengqiang Li ◽  
Bingzi Zhao ◽  
Jiabao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties

Effects of Ecological Projects on Grassland Soil Physicochemical Properties in Three-River Headwater

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 843-847
Author(s):  
Xu Dong Zhao ◽  
De Gang Zhang ◽  
Li Na Shi ◽  
Yong Shun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Artificial Grassland

The depth variations of soil physicochemical properties in the degraded native grasslands and the artificially restored grasslands were studied in the Three-river headwater areas of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, China. The results showed: (1) With the increase of the gradient of restoration years, soil water content, total chemical properties, total potassium, phosphorus, available phosphorus and potassium were increased thereafter in the artificial grasslands. (2) With the increase of grassland degradation gradient, soil water content was gradually reduced, and the total N, K, the organic matter didnt gradually reduced also. (3) Both restoration years and degradation degree didnt influence the nutrient distribution in soil. (4) The organic matter, total N and K of degraded grassland were increased by artificial grassland construction. Therefore, artificial grassland construction canbe used as an effective measure of ecological projects in the Three-river headwater area.

scholarly journals The earthworm’s diversity and their relationship to the soil physicochemical properties under the stands of perennial plant at the Mount Merapi forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Minarsih ◽  
Eko - Hanudin ◽  
Makruf Nurudin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Perennial Plant

Abstract. Minarsih S, Hanudin E, Nurudin M. 2021. The earthworm’s diversity and their relationship to the soil physicochemical properties under the stands of perennial plant at the Mount Merapi forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3237-3244. The study was to propose earthworm as bioindicator and its correlation to the soil physicochemical properties underneath some perennial plants. Soil samples and earthworm observation was taken out at a depth of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm under the stands of Acacia decurrens, coffee, Albizia chinensis, bamboo, snake fruit, and Acacia mangium. Soil moisture, temperature and Physico-chemical properties were measured, such as texture, pH, organic C, mineralized C, total N, mineralized N, available P, and base cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na). The results revealed that the earthworms density underneath of the stands of coffee was 105.4 ind.m-2 > snake fruit 92.6 ind.m-2 > Albizia chinensis  66.7 ind.m-2 > A. decurrens ? bamboo 40.7 ind.m-2 > A. mangium 37.0 ind.m-2. The dominant species of the earthworms found at a depth of 0-10 cm consisted of four species, namely: Pheretima hamayana, Pheretima californica, Eudrillus eugeniae, and Eiseniella tetraeda. Meanwhile, the earthworms diversity underneath the stands of coffee was H’=1.26 > A. mangium H’=1.03 > Albizia chinensis  H'=0.69 > ?H'=0.69 > bamboo H'=0.59. The soil physicochemical properties was positively correlated to the earthworms density was C-mineralized (r = 0.823) ? soil moisture (r = 0.585) ? available K (r = 0.529) ? available Ca (r = 0.505) ? available Mg (0.494). The results could be concluded that labile organic carbon, water, and alkaline cations were the important factors in improving soil biological fertility in the active volcano area.

scholarly journals Increased Tea Saponin Content Influences The Diversity and Function of Plantation Soil Microbiomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouke Zhang ◽  
Junqia Kong ◽  
Zikun Li ◽  
Feng Song ◽  
Xinhua He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
The Core ◽  
Tea Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content

Abstract Background Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) can affect the structures and functions of soil microbiomes. However, the core bacteria associated with PSMs, and their corresponding functions have not been explored extensively. In this study, soil physicochemical properties, tea saponin contents, microbial community compositions, and microbial community functions of different-age Camellia oleifera plantation soils from representative regions were analyzed. We evaluated the effects of plantation age increase on PSM accumulation, and the subsequent consequences on the structures and functions of soil microbiomes. Results Plantation ages increase positively corresponded with accumulated tea saponin contents, with negative effects on soil physicochemical properties, and soil microbiome structures and functions. Older plantation soil microbiomes exhibited simpler structures, lower diversity, and relatively looser putative interactions based on network analysis. Clearly, the core functions of soil microbiomes transitioned to those associated with PSM metabolisms, while microbial pathways involved in cellulose degradation were inhibited. Degradation experiments further confirmed that older plantation soils exhibited the higher capacity on tea saponin degradation but poorer on furfural. Conclusions This study systematically explored the influences of PSMs on soil microbiomes via the investigation of key bacterial populations and their functional pathways. With the increase of planting years, increased tea saponin content simplified the soil microbiomes diversity, inhibited the degradation of organic matter, and enriched the genes related to the degradation of tea saponin. These findings significantly advance our understanding on PSMs-microbiome interactions and could provide fundamental and important data for sustainable management of Camellia plantations.

Effects of Interactions within a Three-Membered Microbial Community on the Kinetics of Dual Substrate Removal in Continuous Culture

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
C. P. Leslie Grady ◽  
Yunn-Tzer Lu
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Continuous Culture ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Dual Substrate

A bacterial community containing a generalist and two specialists was grown in continuous culture at three dilution rates on a feed containing L-lysine and 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) as the only carbon sources. The lysine degrading specialist maintained stable but oscillatory numbers whereas the generalist declined in number throughout each experiment. The 2-CP degrading specialist initially washed out of the culture, but then increased in number over time. No changes in the effluent lysine and 2-CP concentrations could be correlated with the changes in the community structure.

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