scholarly journals Current carbon storage in forests of two ecoregions of Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.А. Усольцев ◽  
В.Ф. Ковязин ◽  
И.С. Цепордей
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Carbon Deposition ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Biomass Expansion Factors ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

В связи с глобальным потеплением климата оценка углеродного цикла в лесных экосистемах приобрела особое значение. Один из методов определения депонированного в лесах углерода основан на использовании конверсионных коэффициентов биомассы (ККБ) и данных Государственного учета лесного фонда (ГУЛФ). Путем объединения моделей ККБ с данными ГУЛФ в двух экорегионах России – таежном и лесостепном – было установлено, что за 20–25- летний период накопление органического углерода в таежной зоне значительно меньше (5%) по сравнению с лесостепной зоной (39%). Несмотря на существующие риски стихийных бедствий в лесостепном экотоне, за четверть века наблюдается значительный рост депонированного углерода. Это произошло вследствие высокой доли молодняков в начале анализируемого периода, обладающих повышенным приростом по отношению к спелым древостоям. Сопоставимые результаты были получены одним и тем же методом в разных экорегионах планеты: от 8% за 5 лет в Китае до 68% за 50 лет в Японии. Сравнение результатов, полученных предложенным методом и методом IIASA (Австрия), показало минимальное расхождение (3%), что дает основание считать полученные оценки депонирования углерода близкими к реальности. Однако сохраняется неопределенность, связанная с качеством данных ГУЛФ и депонированием углерода в почве. Due to the global warming of the climate, the assessment of the carbon cycle in forest ecosystems has become particularly important. One method for determining deposited carbon is based on the use of biomass expansion factors (BEF) and State Forest Inventory (SFI) data. By combining BEF models with SFI data in two ecoregions of Russia – taiga and forest-steppe – it was found that over a 20–25-year period, accumulating the carbon deposition in the taiga zone is significantly less (5%) compared to the forest-steppe zone (39%). Despite the existing risks of natural disasters in the forest-steppe ecotone, there is a significant increase in carbon deposition over a quarter of a century. This was due to the high proportion of young stands at the beginning of the analyzed period, which have increased growth in relation to old stands. Comparable results were obtained by the same method in different ecoregions of the planet (from 8% in 5 years in China to 68% in 50 years in Japan). A comparison of the results obtained by the proposed method and the IIASA (Austria) method showed a minimal discrepancy (3%), which gives reason to consider the above estimates of carbon deposition close to reality. However, uncertainties remain related to the quality of the SFI data and the carbon deposition in the soil.

scholarly journals Raising Hereford breed in the conditions of the Republic of Tuva

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
B. M. Ludu ◽  
B. K. Kan-ool
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Peasant Farm ◽  
The Republic

The paper presents the results of the research into the condition, number and concentration of beef cattle of Hereford breed, adapted to the natural and climatic conditions of the East Siberian region. The methodological basis of the study was formed by the methods of systematization, logical and comparative statistical analysis. The research information was based on the official materials of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Republic of Tuva on animal husbandry. Out of the total number of livestock in the region (180 748 heads), Herefords amount to 2869 heads. A comparative analysis of livestock in farms of different forms of ownership and different natural and climatic zones was carried out. The largest population of Herefords (48.94%) is concentrated in the central agricultural and livestock zone with forest-steppe and steppe subzones (by the number of animals Piy-Khem kozhuun ranks first, 19.1%). In the southern zone of dry steppes, there are 27.43% of Herefords (by the number of livestock in the Republic, Tes-Khem kozhuun ranks second, 14.7%). In the western mountain-steppe zone there are 23.63% of Herefords, the largest number is in Barun-Khemchik (7.4%) and in Bai-Taiginsky (7%) kozhuun. Specialized beef cattle have not been brought to the high-mountain Mongun-Taiginsky kozhuun of the western zone or to the eastern high-mountain taiga zone. According to the results of the analysis, taking into account the category of farms, 56.4% of Herefords are kept in peasant farm enterprises, 19.7% – in agricultural production cooperatives, 29.7% – in other agricultural enterprises. All farms practise year-round grazing. Differences in the number of Hereford cattle by districts depend on the capacities of farms and climatic breeding zones. The monitoring which was carried out will allow to determine the prospects for raising purebred cattle of a specialized type, taking into account the terrain and zone of the breeding work in the conditions of year-round grazing in the Republic of Tuva.

scholarly journals The quality of spring wheat and barley grain under the influence of protective-stimulating preparations in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012062
Author(s):  
K V Moiseeva ◽  
O V Shulepova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
The Third

Abstract The purpose of the research is to study the effect of the fungicide Lamador and the humic preparation Rostok on the quality of spring wheat and spring barley in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region. According to the yield, we found that pre-sowing seeds treatment with Lamador protectant and joint treatment with Rostock contributed to an increase in yield by 0.70 t/ha of spring wheat and 0.15 t/ha of spring barley, in the option with the pre-sowing seeds treatment with Lamador protectant and Rostock preparation by 0.90 t/ha and 0.10 t/ha. The highest yield of spring wheat was noted in the third option – 4.10 t/ha, of spring barley in the second option – 3.52 t/ha. An increase in the thousand kernel weight was noted in the crops under study. The highest thousand kernel weight was observed for spring wheat and spring barley in the third option – 30.2 g and 54.3 g, respectively. The maximum protein content in the spring wheat grain was noted in the third option –13.3%, which is higher than the control option by 1.3%, for spring barley we also noted protein increase by 0.4-0.5%. Thus, the experimental application of the fungicide Lamador together with the preparation Rostok for wheat seeds treatment demonstrated a positive effect of the protectants on plants in the agro-climatic conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen region and contributed to an increase in crop yield by 28% for spring wheat and 4% for spring barley, which proved the need for their use in the plant protection system, to increase the productivity and quality of the grain obtained.

scholarly journals Formation of corn grain quality in different directions of use depending on the technology of growing in the Forest-steppe

1970 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
V. F. Kaminskyi ◽  
N. M. Asanishvili
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products ◽  
Corn Grain

Purpose. The aim of the research conducted during 2016-2019 was to determine the impact of technological methods on the indicators of corn grain quality to optimize the elements of growing technology depending on the directions of use in conditions of the Forest-Steppe natural zone of Ukraine. Methods – field, quantitative and weight, chemical, comparative and calculation, mathematical and statistical. Results. On the results of the research, dependences of formation of quality of grain on the content of protein, starch, fat in it and correlation dependencies between these indicators and yield of corn have been revealed. The best quality of grain of a forage and food direction is formed when applying high doses of mineral fertilizers, and for processing on bioethanol the optimal content of starch and protein is guaranteed at optimum and raised level of fertilizing. It was established that the content of protein, starch and fat had less effect on their yield from 1 hectare than the general yield level. The technologies of cultivation of different intensity as to their possible application for the production of grain of different directions of use with the given quality parameters, the yield of protein, starch, fat and bioethanol have been evaluated. Conclusions. The technology of corn growing with complex application of intensification elements in conditions of the Forest-Steppe zone, which includes introduction of N240P120K240 on the background of by-products of its predecessor, application of the soil and insurance herbicide, plant growth and micro-fertilizers is suitable for fodder and food purposes and ensured the yield of 12.1 t/ha of grain with protein content and yield – 10.56% and 1.28 t/ha, fat – 4.29% and 0.52 t/ha, starch – 71.27% and 8.62 t/ha. For processing on bioethanol effective is the technology of corn growing with the introduction of N180P120K180, by-products of the predecessor, soil herbicide and bio-stimulants, which provided a yield of 9.76 t/ha of grain with a starch content of 72.26% for the yield of 7.05 t/ha and yield of bioethanol at the level of 3982 l/ha.

scholarly journals Efficiency of organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” in mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 (10) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Larisa Ikoeva ◽  
Oksana Haeva
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
North Ossetia

Abstract. The authors present the results of the application of complex organo-mineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. The purpose of the work is to study the effectiveness of the use of the organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on the yield and nutrition of mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. Methods. Studies on the tasks were carried out in 2016–2018 at the experimental site of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mountain and Foothill Agriculture – branch of the Federal Center “Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania according to generally accepted methods. The soil of the experimental plot is medium-power heavy loamy leached chernozem, lined with pebbles. Results. The use of fertilizer “Bioklad” had a significant impact on the timing, fullness of shoots and the density of standing plants up to harvest. The field germination rate for peas varied between 70,5 and 72,4 %, while the oat rate was 76,4 to 80 %. The option with seed inoculation was highlighted. According to the dynamics of the height of the plants also stood out the option with the inoculation of seeds. The use of complex fertilizer “Bioklad” had a positive effect on the yield and quality of the green mass of oats with peas. The largest amount of phytomass was obtained under the variant with inoculation of seeds – 283,3 c/ha, which is higher than the control version at 68,3 c/ha. In terms of the content of digestible protein, the harvest of the mixture of oats with peas exceeded the zootechnical norm, the yield from one hectare reached 6,0–6,9 c/ha, against 5,2 c/ha in control, which per feed unit was 113,7–119,9 g. The collection of feed units amounted to 50,02–60,68 kg/ha, and in the control 44,23 kg/ha, feed protein units, respectively: 55,01–64,84 kg/ha; 48,12 kg/ha. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania studied the effect of complex organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on plant growth processes, formation of green mass, quality of products in a two-component mixture (oats + peas).

scholarly journals Hylobius species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Siberia and the distribution patterns of adults feeding in Scots pine stands

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Andrei Gourov
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

Seven Hylobius species are known from Siberia, while the occurrence of three of them is doubtful. Information available about the supplementary feeding of adult weevils is reviewed. It is likely that H. abietis and H. albosparsus are the only species of economic significance in this territory. In the northern forest-steppe zone, adult weevils usually prefer to feed separately on isolated or border young trees under the canopy of light Scots pine stands, but avoid the undercanopy regeneration in the dense stands. In the southern taiga zone, adults are abundant on cutover areas where they feed in clumps of young regeneration. In fresh clearcuts, up to 100% of juvenile trees may be damaged by the feeding of weevils, whereas the damage intensity declines sharply with the distance to the clearcut. An edge effect in the distribution of adult weevils needs verification and, probably, is time-dependent. Inside the stands, the crowns of mature trees may constitute an additional food niche for adults if the usual sources and preferred environmental conditions are not available.

scholarly journals Productivity and photosynthetic activity of potatoes depending on the duration and depth of planting

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 (4) ◽  
pp. 2-10
Author(s):  
A. A. Vasiliev ◽  
A. Gorbunov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
The Third ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of the timing and depth of planting potatoes on the photosynthetic productivity, yield and quality of tubers of varieties of different ripening in the forest-steppe zone of the Chelyabinsk region. Research methods. The setting of field experience, analysis and generalization of research results are performed in accordance with classical methods. Results. The optimal time and depth of potato planting in the Chelyabinsk region was established – planting May 12–15 to a depth of 5–6 cm. This combination of agricultural methods provides the greatest photosynthetic potential (Rozara – 3.49 million m2/day, Kuzovok – 4.66 million m2/day), effective assimilation of photosynthetically active radiation (FAR assimilation coefficient: Rozara variety – 3.4 %, body weight – 3.6 %), high yield (Rozara – 35.4 t/ha, body weight – 38.3 t/ha) and the quality of potato tubers (starchiness of Rozara tubers – 16.8 %, Kuzovok – 15.84 %, starch collection per unit area 6.10 and 6.28 t/ha respectively). The late planting period (June 5–12) reduced the photosynthetic potential (Rozara varieties – by 18.7 %, Kuzovok – by 23.6 %) and the FAR coefficient (Rozara – to 2.5–2.6 %, Kuzovok – to 3.0 %). As a result, there was a decrease in the yield of the Rozara variety by 5.1–8.1 t/ha, Kuzovok – by 7.1–7.2 t/ha depending on the depth of planting and a deterioration in the quality of tubers. The dry matter content in late-planted tubers of the Rozara variety decreased by an average of 2.7 %, starch – by 2.29 %, and in the Kuzovok variety – by 2.9 and 1.83 % compared with planting in the second decade of May (accumulation nitrates in tubers increased 2.06 and 2.48 times, respectively). Planting to a depth of 5–6 cm provided an advantage in the second decade of May, and to a depth of 10–12 cm – when planting potatoes in the third decade of May and early June. Scientific novelty. In the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Chelyabinsk region, the dependence of the planting depth on the potato planting period is revealed. When planting at the optimum time (May 12–15), the best results are provided by a planting depth of 5–6 cm, while in the third decade of May and early June, the potato planting depth should be increased to 10–12 cm.

scholarly journals Detection of disturbed forest ecosystems in the forest-steppe zone using reflectance values

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-418
Author(s):  
E.A. Terekhin
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Automated Detection ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Spectral Ranges ◽  
Central Chernozem

This paper presents results of the assessment of discriminant analysis potentialities for detecting disturbed forest ecosystems in the forest-steppe zone using their reflectance spectrum properties. A new method is proposed for the automated detection of disturbed forest stands among forest-covered lands, based on the discriminant analysis of the magnitude of changes in the reflectance in various spectral ranges. Using experimental data from 1836 forest areas typical of the forest-steppe zone of the Central Chernozem region, we propose equations that allow a specific forest area to be classified as disturbed or undisturbed forests in an automated mode. The accuracy of disturbed forest detection is about 90%. It is found that variations in the short-wave infrared reflectance are most informative for disturbed forest land detection when compared with the reflectance variations detected by the Landsat sensors in the other spectral ranges.

scholarly journals The latitudinal distribution of vegetation cover in Siberia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 00047
Author(s):  
Irina Safronova ◽  
Tatiana Yurkovsksya
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Central Siberia ◽  
Zonal Vegetation ◽  
North Eastern

The latitudinal changes of vegetation cover on the plains of Siberia are observed. In Western Siberia there are 4 zones (tundra and taiga, and forest-steppe and steppe only here), in Central and North-Eastern Siberia − only 2 zones (tundra and taiga).Tundra zone is represented by 4 subzones in Central Siberia; in Western and North-Eastern Siberia − by 3 subzones (there are no polar subzone). All 5 subzones of the taiga zone are distinguished both in Western Siberia and in the Central Siberia, but in the Central Siberia, forests are found in very high latitudes. The feature of the taiga zone of Western Siberia is high paludification. As a result, the vegetation of mires dominates over the zonal vegetation. Zonal West Siberian types are dark coniferous forests. Light coniferous forests predominate in the taiga zone of Central and North-Eastern Siberia. In the forest-steppe zone in Western Siberia forests are small-leaved − birch, aspen-birch (Betula pendula, Populus tremula). The abundance of mires is the feature of this zone, as well as in the taiga.

Lichens as indicators of forest ecosystems in the Center of European Russia

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Мучник ◽  
Eugenia Muchnik
Keyword(s):  
Indicator Species ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Central Russia

The main are high demands to the habitat conditions (stenotopic or not) and confinedness only to oldgrowth and undisturbed forests and bogs as well as old parks. The lists of indicator species for biologically valuable forest landscapes in the coniferous-broadleaved, broadleaved forests subzones and forest-steppe zone of the Central Russia are given.

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