scholarly journals More heads and less categories: A new look at noun phrase structure

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Beavers
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Operational Semantics ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Selectional Restrictions ◽  
Generalized Quantifier ◽  
New Look

Much literature in syntax has assumed that all noun phrases are categorically headed by the determiner or the noun, with well-formedness categorial in nature. In this paper I develop a theory of noun phrase structure in which both categories project noun phrases, arguing that this better fits the indeterminacy of the criteria often cited for determining headedness (Zwicky, 1985, inter alia). The only categorial differences between determiners and nouns are their semantics and selectional restrictions, and the conditions that determine well-formedness are semantic in nature. Specifically, a well-formed noun phrase must have some restrictive semantics associated with nouns coupled with some operational semantics associated with determiners (e.g. as a generalized quantifier), and from this I show how we can derive structural well-formedness. Thus the need for categorial well-formedness is nullified, providing an analysis with greater cross-linguistic import, being compatible with languages without determiners.

scholarly journals Complexity in the Noun Phrase Structure of the Nigerian EFCC Act

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Usman Muhammed Bello ◽  
Rachel Afegbua Zainab
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Prepositional Phrases ◽  
The Times ◽  
Post Modification

This research examines the noun phrase structure in the EFCC Act. Other English phrases (verb, adjectival, adverbial, and prepositional phrases) are unimportant to this study except, of course, when they relate to noun phrase. The design for the research is qualitative/content analysis. The EFCC Act provides the data for the study. Noun phrases of different realisations are randomly selected from the text in order to establish the extent of their complexity or otherwise by categorizing the kinds of structure that pre-modify or post-modify the head word. These are further examined in order to establish the extent of their complexity or otherwise by categorizing the kinds of structure that pre-modify or post-modify the head word. The analysis is based on the MHQ models. Findings show that the Act is populated with complex noun phrases, and this complexity, most of the times, lies in post-modification and, at other times, in pre-modification. Sometimes, both pre-modification and post-modification are responsible for this complexity. However, complexity is more realized through post-modification than pre-modification. This complexity is a result of an attempt to restrict or limit the sense of the headword or an attempt to reduce meaning to possible exactitude or clarity.

scholarly journals FUNGSI EKSTERNAL DAN KATEGORI FRASE NOMINA BAHASA MELAYU MANADO

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhode Margareth Dongalemba
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
External Function ◽  
The Subject

This research entitled “External Fuctions and Categories of Noun Phrase in Malay Manado Language”. The analysis of this research focuses on describes the external functions and categories of noun phrase structure in Malay Manado language. This research contributes to the development of linguistics in the field of Syntactic especially External Fuctions and Categories of Noun Phrase in Malay Manado Language.The methodology that used in this research is desciptive method. The data is taken from interview natives people by using some social media like WhatsApp, Facebook, instagram, and as well as interview by face-to-face. All the data is primary which is the data obtained comes from first hand or original sources.The collected data are identified and analyzed in term of how the external function and categories of noun phrase is performed in the language by using Aarts & Aarts’s theory (1982).The writer found 16 sentences data in Malay Manado language. The syntactic external function level is filled by subject, predicate, and adverb. The level of the external category, noun phrases attached to the subject function are 11 clauses, noun phrases that attach to the predicate function are 11 clauses, and noun phrases attached to the adverb are 4 clauses.Keyword : Syntactics, Function, Category, Malay Manado Language

Ordering patterns

2020 ◽  
pp. 387-394
Author(s):  
Gerjan van Schaaik
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Tabular Form ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
Constituent Order ◽  
Constituent Ordering

After an extensive account of the basics of Turkish grammar, this chapter offers nothing but ordering principles: the first two sections are about the morphotactics of nouns and verbs, and noun phrase structure. All this is represented in tabular form. The ordering principles for noun phrases (including adverbial and postpositional phrases) in a clause is dealt with next, and thus, constituent order in nominal, existential, and verbal sentences is discussed in the third section. Dependent clauses are the topic of the fourth section, which also gives an overview of verbal linking suffixes to form such clauses. The final section shows that constituent ordering in verbal sentences can better be understood in terms of the pragmatic notions Topic and Focus than in terms of traditional distribution of Subject and Objects (SOV).

Syntactic, semantic and information structures of floating quantifiers

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Otoguro ◽  
Liselotte Snijders
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Information Structures ◽  
Recent Proposal ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Floating Quantifiers ◽  
The One

Quantifiers canonically attach to nouns or noun phrases as modifiers to specify the amount or number of the entity expressed by the noun. However, it has been observed that quantifiers can be positioned outside of the noun phrase. These so-called floating quantifiers (FQs) exhibit intriguing syntactic and semantic characteristics. On the one hand, they appear to have a closerelationship with a noun; semantically they quantify a noun in the same way as non-floating quantifiers, and quite often they exhibit agreement with the noun. On the other hand, their phrase structure distribution is very similar to that of VP-adverbs. In this paper, we argue that the distribution of FQs is constrained not purely by syntax, but also by information structure. We show that FQs play a focus role whereas modified nouns are reference-oriented topic expressions. Building upon Dalrymple and Nikolaeva’s (2011) recent proposal, we formulate the interaction between syntactic, semantic and information structure features of FQs within LFG’s projection architecture.

scholarly journals STRUKTUR DAN MAKNA FRASA NOMINAL DALAM BAHASA MAANYAN

TELAGA BAHASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dwiani Septiana
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Noun Phrases

The purpose of this reserach is to describe structure and meaning of nounphrases in Maanyan language using theory of phrase structure fromBa’dulu. The data for this research are sentences in Maanyan languagecontaining noun phrases. The data were analyzed with agih method andseveral advenced techniques. The results indicate that noun phrases in BMare endocentric phrases with noun as the centre. There are eight structuresof noun phrases in BM, noun as the centre followed by (1) noun or pronounas the attribute, (2) active verb or adjective as the attribute, (3) passive verband noun as the attribute with ‘sa’ as the marker, (4) adjectiva anddemonstrative pronoun as the attribute with sa’ as the marker, (5) two ormore noun as the attribute, (6) preposisional phrase, and noun as the centrepreceded by numeral and ‘hi’ as the attribute. Noun phrase in BM haveseveral meaning, such as, summation, election, equality, explainatory,barrier, determinants, number and appellations.

scholarly journals Zu syntaktischen Eigenheiten des Merkmals Person im Deutschen

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
Teuta Abrashi
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Written Language ◽  
German Language ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Grammatical Categories ◽  
Syntactic Relations

Obwohl das Merkmal Person zu den grundlegenden grammatischen Merkmalen gehört und der Eindruck besteht, dass alles darüber ausgesagt wurde, sieht es aber aus, dass einige Gegebenheiten noch genauer behandelt werden müssen. Dieser Beitrag untersucht, ob die deutschen Nominalphrasen, die als Kern kein Personalpronomen haben, auch andere Merkmale als das der 3. Person tragen können. Es wird gezeigt, dass Anredeformen nur die 2. Person beanspruchen. Demzufolge wird die nur 3. Person Annahme vorgeschlagen, die in allen deskriptiven Grammatiken deutscher Sprache akzeptiert ist, zu modifizieren. Genauer gesagt, sollte das Merkmal 2. Person für jede Nominal­phrase vorgegeben werden, die die charakteristische Vokativ- Intonationskontur in der gesproche­nen Sprache hat oder mit einem bestimmten Vokativ- Interpunktionszeichen in der geschriebenen Sprache erfolgt. Somit könnten die Schwierigkeiten bei der Darlegung von Kongruenz/Rektion ver­mieden werden.Syntactic peculiarities of the feature person in GermanAlthough the feature Person belongs to the basic grammatical categories and the impression is that everything has been said, it seems, however, that some matters must be treated in more details. Con­cretely, this article will investigate if German noun phrases which heads are no personal pronouns, could hold other person feature than the 3rd person which is specified in the lexicon. It will be shown that quasi-vocative noun phrases hold 2nd person only. Consequently, proposal is to modify 3rd person only assumption which is accepted in all descriptive grammars of German language. Specifically, the person feature should be fixed to 2nd person feature for any noun phrase which has a characteristic vocative-intonation contour in the speaking language or is followed with a specific punctuation for vocative noun phrases in written language. In this way all possible problematic issues related to syntactic relations agreement/government and noun phrase structure could be avoided.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMING NOUN PHRASE STRUCTURE FORM INTO RULES TO DETECT COMPOUND NOUNS IN MALAY SENTENCES

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhaimi Abdul Rahman ◽  
Nazlia Omar
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Structure Form ◽  
Compound Nouns ◽  
Numeral Classifier ◽  
Data Requirements

This paper addresses the process of transforming the noun phrase structure form into a list of rules to detect compound noun words in Malay sentences. Rules are collection of word syntax that are derived from a specific resource (as defined in our study). Comprehension of the concept rule used in a system is important (i.e. using rules to find a list of compound nouns that may exist in a sentence). The noun phrase frame structure is a form that contains a list of noun modifier categories. The list of noun modifier categories is then divided into several sub-categories such as numeral, numeral classifier, appellation, etc. All categories are arranged in sequence based on correct grammar. The noun phrase frame structure is then used to analyse the sentence. The words in the sentence will be arranged according to their suitable noun modifier category as defined by the noun phrase frame structure. In terms of data requirements, we will only focus on examples of sentences that combine two noun phrases.  

scholarly journals Noun-Phrase Structure by Reprojection

Syntax ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doreen Georgi ◽  
Gereon Müller
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Phrase Structure

scholarly journals A Machine Learning Approach to Coreference Resolution of Noun Phrases

2001 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wee Meng Soon ◽  
Hwee Tou Ng ◽  
Daniel Chung Yong Lim
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Noun Phrase ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Coreference Resolution ◽  
Machine Learning Approach

In this paper, we present a learning approach to coreference resolution of noun phrases in unrestricted text. The approach learns from a small, annotated corpus and the task includes resolving not just a certain type of noun phrase (e.g., pronouns) but rather general noun phrases. It also does not restrict the entity types of the noun phrases; that is, coreference is assigned whether they are of “organization,” “person,” or other types. We evaluate our approach on common data sets (namely, the MUC-6 and MUC-7 coreference corpora) and obtain encouraging results, indicating that on the general noun phrase coreference task, the learning approach holds promise and achieves accuracy comparable to that of nonlearning approaches. Our system is the first learning-based system that offers performance comparable to that of state-of-the-art nonlearning systems on these data sets.

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