Recovering and Identifying Infectious Plant Viruses in Guttation Fluid

Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) virions were recovered from guttation fluid of systemically infected tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and visualized by electron microscopy. Similarly, pepper mild mottle virus (PMMV) particles were identified in gattation fluid of systemically infected green pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Infectivity of ToMV and PMMV in guttation fluid samples was demonstrated on local and systemic hosts. As determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the concentration of ToMV in tomato guttation fluid was 0.9 ± 0.2 μg·ml-1 and the concentration of PMMV in green pepper guttation fluid was 0.5 ± 0.1 μg·ml-1. The occurrence of infectious, mechanically transmissible viruses in guttation fluid maybe an important factor in the spread of plant viruses in greenhouse crops.

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Several viral diseases of Lycopersicon esculentum circulating in Ukraine

Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Series Biology ◽

10.17721/1728_2748.2014.68.96-98 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 96-98

Author(s):

Al Dalain Emad ◽

A. Bysov ◽

O. Shevchenko ◽

T. Shevchenko ◽

V. Polischuk

Keyword(s):

Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽

Viral Diseases ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill

This paper describes detection of some typical plant viruses infecting Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. plants in Ukraine. Diagnostics using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed presence of antigens of viruses belonging to Tobamovirus (PMMoV, ToMV), Cucumovirus (CMV) and Tobravirus (TRV) genera in sap of tomato plants. When studying viral diseases of tomatoes, monoinfection was shown to be prevalent. Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) was most common.

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Identification of Tomato Infecting Viruses That Co-Isolate with Nanovesicles Using a Combined Proteomics and Electron-Microscopic Approach

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11081922 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1922

Author(s):

Ramila Mammadova ◽

Immacolata Fiume ◽

Ramesh Bokka ◽

Veronika Kralj-Iglič ◽

Darja Božič ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Protein Identification ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Size Exclusion ◽

Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽

High Yield ◽

Plant Resources ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Viral Particles

Plant-derived nanovesicles (NVs) have attracted interest due to their anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidative properties and their efficient uptake by human intestinal epithelial cells. Previously we showed that tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit is one of the interesting plant resources from which NVs can be obtained at a high yield. In the course of the isolation of NVs from different batches of tomatoes, using the established differential ultracentrifugation or size-exclusion chromatography methods, we occasionally observed the co-isolation of viral particles. Density gradient ultracentrifugation (gUC), using sucrose or iodixanol gradient materials, turned out to be efficient in the separation of NVs from the viral particles. We applied cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the morphological assessment and LC–MS/MS-based proteomics for the protein identification of the gradient fractions. Cryo-TEM showed that a low-density gUC fraction was enriched in membrane-enclosed NVs, while the high-density fractions were rich in rod-shaped objects. Mass spectrometry–based proteomic analysis identified capsid proteins of tomato brown rugose fruit virus, tomato mosaic virus and tomato mottle mosaic virus. In another batch of tomatoes, we isolated tomato spotted wilt virus, potato virus Y and southern tomato virus in the vesicle sample. Our results show the frequent co-isolation of plant viruses with NVs and the utility of the combination of cryo-TEM, SEM and proteomics in the detection of possible viral contamination.

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Fruit Distortion Mosaic Disease of Okra in India

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2003.87.11.1395a ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 87 (11) ◽

pp. 1395-1395 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

M. Krishnareddy ◽

Salil Jalali ◽

D. K. Samuel

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Mosaic Disease ◽

Tobacco Streak Virus ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Streak Virus ◽

Field Samples ◽

Local Lesions

Okra (Abelmoscus esculentus (L.) Moench) is an important vegetable crop of India and other subropical and tropical countries. In 2000 and 2001, in the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, okra was severely affected by a new disease. Since that time, the disease has spread to other states: Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, and Maharashtra. Chlorotic spots, chlorotic leaf blotches, distortion of leaves, chlorotic streaking, distortion of fruits, and severe yield losses as much as 63% characterize the disease. The causal virus induces local and systemic chlorotic and necrotic lesions on Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cv. C-152 and Chenopodium amaranticolor Coste & Reyne., chlorotic local lesions and mosaic on Cucumis sativus L., necrotic local lesions on Gossypium hirsutum L. and black gram (Vigna mungo L.), and chlorotic local lesions and systemic necrosis on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Host reactions on these species are similar to those described for the ilarvirus Tobacco streak virus (TSV) (3). Electron microscopic observation of leafdip preparations from field samples and partially purified virus preparations revealed the presence of isometric virus particles measuring 25 to 30 nm in diameter. The virus was purified from mechanically inoculated okra by differential and sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and disease symptoms were reproduced in okra mechanically inoculated with the purified virus. In direct antigen coated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunosorbent electron microscopy tests, the purified virus and sap extracts reacted positively with polyclonal antibodies to TSV, the ilarvirus associated with sunflower necrosis and peanut stem necrosis diseases (1,2), but did not react positively to Turnip mosaic virus and Okra mosaic virus that are previously reported to infect okra. In reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), using oligonucleotide primers designed to amplify the entire coat protein region of TSV, an approximately 800-bp DNA fragment was obtained from purified virus and okra displaying fruit distortion mosaic disease (OFDM) but not from healthy okra. On the basis of host range, serological relationship, electron microscopy, and RTPCR amplification, the virus causing OFDM is an ilarvirus closely related to TSV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of an ilarvirus in okra, and is the third and most recent report of an ilarvirus related to TSV causing disease in crops on the Indian subcontinent (1,2). References:(1). A. I. Bhat et al. Arch. Virol. 147:651, 2002. (2). A. S. Reddy et al. Plant Dis. 86:173, 2002. (3). S. W. Scott. Tobacco streak virus. No 381 in: Descriptions of Plant Viruses. CMI/AAB, Surrey, U.K., 2001.

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Bidens mottle virus Identified in Tropical Soda Apple in Florida

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-91-7-0905a ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 91 (7) ◽

pp. 905-905 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

C. A. Baker ◽

I. Kamenova ◽

R. Raid ◽

S. Adkins

Keyword(s):

Host Range ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Mottle Virus ◽

Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Pcr Product ◽

Potyvirus Species ◽

Tropical Soda Apple

Tropical soda apple (TSA) (Solanum viarum Dunal), a plant native to South America, was first identified in Florida in 1988 (4). It rapidly became a noxious weed in pastures throughout the state and it is known to be a reservoir for Cucumber mosaic virus, Potato leafroll virus, Potato virus Y (PVY), Tobacco etch virus (TEV), Tomato mosaic virus, and Tomato mottle virus, viruses that infect important vegetable crops in Florida (3). During a routine survey of Florida weeds during May of 2004, a TSA plant with chlorotic, young leaves found near Okeechobee, FL was determined to be infected with a potyvirus by using a commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit (Agdia, Elkhart, IN). The results of a host range study indicated this potyvirus was neither PVY nor TEV. The virus caused local lesions in Chenopodium amaranticolor and systemic symptoms in C quinoa, Coreopsis sp. (C. A. Baker, unpublished), Helianthus annus, Nicotiana benthamiana, Petunia × hybrida, Verbena hybrida, and Zinnia elegans. It did not infect Gomphrena globosa, N. glutinosa, Pisum sativum, or Phaseolus vulgaris (1). Cylindrical inclusions consistent with those observed in plants infected with Bidens mottle virus (BiMoV) were observed in Z. elegans. Immunodiffusion tests with antiserum to BiMoV (Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida) gave a reaction of identity with leaf extracts of the symptomatic zinnia, a known sample of BiMoV originally isolated from Bidens pilosa and a recent isolate of BiMoV from lettuce in Belle Glade, FL (C. A. Baker and R. Raid, unpublished). A partial polyprotein gene fragment (GenBank Accession No. EF467235) was amplified from total RNA of an inoculated C. quinoa plant by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with previously described degenerate potyvirus primers (2). Analysis of the RT-PCR product sequence confirmed the host range results and indicated that the potyvirus infecting TSA was neither PVY nor TEV. However, the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of a 247-bp portion of the RT-PCR product were 94 and 98% identical, respectively, with the coat protein sequence (GenBank Accession No. AF538686) of Sunflower chlorotic spot virus (SCSV). SCSV is a tentative potyvirus species described from Taiwan that is not yet recognized as an accepted species by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. On the basis of our concurrent host range, inclusion body, and serological data, it is likely that SCSV is in actuality the previously described and currently accepted potyvirus species BiMoV, for which no previous sequence data existed. As part of a comprehensive viral disease management plan, it is recommended that TSA plants growing in and around lettuce-production areas be controlled along with other weed hosts of this virus. References: (1) A. A. Brunt et al., eds. Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20 at http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/ , 1996. (2) A. Gibbs and A. J. Mackenzie. Virol. Methods 63:9, 1997. (3) R. J. McGovern et al. Int. J. Pest Manag. 40:270, 1994. (4) J. J. Mullahey et al. Weed Technol. 7:783, 1993.

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Alternanthera mosaic virus Found in Scutellaria, Crossandra, and Portulaca spp. in Florida

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pd-90-0833c ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 90 (6) ◽

pp. 833-833 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

C. A. Baker ◽

L. Breman ◽

L. Jones

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

United States ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Plant Species ◽

The United States ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Indicator Plants ◽

Partial Identity ◽

Pcr Products

In the fall of 1998, the Division of Plant Industry (DPI) received vegetative propagations of Scutellaria longifolia (skullcap) with symptoms of foliar mosaic, chlorotic/necrotic ringspots, and wavy line patterns from a nursery in Manatee County. Flexuous particles approximately 500 nm long were found with electron microscopy. The plants tested positive for Papaya mosaic virus (PaMV) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test with antiserum to PaMV (Agdia, Elkhart, IN). However, in immunodiffusion tests (antiserum from D. Purcifull, University of Florida), this virus gave a reaction of partial identity indicating it was related but not identical to PaMV (1). The original infected plants were kept in a greenhouse. In January 2005, a specimen of Crossandra infundibuliformis (firecracker plant) with mosaic symptoms was submitted to the DPI from a nursery in Alachua County. Inclusions found with light microscopy and particles found with electron microscopy indicated that this plant was infected with a potexvirus. This was confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers designed to detect members of the virus family Potexviridae (3). These plants reacted positive to PaMV antiserum in ELISA and gave a reaction of partial identity to PaMV in immunodiffusion. A specimen of Portulaca grandiflora (moss rose) with distorted leaves found at a local retail store was also tested and gave the same results. Leaves from each of the three plant species were rubbed onto a set of indicator plants using Carborundum and potassium phosphate buffer. Total RNA was extracted from symptomatic indicator plants of Nicotiana benthamiana. RT-PCR (3) was performed, and PCR products were sequenced directly. Sequences of approximately 700 bp were obtained for all three plant species and showed 98% identity with each other. BLAST search results showed that these sequences were 93% identical to an Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV) sequence at the nucleotide level but only 76% identical to PaMV. The amino acid sequences were 98 and 82% identical to AltMV and PaMV, respectively. The PCR products of the virus from Scutellaria sp. were cloned, resequenced, and the sequence was entered into the GenBank (Accession No. DQ393785). The bioassay results matched those found for AltMV in Australia (2) and the northeastern United States (4), except that the Florida viruses infected Datura stramonium and Digitalis purpurea (foxglove). The virus associated with the symptoms of these three plants appears to be AltMV and not PaMV. AltMV has been found in ornamental plants in Australia, Italy, and the United States (Pennsylvania, Maryland, and now Florida). Since this virus is known to infect several plants asymptomatically and can be easily confused with PaMV serologically, it is likely that the distribution of this virus is much wider than is known at this time. References: (1) L. L. Breman. Plant Pathology Circular No. 396. Fla. Dept. Agric. Consum. Serv. DPI, 1999. (2) A. D. W. Geering and J. E. Thomas. Arch Virol 144:577, 1999. (3) A. Gibbs et al. J Virol Methods 74:67, 1998. (4) J. Hammond et al. Arch Virol. 151:477, 2006.

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First Report of Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus Infecting Tomato Crop in Saudi Arabia

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-05-21-1065-pdn ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed Sabra ◽

Mohammed Ali Al Saleh ◽

I. M. Alshahwan ◽

Mahmoud A. Amer

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

First Report ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Dark Green ◽

Leaf Symptoms

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most economically important member of family Solanaceae and cultivated worldwide and one of the most important crops in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study is screening of the most common viruses in Riyadh region and identified the presence of tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) in Saudi Arabia. In January 2021, unusual fruit and leaf symptoms were observed in several greenhouses cultivating tomatoes commercially in Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia. Fruit symptoms showed irregular brown spots, deformation, and yellowing spots which render the fruits non-marketable, while the leaf symptoms included mottling, mosaic with dark green wrinkled and narrowing. These plants presented the symptoms similar to those described in other studies (Salem et al., 2015, Luria et al., 2017). A total 45 Symptomatic leaf samples were collected and tested serologically against suspected important tomato viruses including: tomato chlorosis virus, tomato spotted wilt virus, tomato yellow leaf curl virus, tomato chlorotic spot virus, tomato aspermy virus, tomato bushy stunt virus, tomato black ring virus, tomato ringspot virus, tomato mosaic virus, pepino mosaic virus and ToBRFV using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test (LOEWE®, Biochemica, Germany), according to the manufacturers' instructions. The obtained results showed that 84.4% (38/45) of symptomatic tomato samples were infected with at least one of the detected viruses. The obtained results showed that 55.5% (25/45) of symptomatic tomato samples were found positive to ToBRFV, three out of 25 samples (12%) were singly infected, however 22 out of 45 (48.8%) had mixed infection between ToBRFV and with at least one of tested viruses. A sample with a single infection of ToBRFV was mechanically inoculated into different host range including: Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, C. album, C. glaucum, Nicotiana glutinosa, N. benthamiana, N. tabacum, N. occidentalis, Gomphrena globosa, Datura stramonium, Solanum lycopersicum, S. nigrum, petunia hybrida and symptoms were observed weekly and the systemic presence of the ToBRFV was confirmed by RT-PCR and partial nucleotide sequence. A Total RNA was extracted from DAS-ELISA positive samples using Thermo Scientific GeneJET Plant RNA Purification Mini Kit. Reverse transcription-Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out using specific primers F-3666 (5´-ATGGTACGAACGGCGGCAG-3´) and R-4718 (5´-CAATCCTTGATGTG TTTAGCAC-3´) which amplified a fragment of 1052 bp of Open Reading Frame (ORF) encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). (Luria et al. 2017). RT-PCR products were analyzed using 1.5 % agarose gel electrophoresis. RT-PCR products were sequenced in both directions by Macrogen Inc. Seoul, South Korea. Partial nucleotide sequences obtained from selected samples were submitted to GenBank and assigned the following accession numbers: MZ130501, MZ130502, and MZ130503. BLAST analysis of Saudi isolates of ToBRFV showed that the sequence shared nucleotide identities ranged between 98.99 % to 99.50 % among them and 98.87-99.87 % identity with ToBRFV isolates from Palestine (MK881101 and MN013187), Turkey (MK888980, MT118666, MN065184, and MT107885), United Kingdom (MN182533), Egypt (MN882030 and MN882031), Jordan (KT383474), USA (MT002973), Mexico (MK273183 and MK273190), Canada (MN549395) and Netherlands (MN882017, MN882018, MN882042, MN882023, MN882024, and MN882045). To our knowledge, this is the first report of occurrence of ToBRFV infecting tomato in Saudi Arabia which suggests its likely introduction by commercial seeds from countries reported this virus and spread in greenhouses through mechanical means. The author(s) declare no conflict of interest. Keywords: Tomato brown rugose fruit virus, tomato, ELISA, RT-PCR, Saudi Arabia References: Luria N, et al., 2017. PLoS ONE 12(1): 1-19. Salem N, et al., 2015. Archives of Virology 161(2): 503-506. Fig. 1. Symptoms caused by ToBRFV showing irregular brown spots, deformation, yellowing spots on fruits (A, B, C) and bubbling and mottling, mosaic with dark green wrinkled and narrowing on leaf (D).

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ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF TWO SMALL SPHERICAL PLANT VIRUSES IN THIN SECTIONS

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b66-096 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 821-826 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

J. R. Edwardson ◽

D. E. Purcifull ◽

R. G. Christie

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Tobacco Necrosis Virus ◽

Necrosis Virus ◽

Thin Sections ◽

Virus Particles ◽

Southern Bean Mosaic Virus

Particles within lesions of leaf tissue infected with either tobacco necrosis virus (TNV) or southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) were compared with particles in embedded pellets of purified preparations of these viruses by an examination of thin sections. The mode of the diameters of particles in tissues and pellets was 20.5 mµ.It is assumed that the particles in infected tissues are virus particles on the basis of their similarities in size, shape, and arrangement with the particles in purified preparations.

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First Report of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Eryngium amethystinum, Canna spp., and Aquilegia hybrids in Ohio

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.1997.81.11.1331c ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 81 (11) ◽

pp. 1331-1331 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J. R. Fisher ◽

M.-C. Sanchez-Cuevas ◽

S. T. Nameth ◽

V. L. Woods ◽

C. W. Ellett

Keyword(s):

Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Early Summer ◽

Reservoir Host ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Herbaceous Plant ◽

First Report ◽

Severe Stunting ◽

Banding Profile

Eryngium amethystinum (amethyst sea holly) is a herbaceous plant commonly grown as an ornamental perennial in U.S.D.A. hardiness zones 3 to 8. The plant thrives in dry areas with infertile soils and the flowers are often used in dried floral arrangements. Canna spp. (Canna), soft perennials (U.S.D.A. zone 9 and above), are becoming popular flowering plants because of their bright flowers and spectacular foliage. There are a variety of species that fall under the heading Canna spp., of which the most popular are C. glauca, C. indica, C. edulis, and C. iridiflora. Hybrids of Aquilegia (garden columbine), a hardy perennial (U.S.D.A. zones 3 to 9), flower in late spring through early summer. The genus is made up of a wide variety of cultivars. E. amethystinum exhibiting severe mosaic, yellowing, and stunting, along with Canna plants exhibiting severe stunting, chlorotic and distorted foliage, and mosaic, and garden columbine plants exhibiting stunting, leaf curl, chlorosis, and mosaic, collected from commercial plantings throughout the central Ohio area, were analyzed for the presence of virus infection with viral-associated, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) analysis. dsRNA analysis resulted in a banding profile typical of that seen with members of the cucumovirus family of plant viruses. Plants positive for cucumovurus-like dsRNA were tested with a direct antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ELISA results confirmed the presence of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in all symptomatic plants tested. No evidence of dsRNA or CMV was found in any of the asymptomatic plants tested. Because all of these hosts are common in the perennial garden, they could serve as a reservoir host of CMV for other plants in the garden. This is the first report of CMV in E. amethystinum, Canna spp., and Aquilegia hybrids in Ohio.

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Molecular and biological characterization of an isolate of Tomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV) infecting tomato and other experimental hosts in a greenhouse in Valencia, Spain

10.1101/063255 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. Ambrós ◽

F. Martínez ◽

P. Ivars ◽

C. Hernández ◽

F. de la Iglesia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mosaic Virus ◽

Plant Species ◽

Rna Virus ◽

Diagnostic Techniques ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Reservoir Host ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽

Molecular Diagnostic ◽

Molecular Diagnostic Techniques

AbstractTomato is known to be a natural and experimental reservoir host for many plant viruses. In the last few years a new tobamovirus species, Tomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV), has been described infecting tomato and pepper plants in several countries worldwide. Upon observation of symptoms in tomato plants growing in a greenhouse in Valencia, Spain, we aimed to ascertain the etiology of the disease. Using standard molecular techniques, we first detected a positive sense single-stranded RNA virus as the probable causal agent. Next, we amplified, cloned and sequenced a ~3 kb fragment of its RNA genome which allowed us to identify the virus as a new ToMMV isolate. Through extensive assays on distinct plant species, we validated Koch’s postulates and investigated the host range of the ToMMV isolate. Several plant species were locally and/or systemically infected by the virus, some of which had not been previously reported as ToMMV hosts despite they are commonly used in research greenhouses. Finally, two reliable molecular diagnostic techniques were developed and used to assess the presence of ToMMV in different plants species. We discuss the possibility that, given the high sequence homology between ToMMV and Tomato mosaic virus, the former may have been mistakenly diagnosed as the latter by serological methods.

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First Report of Southern bean mosaic virus Infecting French Bean in Morocco

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2004.88.10.1162b ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 88 (10) ◽

pp. 1162-1162 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E. Segundo ◽

F. M. Gil-Salas ◽

D. Janssen ◽

G. Martin ◽

I. M. Cuadrado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mosaic Virus ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

First Report ◽

Sequence Identity ◽

Southern Bean Mosaic Virus ◽

Bean Plants ◽

Symptomatic Leaf ◽

Das Elisa

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is grown on approximately 1,500 ha in commercial greenhouses and is of major economic importance in the Souss-Massa Region, Agadir, Morocco. Since October 2003, symptoms resembling a viral disease, consisting of pod mosaic and distortion and mild to severe mosaic in leaves, have been observed on bean plants in several greenhouses. Mechanical inoculation with symptomatic leaf extracts produced necrotic local lesions on P. vulgaris ‘Pinto’ and systemic symptoms similar to those observed in the naturally infected bean plants P. vulgaris ‘Donna’ (five plants per cultivar). Inoculated and naturally infected samples reacted positively using a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) to Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany), a member of the Sobemovirus genus that is transmitted by contact, soil, beetles, and seeds (1). Virions purified from a naturally infected ‘Donna’ plant contained a 30-kDa polypeptide that reacted positively using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blot analysis with SBMV antiserum (DSMZ). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification with SMBV primers as described by Verhoeven et al. (2) produced an expected 870-bp band. The amplicon was cloned, sequenced (GenBank Accession No. AJ748276), and compared to those isolates available in GenBank and had a nucleotide sequence identity of 87% and a derived amino acid sequence identity of 95% with an SBMV isolate from Spain (2). During a survey in different areas of the Souss-Massa Region, 20 symptomatic leaf and pod samples were randomly collected from 12 greenhouses (50 ha) where significant commercial losses were suffered because of this virus disease, and all samples were positive using DAS-ELISA for SBMV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SBMV in Morocco. References: (1) J. H. Tremaine and R. I. Hamilton. Southern bean mosaic virus. No. 274 in: Descriptions of Plant Viruses. CMI/AAB, Kew, Surrey, England, 1983. (2) J. Th. J. Verhoeven et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 109:935, 2003.

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